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Slezská města na raně novověkých vedutách

100%
Holá M.
Historická geografie (Historical Geography)
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2011
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vol. 37
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issue 1
49-67
EN
The greatest portion of the paper introduced the most important extant vedute of Silesian towns from the early modern era; such vedute became common in this region, as well as in other European regions, after the end of the 15th century (Schedel’s Chronicle 1493). But only during the two subsequent centuries their number increased (vedute by Georg Hayer, Braun-Hogenberg’s Atlas, Merian’s Topography etc.) and their number was the highest in the 18th century – a large set of views of Silesian towns by Fridrich Bernard Werner. The conclusion of the work briefly suggests various ways of the use of vedute in histo-rian’s work.
2

KULTURNÍ KRAJINA NA STARÝCH VYOBRAZENÍCH

75%
Šimůnek R.
Studia Historica Nitriensia
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2015
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vol. 19
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issue 1
3 – 19
EN
Designed landscapes were more or less a clear demonstration of status, power and entitlement in all time periods: in their relationship to the audience as well as the landscape itself. In this elementary framework, a medieval castle is a good analogy, visually commanding a landscape and embodying the political and military potential, or a baroque castle complex with extensive gardens, expressing the social status of its owner and his place in the contemporary hierarchy. The design of the landscape – adaptation of natural elements and (primarily) its cultivation and combination with architecture – can be generally regarded as a status symbol. It is evident that the interplay of the ideal and reality affected also a contemporary vedute (views / prospects) of towns, manor houses with designed micro-worlds of manorial gardens, as well as cultural landscapes. Depictions of individual types of environments, landscape frameworks and landscape compositions were based on general idealized models of environments, into which painters and engravers inserted real panoramata of towns and villages as well as other structures (such as castles and chateaux, manor houses and whatever else might interest the public), and did so with greater or lesser degree of adaptation or, if we prefer, invention. This study presents fundamental characteristics of the given genre on selected examples from Bohemia around the year 1700 (pictorial maps, manuscript and printed prospects of cultural landscape with architecure).
3

Borchiana versus Siciliana. Grafa Borha Sicilijas celojums un ta reminiscences literatura un maksla

51%
Taimina A.
Makslas Vesture un Teorija
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2013
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vol. 16
5-17
EN
Michal Jan Borch (full name Michal Jan Alois Anton Borch, 1753-1810), christened in Varaklani on 1 July 1753, was a natural scientist and writer whose name is recognized in Europe and inscribed in the history of science. To understand Borch’s personality, it is important to consider his wide scope of interests and education-based competence. He was well versed in classical literature, poetry and history, had studied the basics of botany, physics, mathematics, architecture and land surveying as well as drawing, music and several languages. Borch wrote his works in French in which he was fluent and even Voltaire is said to have praised the young Borch’s mastery of French. His correspondence is also mainly in French, including letters to his father and mother. On an everyday level, the Count communicated and wrote in Polish and German; he also learned English and Italian, and wrote verse in French, Italian and Latvian. Borch had a scholarly interest in natural resources and the population of other countries, very typical of Enlightenment-era nobility and intellectuals. This enthusiasm was fully developed during his research travels. In his early twenties, he toured Germany, France, Switzerland and Italy from 1774 to 1778, and then set out for Holland and England in 1790. He was captivated most by two Mediterranean islands Sicily and Malta, describing them with much fervour. Months spent in Sicily (23 September 1776 - 25 April 1777) provided diverse research material for seven books printed in Italy, which describe the nature of Sicily, Malta and Italy - stones, ancient monuments and people combined with historical, natural and anthropological aspects.
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