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EN
The purpose of this article is to present the innovation systems and their role in technology transfer in the region. The paper is divided in three parts. In the first part of the article, the author describes topics referring to the concept of technology transfer. The second part focuses on the meaning of the innovation systems, especially regional innovation system, and their influence on technology transfer and the region's development. Finally, the paper analyzes activities of chosen technology transfer centre, its meaning in supporting technology transfer.
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EN
The paper analyzes the issues related to the problems of commercialization of research and the importance of trust between the partners between science and economy. Commercialization of research, in a broad sense, means all activities related to the transfer of knowledge to economic practice. This process cannot properly take place in conditions of limited confidence of the participating entities. Commercialization is an inherent and
EN
The innovation life cycle has traditionally been supposed to consist of the five linear phases (from the first phase - innovation generation, to the fifth phase - innovation product manufacturing), but a more detailed consideration for the existing innovation processes shows that they cannot be always described by the simple linear structure. As shown by the practice, accumulation of the basic knowledge leads to several applied efforts to create radically distinctive innovations. This results in a variety of fan-shaped structures. Seven possible basic structures are analyzed, to show that they allow for an adequate description of any objectively existing process of innovation in the economies of the full innovation cycle, because any history of producing the innovation either represents one of the basic structures or can be described by their combination. The concepts of the absolutely innovational country (economy) and relatively innovational country (economy) are introduced, to denote, respectively, the country's capability to implement the above innovation structure within all the economic activities, and the economies pursuing 'mixed' option of the innovation development (or 'mixed' development through innovation and technology transfer). The role and contribution of national governments, international non-profit organizations and private (commercial) sources in financing innovations produced by means of various structures is discussed.
EN
The article deals with social and economic dimension of exclusion concerning nation-states underprivileged in transnational economic processes and their strategies, which are meant to restore the equilibrium as far as the profits are concerned. Effective equilibrium strategy should refer to the specific circumstances of the national economy and regulate its relations with potential foreign investors. The main assumption of this study corresponds with the author's conviction, that properly implemented idea of sustainable development described in numerous documents of international and transnational organizations, may contribute to the elimination of social and economic exclusion, as well as to the actual implementation of equilibrium strategy in national economies. The article brings elements of the pursued strategy within the context of acquiring equivalent profits of transnational capital flows and shifting the social costs of investments on those who generate these costs (transnational corporations mostly). Sustainable development strategy against social and economic exclusion requires an inclusive
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