Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 17

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  URBAN HISTORY
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1

CULTURAL HERITAGE OF THE POST-TOTALITARIAN CITIES: 20TH AND 21ST CENTURIES. FOREWORD

100%
Pokludová A., Pekár M.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2016
|
vol. 5
|
issue 2
36 – 37
EN
Throughout the world cities after the fall of the totalitarian regimes deal with numerous issues that affect the everyday life of their inhabitants. The cities, which benefited from the economic direction of the totalitarian regime concerning selected sectors of the economy, may become sites on the periphery of events after several years. Conversely, the democratization of post-totalitarian societies associated with the opening of borders, free movement of persons, knowledge and technologies in a short time can affect the development of cities and towns stagnating in the previous era.
2

FROM THE CRADLE TO THE GRAVE: THE CHANGING OF TRANSITIONAL RITUALS IN THE MULTI-CONFESSIONAL MILIEU OF A BOHEMIAN TOWN IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY

80%
Kadeřábek J.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2022
|
vol. 11
|
issue 1
59–69
EN
Drawing on urban and church archival sources such as handbooks, legal texts and birth registers, this study deals with changes in transitional rituals in the multi-denominational town of Slaný in Bohemia in the years 1600–1640. It focuses on both religious and civil rituals and shows how they changed in the course of the Counter-Reformation.
3

HISTORY AND MEMORY OF HOSPITAL SITES. ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE “OLD” HOSPITAL IN TOPOĽČANY

70%
Tišliar P., Kačírek Ľ., Janto J.
Muzeológia a kultúrne dedičstvo
|
2020
|
vol. 8
|
issue 1
31 – 45
EN
This paper deals with the site of the old hospital in Topoľčany, which is listed among Slovakia’s national cultural sites. It combines selected historical and ethnological approaches to the research of the site and its structures with the aim of capturing its historical and ethnological links and values within an urban environment. The paper is an output of a scientific project featuring the cooperation of several scientific and research institutions which are active in the technical, social, and human sciences.
4

IMPERIAL CITIES AND THE SECOND HUSSITE WAR (1467–1471). USING THE EXAMPLE OF NUREMBERG: EFFORTS TO SUPPORT THE IMPERIAL CITIES IN THE WAR AGAINST THE BOHEMIAN KING

70%
Šandera M.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2023
|
vol. 12
|
issue 1
27 – 45
EN
Using the example of Nuremberg, the study follows the attempt to use imperial cities for the purpose of the pope and the Roman Curia to unseat the Utraquist George of Poděbrady from the Bohemian throne and launch a new crusade against the Czechs. It analyses their position as military powers and, to a lesser extent, intelligence centres, and shows the composition of city councils and their efforts to maintain independent political progress.
5

PROFESIONALIZÁCIA UHORSKÉHO MEŠTIANSTVA A ZAČIATKY BILDUNGSBÜRGERTUMU V MESTÁCH UHORSKÉHO KRÁĽOVSTVA

70%
Németh I.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
|
2022
|
vol. 70
|
issue 4
609–637
EN
In Hungarian historiography, the term “Bildungsbürgertum” is primarily used to describe the bourgeoisie of the 19th century, although German historiography dates the roots of the term back to the 16th and 17th centuries. The content of the term also differs between Hungarian and German historiography: Hungarian historiography, using primarily Péter Hanák‘s definition, uses the term to refer to the free-spirited intellectuals, while German historiography generally uses the term to refer to the educated intellectuals, including clergy, state officials, etc. I describe a process in the context of the ruling elite of the city of Košice that also indicates the extent to which the higher level of society was diverse. By the beginning of the 18th century, the elite in this city was made up of a very wide variety of persons of higher status, which I will show by means of a prosopographical analysis. However, the members of the elite were also very closely related, an analysis which I have carried out primarily on the basis of the registers of births. In the course of the analysis, I will show that even in this early phase of the Hungarian bourgeoisie, a qualified class of city leaders with knowledge of state administration was formed, or was beginning to form, which was very diverse in its social relations: it extended its network of contacts to the local bourgeoisie, the state official class and the local nobility. This heterogeneous group was bound together by a very mixed sense of order and occupation, which also created this socially distinct, intermediate layer.
6

MĚSTSKÉ KANCELÁŘE A JEJICH VÝZNAM PRO STUDIUM STŘEDOVĚKÝCH A RANĚ NOVOVĚKÝCH URBÁNNÍCH DĚJIN (NA PŘÍKLADU ČECH A MORAVY)

