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CAUSES OF VOTER TURNOUT CHANGE IN POLAND: EXAMPLES OF PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS IN 2005 AND 2007 (Przyczyny zmiany frekwencji wyborczej w Polsce: przyklady wyborów parlamentarnych w 2005 i 2007 roku)

100%
Czesnik M.
Studia Socjologiczne
|
2009
|
issue 3(194)
27-52
EN
The aim of this article is to discuss causes of voter turnout change in Poland. Polish National Election Study data for the 2005 and 2007 parliamentary elections are used. The article presents theoretical model of voter turnout change. Then it proposes research design for investigating voter turnout dynamics and two alternative hypotheses explaining this phenomenon. First explains voter turnout change by referring to macro level processes, second emphasises the role of micro level dynamics. Empirical analyses suggest that voter turnout changes in Poland occur first of all due to micro level changes (transitions from voting to abstention or vice versa), and not because of macro level processes (changes within the electorate structure). Instability of voter turnout is not random - there are many statistically significant correlates of this phenomenon, such as gender, age, satisfaction with democracy.
2
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VOLEBNÍ ÚČAST A JEJÍ DETERMINANTY VE STARÝCH A NOVÝCH DEMOKRACIÍCH EVROPY

88%
Nový M.
Sociológia (Sociology)
|
2013
|
vol. 45
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issue 2
195 – 228
EN
Despite more than twenty years of freedom is voter turnout in successfully democratized post-communist countries far below the average of West European democracies. This article handles with two macro-theories, societal modernization theory and institutionalism. These ordinary approaches generally assume that more advanced communities offering stronger positive institutional incentives will have higher rate of political involvement. Based on these theories, nine possible determinants which can affect turnout were chosen – human development, non-agrarian population, urbanization, parliamentarism, direct vote of the president, closeness, electoral system proportionality, population size and compulsory voting. Moreover, the author ś study supplements classical theories with factor of post-communism. It emphasizes that communist legacy per se brings important condition for (non-)participation. The principal objective of this article is to trace the importance of post-communism compared with other factors which can cause differences in aggregate voter participation among European democracies and to demonstrate that post-communism works as some kind of condition for certain factors – it can change their intensity and direction. The author examines turnout in 213 national lower house elections held in 36 European countries. Regression analysis enriched by interaction effects is used to estimate the explanatory model.
3
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CIVIC PARTICIPATION: TRENDS, PROBLEMS AND CONTEXTS (Obcianska participacia: trendy, problemy, suvislosti)

88%
Butorova Z., Gyarfasova O.
Sociológia (Sociology)
|
2010
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vol. 42
|
issue 5
447-491
EN
The article focuses on the development of civic participation in Slovakia after the fall of communism in 1989, emphasizing the context of the dominant political culture and the challenges of transition. The authors base their analysis on rich empirical material from representative sociological surveys conducted from 1994 to 2010. Examining trends in the degree of citizens' engagement in various forms of participation as well as the changes in their potential for future participation, the authors present an empirical typology of the modes of civic participation. They explore the overall and mean rates of participation amongst various socio-demographic and socio-economic groups, which allows them to illustrate the unequal distribution of civic participation in Slovak society. The analysis demonstrates that active citizenship is more frequent amongst individuals who have a stronger interest in politics, who generally are more trusting, and who identify more strongly both with the goals of deliberative democracy and the economic and political changes after 1989. Civic participation is more widespread among individuals associated with various types of voluntary organizations. In the last part of the article, the authors pay in particular attention to the trends and determinants of voter turnout after 1990.
4

ON THE TRANSFORMATION OF ELECTORAL POITICS AND THE CHOICE OF A PARTICULAR COUNTRY OF THEIR METHODS TO INCERASE THE VOTER TURNOUT

75%
Marmilova E.
Studia Politica Slovaca: časopis pre politické vedy, najnovšie politické dejiny a medzinárodné vzťahy
|
2020
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vol. 13
|
issue 1
51 – 58
EN
Ensuring voter turnout in the elections is becoming a new urgent problem for leading politicians in Europe and the world. In the article, the author reveals a new trend in electoral politics: the use of restrictive models and qualification characteristics in Russia and in some foreign states to solve the problem of legitimization and delegation of political power in case of low turnout. The thematic range of the study concerns the specialized discussion within the Russian Federation. In the article, the author gives examples of restrictive models and qualification characteristics. These are the methods and mechanisms used by each country individually in order to increase the voter turnout. The author of the article came with the following conclusions. In Russia and in some foreign states, an identical tendency is observed for the emergence of new increasing models of voter turnout and the abolition of qualification characteristics, with the exception of those countries where participation in elections is mandatory. Thus, voter turnout is increasing in a safe manner for the state and for voters.
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