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Organizacija
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2012
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vol. 45
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issue 6
300-309
EN
This article addresses the problem of why subordinates trust their managers based on the responses from 108 subordinates of seven Slovenian managers and from 138 subordinates of eight Swedish managers. The subordinates of these managers responded to a 20-item instrument tested for reliability and validity. In both samples the managers enjoyed different degrees of trust. The level of trust vested in Slovenian managers was higher than in Swedish ones. The kinds of managers’ actions that enhanced trust were similar amongst Swedish and Slovenian subordinates. Different socio-cultural contexts may theoretically explain why some other kinds of actions had contrasting effects between the samples. On the whole, the actions of managers explain trust in both countries. Subordinates’ trust in managers declines with the increasing hierarchical distance in both national samples. Managers need to show in action that they trust their subordinates, promote their interests, demonstrate appreciation of their subordinates, and solve problems.
EN
This paper investigates how organizational trust contributes to knowledge transfer processes and knowledge creation both directly and indirectly. The mediation analyses were used. The findings using cross-sectional data from Polish companies suggest a new way of thinking in respect of how crucial is trust to creation of knowledge unconnected to organizational memory.
PL
In a letter published on March 30, 2021, 24 world leaders have called for global solidarity in the fight against the Covid-19 pandemic. This commitment to act in solidarity with low-income countries however was won under duress, and it was in part at least self-serving. Can this still be called solidarity? On the basis of a functional view on solidarity the paper argues that states can indeed act in solidarity, if they accept costs to assist others with whom they recognize similarity in a relevant respect. States can act in solidarity, or they can fail to act in solidarity, also in situations of duress and if solidary acts also serve their own interests. The paper concludes that if this is true for the Covid-19 pandemic it is also true for the climate crisis, where damage of even much bigger dimensions are to be prevented. Also in regard to anthropogenic global heating, nobody is safe until everyone is safe.
EN
Trust and loyalty are universal human needs for moral knowledge, healthy relation-ships and good governance. They are core universal ethical values and virtues that enable people to relate freely under any sentient socio-political milieu. Public trust and loyalty in governments and in leaders across the globe is drastically declining with rising sense of hopelessness and lack of confidence that make citizens yearn for change. Meanwhile, some scholars have argued that distrust and disloyalty are as valuable as their contraries, especially when justified. Justifiably, one can be protected from harm and actions that could have negative effects on his reputations and self-respect, with inherent socio-political benefits and roles to good governance and the development of society. The point is that the reasons we have to trust and show loyalty are as valuable as the reasons we have to distrust and show disloyalty to someone or government. This means that trust and loyalty can either be withdrawn or betrayed. However, as valid as this sounds, the main thrust of this paper is that it is virtuous to trust and show loyalty until one finds valuable reason to withdraw or betray such trust or loyalty. Analytically, the paper concludes that genuine trust and loyalty promote common good in the global business of governance.
EN
Prior studies suggest that regulatory uncertainty is potentially detrimental to the wider economic performance, to the effectiveness of regulatory measures and to the objective of harmonized rules and a level playing field across jurisdictions. This paper discusses on the applicability of banks’ perceived trust as a method to evaluate the quality of the EU macroprudential regulation. Accordingly, the regulatory credibility, as opposed to regulatory uncertainty, is assumed to indicate consistent, predictable and solid regulatory and institutional environment. This paper argues that the perception of trust and the regulatory credibility are interrelated so that one cannot exist without the other. For the purpose of this study, a representative survey was conducted with Finnish banks and conglomerates. Although the respondents expressed, overall, slight trust in the ability of the renewed EU macroprudential regime to accomplish its intended objectives, definitive and direct conclusions are avoided. This is due to the several limitations of the survey and as such, the results are merely to provide context for the paper.
Organizacija
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2011
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vol. 44
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issue 4
101-108
EN
At a time of growing globalization, we can observe the increasing role of cooperative strategies among companies, including alliances, joint ventures, and networks. Trust is one of the most important factors of success for any business activity. It relates especially to alliance networks because it can lower transaction costs, increase productivity and innovativeness, facilitate inter-organizational relationships and resolve conflicts. Therefore the article comprehensively discusses the problems of trust in alliance networks. The conclusion of the text is that trust building in alliance networks has an influence on the effectiveness of the whole network. The text is based on the latest world literature as well as the personal experience of the author in creating effective cooperative network agreements.