61%
Vojtíšková J.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2016
|
vol. 5
|
issue 1
28 – 50
EN
The study presented sets its aim as setting out the key themes and significance of the complex research of the municipal offices, using the example of Bohemia and Moravia, so the knowledge gained could become an indispensable base for further study of urban history. Despite the undoubted difficulty, which is placed on the researcher of research focused in this way, the reconstruction of the Hradec (Králové) municipal office activities to 1620 proved for instance that even with the greatly fragmentary nature of the material, it is possible to reach quite fundamental knowledge on the development of the Bohemian urban milieu, especially thanks to overcoming the formal diplomatic analysis and studies of the isolated sources and thanks to the use of knowledge from a number of historical disciplines. Another indisputable advantage is monitoring a longer time period of the development of the relevant office, which can easily reveal the progress or regress of the individual towns, that had not yet formed a homogeneous whole in Bohemia and Moravia even in the period of the Early Modern Period, namely not even in the case of royal towns. This certain individual nature is typical also for the area of municipal offices, the organizational structure of which and the method of keeping the documents reflect the importance and emancipation of the relevant urban milieu and generally also the number of its denizens. It was only the reform interventions of Maria Theresia and especially then Joseph II that created the new conditions for the development of municipal office practices and for their unification, which arose from the new classification of Bohemian and Moravian towns.
7

TOPOGRAPHY OF POWER: VENICE AND THE EASTERN ADRIATIC CITIES IN THE CENTURY FOLLOWING THE FOURTH CRUSADE

61%
Benyovsky Latin I.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2021
|
vol. 10
|
issue 1
6 - 47
EN
In the thirteenth century, in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade, Venice became an important power in the Mediterranean, which caused profound change in its political, territorial and economic ambitions. The main strategy of Venice was to maintain the sea route from the northernmost point in the Adriatic to the Levant, and therefore it was crucial to dominate politically over the Eastern Adriatic: the cities there could serve as points of departure or safe harbours in which Venetian vessels could be sheltered and supplied with merchandise, food, water, and manpower. One of the ways to incorporate the Eastern Adriatic cities into a common area of governance was to construct recognizable public buildings, and to introduce and standardize a legal and administrative order that was mainly adapted to the central political entity, but also served the local urban communities. This paper follows the changes that were directly or indirectly mirrored in the urban structure of the cities during the thirteenth century: primarily the design of urban spaces (especially public ones) and the construction of public buildings linked to governance, defence, trade or administration. During the thirteenth century, one can follow the development of Venetian ambitions and their focus on particular areas or activities (economic, military) in the state, as well as the activities of Venetian patricians holding the governor’s office. Naturally, the local circumstances and the local population had a crucial impact on the formation of urban space, but this paper focuses primarily on the role of the Venetian administration in this respect.
8

OBRAZ KOŠÍC V SLOVENSKEJ HISTORIOGRAFII V ROKOCH 1918 – 1938

61%
Ficeri O.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2015
|
vol. 4
|
issue 1
78 – 100
EN
The aim of the article is to reconstruct the image of the town of Košice produced by members of Slovak historiography, and by Czech historians working in Slovakia in the period of existence of the First Czechoslovak Republic (1918 – 1938). The article focuses on answering the questions: how was the „magyarized“ image of the town „slovakized“ by Czechoslovak historians, how they reflected on the pre-Trianon Magyarization of the town, how they referred to importance of Košice in the Hungarian nation narrative; which processes and events in the history of Košice were emphasised, and which were obeyed. The article deals with variety of strategies in picturing the town and in reinterpretation of the respective historical events in its history. It also attempts to evaluate what role Košice played in the constructed Czechoslovak national discourse. Finally, the article aims to explain reasons, why Košice in the inter-war period, despite becoming a strategic metropolitan hub of East Slovakia, was left in the peripheral position in the context of the Slovak national narrative.
9

ARISTOCRATIC ENCLAVES AS A FOREIGN LEGAL ELEMENT IN URBAN SPACE

61%
Starý M.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2022
|
vol. 11
|
issue 2
27 – 55
EN
Disciplination of the population in the medieval and early modern city may have been complicated by the presence of an alien element, which in the bourgeois environment was the nobility. In many cases, the nobility was able to acquire town houses and sometimes even managed to have them exempted from the jurisdiction of the municipal authorities and registered in the land tables. Be that as it may, these houses constituted legal enclaves of their kind. The study examines the legal conditions of these enclaves against the background of the legal developments in the Kingdom of Bohemia and Margraviate of Moravia in the fourteenth–seventeenth centuries and tries both to summarize the existing knowledge and to draw attention to some better though lesser-known sources that document this issue.
10

