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Viatikum v reformě 2. vatikánského koncilu*

100%
Bugel W.
Studia theologica
|
2006
|
vol. 8
|
issue 2
16-24
EN
The paper shows progress of the rite of Viaticum in the Roman liturgy from the ancient Christian centuries to the time of convening the Second Vatican Council. Then it concentrates on the proposals of liturgical reform of the Conciliar preparatory commission and on the suggestions on this matter from the Conciliar liturgical commission. In its third part, it undertakes the question of the preparation of the new rite of giving Viaticum and finally, it presents the outcome of this component of liturgical reform.
2
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Eucharistia pre život večný v byzantskej tradícii

88%
Mojzeš M.
Studia theologica
|
2006
|
vol. 8
|
issue 3
62-72
EN
This article offers a study about the praxis of viaticum in the Byzantine tradition. At the beginning it is shown that in the first centuries the term viaticum (in Greek efodion) was not used exclusively for the Eucharist received in the last moments of the terrestrial life. The first part of the article deals with four hagiographical fonts: the biographies of St. Melany, of St. Mary of Egypt, of St. Anthony the Great, and of St. Macrina. In the earlier biographies (St. Anthony and St. Macrina), there is no mention of the Eucharist as viaticum. But it does not mean that St. Anthony and St. Macrina did not receive the Eucharist at the end of their terrestrial lives. Furthermore, in these earlier biographies, there is no mention of the Eucharist in general. On the other side, in the posterior biographies (St. Melany and St. Mary of Egypt), we can find the exact mention of the Eucharist as viaticum. After this hagiographical context, the second part of the article deals with the Byzantine liturgical texts of the divine liturgy of St. John Chrysostom and St. Basil the Great. In the Byzantine lex orandi the Eucharist is perceived as efodion, not only in relation to the last moments of the terrestrial life, but every Eucharist is received as a 'food for a journey to the eternal life,' because every Christian is called to be on this journey in every moment of his life.
3
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Kánon na odchod duše človeka – prirodzená starostlivosť Cirkvi o jej člena

75%
Sak S.
Studia theologica
|
2006
|
vol. 8
|
issue 2
36-42
EN
The article deals with the prayers and liturgical rituals that are used in relation to a person who is dying or has already died. The prayers and canons, that we discuss here, relate to people who have not yet attained the peace, which is offered in the heavenly kingdom and to those that have yet to struggle with death during their final moments. The Greek word 'agonia' describes a sporting contest or, in theological terms, a spiritual combat and race. This word is also used in relation to a person who is dying, but still displays signs of life. The dying person is thus in agony and is struggling with death. During this period, the Church offers help in the form of the sacraments, such as the Eucharist, repentance, and prayers. The sacraments and prayers offer hope for eternal life and life in the Kingdom of God.
4
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Teologický obsah modliteb v obřadech viatika v současné římské liturgii

75%
Kopeček P.
Studia theologica
|
2006
|
vol. 8
|
issue 2
25-35
EN
For a Roman Catholic, in addition to the prayers one can say for the sick and dying, the last sacrament is actually the Eucharist (communion) in the form of Viaticum. Among the ancient Greeks, the custom prevailed of giving a supper to those setting out on a journey. This was called hodoiporion. The provision of all things necessary for such a journey, i.e. food, money, clothes, utensils and expense, was called ephodion. The adjectival equivalent in Latin of both these words is viaticus, i.e. 'of or pertaining to a road or journey'. All, even children who have reached the age of reason, are bound by Divine precept to receive the Viaticum when they are in danger of death. Formerly, Viaticum was usually administered under the species of bread, because the Blessed Sacrament, which was to be carried to the house of the dying person, was customarily reserved under this form only.
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