PL
Wobec wyrównanych możliwości technologicznych organizacje nie ustają w poszukiwaniu gwarantu dającego przewagę na rynku, sięgając do różnych koncepcji. Jedną z nich jest popularna ostatnio koncepcja CSR, z którą wiąże się istotny, aczkolwiek trudny do uchwycenia zasób niematerialny organizacji – zaufanie. W artykule przyjęto założenie, że utrudnienia w budowaniu zaufania pomiędzy organizacją a jej interesariuszami są wynikiem braku lub nieskuteczności komunikatów wysyłanych przez organizację na temat jej praktyk społecznie odpowiedzialnych. Celem artykułu jest podkreślenie znaczenia zaufania budowanego w oparciu o działania społecznie odpowiedzialne organizacji oraz wskazanie luki w komunikowaniu tych działań. Do realizacji tego celu wykorzystano analizę literatury, przegląd i analizę badań dotyczących komunikowania CSR i wiedzy na ten temat oraz wyniki sondażu diagnostycznego przeprowadzonego wśród wybranej grupy studentów Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej. Obszar rozważań zawężono do relacji organizacja-klient.
EN
This article aims to underline the importance of trust built based on the actions of socially responsible organization and communication gaps in the selection of these measures, which somehow prevents or hinders the building of that trust. To achieve this purpose a literature analysis, analysis of studies of various authors regarding CSR communication and knowledge of the subject and the results of the survey conducted among a select group of students of the Military University of Technology. Area considerations narrowed to relations organization − the customer.
PL
Celem artykułu jest ocena postrzegania państwa przez studentów, z uwzględnieniem kryterium płci, w kontekście badań nad kapitałem społecznym. Wykorzystano do tego wyniki badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych na Wydziale Nauk Ekonomicznych i Zarządzania Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego, Faculty of Politics and Management Mykolas Romeris University w Wilnie oraz Faculty of Economics, Matej Bel University Banska Bystrica. W części teoretycznej artykułu przedstawiono zarys problematyki kapitału społecznego z uwzględnieniem zagadnień dotyczących państwa. Stało się to podstawą do analizy wyników badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych wśród studentów. Została ona poprzedzona przedstawieniem metodyki badań. W artykule sformułowano kilka kluczowych wniosków dotyczących postrzegania państwa przez studentów w Polsce, na Litwie i Słowacji.
EN
The main aim of the article is to evaluate the perception of the state by students from Poland, Lithuania and Slovakia in the context of research on social capital taking into account their sex as a basic criterion. Theoretical part of the article presents chosen issues concerning social capital in relation to the state. This part has also become a foundation to the analysis of the survey outcomes conducted among students in Poland, Lithuania and Slovakia. Presented results, as a part of in-depth research study regarding social capital, led to a few valid conclusions. One can easily state that there is a very low degree of trust in the state. What is more students critically evaluate the functioning of the state, honesty of employees of public institutions as well as lack of commitment of the state in creating a helpful attitude towards people regardless of their nationality and sex.
PL
Zaufanie jako czynnik (zasób) niematerialny przedsiębiorstwa wpływa na jego wartość. Celem pracy jest wskazanie roli zaufania w budowaniu wartości spółdzielni. W pracy dokonano analizy podstawowych czynników budujących zaufanie spółdzielni, a tym samym jej wartości. Są to: doświadczenie i kompetencje, troska o człowieka, wartości i zasady, współdziałanie i solidarność, odpowiedzialność. Podejście ma głównie wymiar teoretyczny, odwołujący się do idei spółdzielczości.
EN
The trust as the intangible factor (asset) of the enterprise influences his value. For purposes of the work is the indication of the part of the trust in building of the value of the cooperative. In the work one analysed basic of factors building the trust of the cooperative and consequently her value. They are: the experience and competences, human care, values and rules, the cooperation and the solidarity, the responsibility. The approach has mainly a theoretical dimension, referring to the idea cooperative movement.
PL
W artykule dokonano analizy wpływu zaufania międzyorganizacyjnego na wyniki działalności łańcucha dostaw (supply chain performance). Jego celem było także opracowanie mapy bibliometrycznej wskazującej obszary tematyczne powiązane z zagadnieniem zaufania oraz oceną wyników działalności łańcucha dostaw. W przeprowadzonym przeglądzie literatury wykorzystano artykuły z lat 2000-2015 dostępne w bazach EBSCO oraz ScienceDirect. Analizę bibliometryczną przeprowadzono na podstawie artykułów naukowych dostępnych w bazach Web of Science i Scopus. Do opracowania danych wykorzystano oprogramowanie VOSviewer oraz analizę współwystępowania słów w tytułach, streszczeniach i słowach kluczowych analizowanych publikacji.