WATER SUPPLY TO THE SMALL CITIES IN THE NORTHERN REGION OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE, 1890–1910S (VOLOGDA, STARAYA RUSSA AND CHEREPOVETS)

61%
Agafonova A. B.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2020
|
vol. 9
|
issue 1
45 – 68
EN
The article is devoted to the analysis of the process of the organization of centralized water supply systems in small Russian towns at the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth century. The causes and the processes of pipeline building are described in the research in three small cities, each of which became significant transport hubs by 1914 and had populations of less than 50,000 people. The research interest in these towns is led by understanding how the transport position of small cities promoted the improvement of water supplies in them. It was essential due to the growth of the urban populations and increasing cases of cholera epidemics in transport-hub cities.
11

MORAVIAN COMPROMISE OF 1905: THE IMPLEMENTATION OF LEX PEREK IN TOWNS AFFECTED BY THE ETHNIC CONFLICT

61%
Pokludová A.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2022
|
vol. 11
|
issue 2
78 – 116
EN
The main goal of the presented study is to present the implementation of the lex Perek in the context of the national struggle for compulsory schooling in the example of Moravian cities, which in historical memory have become a symbol of the Czech–German ethnic conflict. At the regional level, the Moravian Compromise, concluded in 1905, contained four provincial laws for the most pressing areas of friction and supposed to blunt the edges of Czech–German conflict tensions. One of these was the lex Perek, which, in addition to the division of school authorities on the basis of nationality, introduced in § 20 the principle that a child should generally attend a school in whose language of instruction it was proficient. On the basis of primary and secondary sources (contemporary Czech and German press, records of meetings of the regional assembly, files of the regional school board, decrees of the Supreme Administrative Court), the study analyses and interprets conditions in Brno, Olomouc, Moravská Ostrava, Vítkovice and Znojmo through the lens of Czech national activists. It covers the development from the mid-seventies of the nineteenth century after the issuance of the lex Perek and then demonstrates in specific cities that the struggle for a child in the cities under study did not end with the implementation of the law.
12

REPRESENTATIONS OF SPACE AND “RESTORING ORDER” IN PETER ESCHENLOER’S WROCŁAW CHRONICLE

61%
Čapský M.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2022
|
vol. 11
|
issue 2
6 – 26
EN
The author analyses Peter Eschenloer’s Wrocław Chronicle from the second half of the fifteenth century. His interpretations are based on the theory of the relationship between power, space and representation. The Wrocław chronicler simultaneously defended the denial of the city’s obedience to the Bohemian king (who was in dispute with the pope) and condemned the riots provoked by the city’s municipality. The key part of the German-language version of Eschenloer’s chronicle takes place during a period when the town council faced a series of attacks to its authority. Eschenloer presents the reader with a “representation of (dis)order” in the form of the breakdown and disunity of the town and its consequences, laying groundwork that enables him to emphasize the legitimacy of the town councillors’ actions and present the bounds of their authority as inclusive of all public space.
13

PIONEERS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION IN WESTERN GALICIA: THE BARUCH FAMILY IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY

61%
Kozińska-Witt H.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2022
|
vol. 11
|
issue 2
56 – 77
EN
The article is a commentary on and supplement to an autobiographical text written by a descendant of a family of Jewish industrialists active in Podgórze and Krakow in the nineteenth century. The Baruchs who moved from supplies and trading to industrial operations. Although the factories producing flour, bread and building materials operated in the Krakow area, they mainly supplied the city and the Austrian army stationed there. The family achieved a high social status, which was manifested during public ceremonies. International and local competition led them to abandon their industrial activity.
14

NARVIK, A SWEDISH NORWEGIAN BORDER TOWN

61%
Aas S.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2019
|
vol. 8
|
issue 1
54 – 79
EN
This article gives an insight into the industrialization and colonization processes of northern Scandinavia. Urbanization due to industrialization is a vital part of the perspective, and brings us into an industrial mega system in Swedish Lapland in the late nineteenth century based on iron ore export. It was to be connected to the industrial centre of Europe, especially the Ruhrgebiet of Germany, and paved the way for a new kind of urban development in peripheral Europe – the industrial network town. The history and foundation of the Norwegian harbour town Narvik is vital for gaining insight into this mega system. By studying Narvik we can envisage particularities of, and similarities and differences between Norway and Sweden when it comes to their urban economic foundations, urban development/planning regimes, and the relations between the municipalities, the modern nation states and the dominating companies. Even the development of a uniquely Scandinavian identity connected with the labour movement and the development of a post-war social democrat order visibly results from the new industries. Thus the common Swedish-Norwegian figure of the rallar – something like navvy or construction worker – has a significant place in this study, and the use of the figure in addition to later processes of memory creation, both within the Norwegian and Swedish labour movements, is addressed.
15

HOUSING CONSTRUCTION AND THE ROLE OF THE NEIGHBOURHOOD UNIT IN LJUBLJANA UNDER SOCIALISM

61%
Piškurić J.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2022
|
vol. 11
|
issue 2
117 – 139
EN
After World War II, the improvement of housing conditions was one of the Yugoslav political and social care priorities. Although the guidelines for housing development were politically planned, the authorities had to adapt to the increasing demand of the growing population. The shift in housing policy from the 1960s made it possible for Slovenian architects to apply the idea of a neighbourhood unit in organized housing construction. Planned along major arterial roads into Ljubljana, the new neighbourhood units were envisaged to meet all the workers’ needs, offering housing with the infrastructure necessary for quality living. They never fully developed into social hubs with all public services; nevertheless, they still represented a huge change in quality of life. Over the decades, new neighbourhoods significantly changed the appearance of Ljubljana.
16

POST-WWII PURGE AND THE CHANGES IN THE CITY ADMINISTRATION IN THE TERRITORY OF SOUTHERN SLOVAKIA: A CASE STUDY OF KOŠICE

51%
Fogelová P.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2023
|
vol. 12
|
issue 1
84 – 104
EN
The paper addresses the changes in the city administration after the Second World War related to the process of purge in the territory of southern Slovakia, which between 1938 and 1945 was ceded to Hungary. I intend to examine the changes in the city administration of Košice, a city located on the Hungarian–Slovak ethnic border. Its inhabitants were confronted with anti-Hungarian policies after the war, handled by the local authorities – the members of the Administrative Commission and the National Committee. These members possessed extensive competences concerning the confiscation of the property of “Germans, Hungarians, traitors and collaborators”, land reform, the purge of public and political life, the establishment of national administrations, the restoration and reconstruction of the national economy and tasks in the social and health spheres. This also included legal measures against public and civil servants of Hungarian and German nationality, adopted by the Slovak National Council. In my research, I intend to answer a number of questions: How did the local authorities deal with the civil servants? Which civil servants were dismissed and which remained in place? What criteria were important for them to remain in their posts? Why did some of them continue to work for the city? In addition, how did the loyalty of these civil servants to the restored Czechoslovakia change?
17

TEÓRIE ETNICKEJ IDENTITY KANCHAN CHANDROVEJ A NÁRODNEJ INDIFERENCIE A MOŽNOSTI ICH UPLATNENIA PRI HISTORICKOM I ETNOLOGICKOM VÝSKUME JAZYKOVO-KULTÚRNE HETEROGÉNNEHO OBYVATEĽSTVA JUHOSLOVENSKÝCH REGIÓNOV A MIEST

51%
Ficeri O.
Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)
|
2016
|
vol. 64
|
issue 3
313 – 326
EN
Slovak and Hungarian social sciences have paid sufficient attention to research on the transformation of the ethnic identities of people living mainly in ethnically mixed regions and towns of Southern Slovakia. In the course of the 20th century, the affected population switched its ethnic identification codes depending on the assimilation political practices or the ethnic policy of the respective state authorities. The aim of this paper is to point out, through the theory of ethnic identity by political scientist Kanchan Chandra from New York (2012), the possibilities of applying an innovative analytical language to the historical and current research of assimilation processes, which enable a more exact grasping of the mechanisms of ethno-cultural changes in the Southern Slovakian region heterogenous in terms of language and culture. The inhabitants of this type of regions and towns were easily ethnicised given their potential to become holders of several types of nominal ethnic identities which were activated (assimilation) or deactivated (dissimilation) depending on the situation in various contexts of the daily public and private life. This “non-national” behaviour of the population (ethnical practice) had a causal influence on the current ethnic structure of the “lost” or “recovered” town, which can be interpreted as an expression of national indifference – the concept advocated by social scientists Tara Zahra, Jeremy King or Pieter Judson.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.