EN
In the paper the impact of interorganizational trust on supply chain performance was analysed. The aim of the article was also to develop bibliometric map indicating the thematic areas related to the issue of trust and supply chain performance. In the conducted literature review the articles from year 2000 to 2015 available in EBSCO and ScienceDirect research databases were analysed. Bibliometric analysis was carried out on the basis of scientific articles available in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. The bibliometric map was elaborated with use of VOSviewer software and analysis of co-occurrence of words in the titles, abstracts and keywords in analysed publications.
PL
Rosnąca rola zaufania w dynamicznym i konkurencyjnym otoczeniu sprawia, że coraz częściej staje się ono przedmiotem analizy w kontek ście interorganizacyjnym, a mianowicie łańcucha dostaw. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest rzucenie światła na zagadnienie zaufania w łańcuchu sieci dostaw poprzez zaprezentowanie zintegrowanego modelu ujmującego determinanty, typy i konsekwencje zaufania w łań-cuchu dostaw.
EN
Rising role of a trust in dynamic and competitive environment makes trust become a subject of analyses in the inter-organization context − in the context of a supply chain. The aim of this paper is to explain a problem of trust by offering a proposal of an integrated model containing determinants, types and consequences of trust in supply chains.
PL
Celem artykułu jest prezentacja powiązań międzyorganizacyjnej rachunkowości zarządczej i zaufania. Wyniki przeglądu literatury pokazują, że zaufanie jest ważnym społecznym aspektem relacji gospodarczych, który ma istotny wpływ na efektywność współpracy. Wcześniejsze badania empiryczne wykazały, że wpływ na poziom zaufania ma wymiana informacji finansowych pomiędzy partnerami biznesowymi. Przedstawione w artykule rozważania na temat powiązań zaufania i zewnętrznej wymiany informacji zarządczej zostały ograniczone do tych form współpracy rynkowej, które są koordynowane i kontrolowane przez celowo do tego powołane struktury.
EN
The aim of the paper is to present the relationships between interorganizational management accounting and trust. The results of the literature review show that the trust is a social aspect of business relationships important for the cooperation effectiveness. The previous empirical research results point out that exchange of financial information between business partners has the strong impact on the level of trust. Presented discussion on the link between trust and external exchange of management information is limited to the forms of the market cooperation based on the dedicated organizational structures enabling partners join coordination and control of activities.
PL
W dobie postępującej globalizacji, wprowadzania innowacji, złożonych zmian technologicznych i społecznych, warunkiem koniecznym do rozwoju, dla podmiotów z sektora rolno-spożywczego, jest podejmowanie wspólnych, zorganizowanych działań i tworzenie więzi organizacyjnych. Jedną z form współdziałania podmiotów w agrobiznesie są grupy producentów rolnych. Decyzja o utworzeniu grupy producenckiej, będącej dobrowolnym związkiem ludzi, jak i o jej późniejszym działaniu, zależy w dużej mierze od poziomu wzajemnego zaufania. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań mających na celu identyfikację czynników, które w opinii liderów badanych grup producenckich wpływają na podjęcie decyzji o udzieleniu zaufania osobom tworzącym grupę, jak i interesariuszom zewnętrznym.
EN
For agri-food sector in time of advancing globalization, implementation of innovation and complex changes in technology and society, taking joint organized activities and creating organizational ties are necessary conditions. One of the forms of cooperation between participants in agribusiness are groups of agricultural producers. The decision to set up a production group, which is a voluntary union of people, and its subsequent action depends largely on the level of mutual trust. This article presents the results of research aimed at identifying the factors that, in the opinion of leaders of the surveyed producer groups, affect the growth of confidence between the members of the group, as well as for external stakeholders.
PL
W światowych rankingach uogólnionego zaufania Polska zajmuje niską pozycję. Wydaje się, że dominacja nieufności w polskich warunkach powinna narzucić analizy dotyczące zaufania. Przy opisach zaufania podejmuje się próby wyizolowania (rozróżnienia) nieufności. Nieufność coraz częściej jest definiowana jako odrębny termin, nie tylko jako przeciwieństwo zaufania. Szczególnie w przypadku polskich warunków analiza nieufności wydaje się niezbędna. Celami artykułu są opis ram teoretycznych do analizy nieufności w polskich warunkach, wskazanie płaszczyzn występowania nieufności oraz relacji między zaufaniem a nieufnością w Polsce. W artykule usystematyzowano pojęcie nieufności i wydzielono zasadnicze różnice w kategoriach zaufania i nieufności. Artykuł oparto na przeglądzie literatury oraz ogólnodostępnych danych.
EN
In global rankings of generalized trust, Poland is in a low position. It seems that the dominance of distrust in Polish conditions should impose analyses on trust. In the descriptions of trust attempts are made to isolate (distinguish) distrust. Distrust is more and more often defined as a separate concept, not only as the opposite of trust. Especially in the case of Polish conditions, the distrust analysis seems indispensable. The aim of the article is to describe the theoretical framework for the analysis of distrust in Polish conditions, the indication of levels of distrust and the relationship between trust and distrust in Poland. The article systematized the concept of distrust and separated essential differences in terms of trust and distrust. The article is based on a review of literature and publicly available data.
16
75%
EN
Catechesis is intrinsically geared towards the salvific process which goes on between God and man. This process has the structure of an interpersonal dialogue. The task of catechesis is to help young people to engage in a dialogue with God. In the structure of catechesis, pride of place goes to personal contact. It consists in the sharing of the experience of faith and human values which takes place as part of a common search for the will of God. Catechetical dialogue should be characterized by a pursuit of truth; clarity of expression; respect for the other person; transcending one’s thought patterns in order to find new possibilities for understanding and constructive cooperation through a shared quest; and the ability to remain silent and open up to the other person to understand their viewpoint from the inside.
EN
Professional responsibility of social worker and social pedagogue is related to social, psychological, moral, educational, material and / or financial and other aspects. Then which aspects within the professional responsibility are worth to both specialists? The object of the research is the professional responsibility of social worker and social pedagogue. Research questions in this study are the following: What aspects are meaningful for social workers and social pedagogues within their professional responsibility while interacting with clients? Are these aspects overlap for social worker and social pedagogue or differ? The research aim is to explore the opinions of social workers and social pedagogues about their professional responsibility within their occupations. The questioning survey was performed at schools and social service organizations in five regions of Lithuania. Research participants were chosen according to purposeful sampling and in research study were asked to participate only social workers and social pedagogues who have experience in their professional (social work or social pedagogy) activities not less than five years. Data were collected by applying the questioning survey (2014 year) using the questionnaire with closed-ended questions. For data analysis were used the Microsoft Excel 2013 and SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, 21.0). Findings showed that the self-perception, help to clients, professional ethics, trust are the components of professional responsibilities in the daily professional practices of social workers and social pedagogues. Conclusions highlight the idea that social workers and social pedagogues as responsible professionals must realize themselves not only as professionals, but also as human beings who must find the ways to connect with the diversity of clients.
EN
Growing popularity of open innovation communities poses various challenges for business practice. One of them is trust, which facilitates social interaction, provides basis for risk-taking and strengthens cooperation. In virtual environment traditional mechanisms of its development are unavailable. However, in many companies using virtual teams trust is created, maintained and capitalized, which provides indication that it may be developed in other ways. In this paper, the authors present a study of work within testing community in computer game industry based on two-year qualitative fieldwork, which may serve as an example of trust emergence in virtual environment. (original abstract)
19
75%
PL
Odspołecznienie tradycyjnej ekonomii, oznaczające skupianie się jej jedynie na czynnikach ekonomicznych, spowodowało, że wartości społeczne zaczęto ujmować, tak jak zysk, w kategoriach wyłącznie ilościowych. Celem artykułu jest analiza zaufania jako jednej z głównych wartości społecznych. W pierwszej części opracowania omówiono kategorię wartości z punktu widzenia wybranych nauk oraz wartości społecznej. W kolejnej przedstawiono złożoność interpretacji kategorii zaufania i próbę ustalenia jej treści. W podsumowaniu zawarto wnioski dotyczące społecznej wartości zaufania.
EN
Desocialization of traditional economics, meaning focusing solely on economic factors, led to recognizing social values as profit in purely quantitative categories. The aim of the article is to present the trust as one of the main social values. The first part of the study discusses the category of value from the point of view of selected science and social value. Next one presents the complexity of the interpretation of the category of trust and an attempt to determine its contents. The summary contains conclusions on the social value of trust.
EN
Close relationships with all members of the market environment are now widely accepted by academics and practitioners as an excellent way of creating a sustainable, competitive advantage. However, views on exactly which activities constitute the essence of market relationships may differ significantly in various cultural contexts. The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of Chinese culture on market relationship creation, focusing on specific guanxi networks with closely related indigenous cultural aspects, such as renqing, lian, mianzi, xinren and xinyong, in order to reveal their implications for the functioning of foreign companies in China. An emic approach was predominantly implemented in this analysis, in addition to a polemic on the commonly used assessment methods of culture impact that is based on Western evaluation and bipolar culture dimensions. The information presented is based on research carried out on thirty-eight cases of Polish companies in China that used a semi-structured interview technique with individual managers directly responsible for operations in this market. It is reinforced with a broad literature overview and many years of the author’s direct observations. In addition, some practical recommendations and further research are suggested.
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