Search results - CEJSH

1

ŽENSKÉ OBRAZY BULHARSKEJ IDENTITY NA SLOVENSKU

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Mateeva V.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2010

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vol. 17

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issue 1-2

122 – 134

EN

The contribution focuses on identification of Bulgarian living in the territory of Slovakia. It deals with the symbol of “being Bulgarian”, ethnicity, place of birth, and personal experiences. Basic ethno-cultural issues such as Bulgaria as a state or territory, Bulgarian language, material things, traditional cuisine, Bulgarian festivals are the target of our research. From realised interviews the author selected those opinions and impressions, which are connected with studied topic.

2

Self-regulatory resources as predictors of eating behavior change in overweight women participating in a weight-reduction program

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Oginska-Bulik N.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

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2005

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vol. 36

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issue 1

35-42

EN

The main purpose of the study was to investigate whether self-regulatory expectations, volition properties, emotions, and coping with stress contribute to the prediction of eating behavior change in overweight women who participated in weight-reduction program. One hundred and six overweight women aged 35-55 years - (average BMI=32.01) participated in three waves of the study, before the implementation of the weight-reduction program, 2 and 6 months later. Six measures were employed: Eating Behaviours Questionnaire, Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, Life Orientation Test, Kuhl's Action Control Scale, State-Trait Personality Inventory and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations. The participants changed their eating behaviors (they reduced tendency to overeating and body weight). The findings support the crucial role of self-regulatory personal resources, namely coping, emotions, expectations and volitional properties in eating behavior change.

3

UNDERNEATH LANGUAGE AND GENDER IN AHLAM MOSTEGHANEMI ALGERIAN POSTCOLONIAL NOVEL DHAKIRAT AL-DJASAD

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Lehr-Splawinska E.

Rocznik Orientalistyczny

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2008

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vol. 61

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issue 2

69-81

EN

Despite a strong position of the postcolonial theory in the world, the contemporary Arabic literature has long remained beside the postcolonial critics' interest. Refering to the most recently works in field of postcolonial arabic novel, such as A l - M u s a w i's 'The Postcolonial Arabic Novel: Debating Ambivalence' (2003), C a i a n i's 'Contemporary Arab Fiction' (2007) and M e y e r's 'The Experimental Arabic Novel: Postcolonial Literary Modernism in the Levant' (2001), Ahlam M o s t e g h a n e m i's 'Dakirat al-gasad' has been reviewed in terms of post-Mahfouzian and postcolonial notions. The novel has been particularly analyzed regarding two important issues of postcolonial studies such as language and gender.

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VEREJNÁ ODBORNÁ ŠKOLA PRE ŽENSKÉ POVOLANIA V NITRE A JEJ ČINNOSŤ V ROKOCH 1939-1945

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Sozanská N.

Studia Historica Nitriensia

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2014

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vol. 18

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issue 1

76 – 91

EN

The regime of the first Slovak Republic saw Slovak woman mainly as a mother whose place was in the household. The main duty of a woman was to take care of a household, husband and to raise children. The education and upbringing supposed to prepare girls for this role. The vocational school for women in Nitra provided a general and special education for a family. For example the school provided a study of housework such as tailoring clothes and it was also preparation for the higher level of education of women vocational schools. This kind of education was considered the most appropriate for women. This contribution depicts the activity, organization, aims and tasks of the public vocational school for women in Nitra in 1939-1945.

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ŽENY A ŠTRUKTÚRA ČESKOSLOVENSKÉHO MINISTERSTVA ZAHRANIČIA

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Kičková A.

Studia Historica Nitriensia

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2014

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vol. 18

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issue 1

15 – 22

EN

This article outlines the development of the Czechoslovak Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ organizational structure since 1918. It is emphasing the participation of women in the Ministry.

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INTERNALIZATION OF THE THIN IDEAL AS A CAUSAL RISK FACTOR AND A MEDIATOR OF INTERVENTION EFFECTS ON EATING DISORDER SYMPTOMS IN WOMEN

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Pavlisová E., Orosová O.

Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied

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2020

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vol. 23

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issue 2

11 – 28

EN

The current cultural definition of female beauty is a source of pressure placed on women to attain extremely thin figures. Incorporation of this standard into how a woman thinks she should look, a desire to attain it and engagement in appearance-invested behaviours refer to the construct of thin-ideal internalization. Three prominent socio-cultural theories of the development of eating disorders propose the impact of internalization of the thin ideal on body image. These are: the socio-cultural model of eating disorders, the tripartite influence model and the objectification theory. Thin-ideal internalization is a widely recognized risk factor in eating disorders in women. Kraemer´s typology of risk factors provides clarification of the terms correlate, fixed marker, variable risk factor, variable marker and causal risk factor for the certain outcome.

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MOURNING RITUALS OF WOMEN IN ANCIENT ISRAEL AND THEIR MEANING

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Imrich M., Lapko R.

Slavica Slovaca

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2020

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vol. 55

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issue 3

417 – 426

EN

It is commonly held among specialists on ancient Near East that women in ancient Israel did not have much space in official public sphere. However, biblical texts witness to their special role as mourners. This paper presents some terminological considerations regarding the mourning women as presented in the Hebrew Bible (esp. Jer 9,16-21), the rituals that accompanied mourning, and the meaning of these women for society. Furthermore, the paper considers the role of the mourning women in the cultic life (Ez 8,14). Finally, a particular attention will be paid to Ritzpah, a special case of a mourning woman in the Bible (2 Sam 21,1-14).

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ODBORNÉ ŠKOLY PRE ŽENSKÉ POVOLANIA 1922-1934

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Kičková A.

Studia Historica Nitriensia

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2015

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vol. 19

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issue 2

279 – 288

EN

Following article describes organization of specialized schools for women stated in Normal Organizational Statute of Specialized Schools for Female Professions in 1922 and 1934. It described instructions about the administration, teachers and students.

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ŽENY JAKO STAROSTKY: POLITICKÁ REPREZENTACE ŽEN VE VEDENÍ SLOVENSKÝCH OBCÍ PO KOMUNÁLNYCH VOLBÁCH V ROCE 2010

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Maškarinec P.

Annales Scientia Politica

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2018

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vol. 7

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issue 2

6 – 17

EN

The paper analyses women’s representation at the local level in Slovakia, or at the level of all (almost three thousand) Slovak municipalities, respectively. We focus on determinants of women’s descriptive representation in mayoral offices and how various factors (socioeconomic, cultural, or political) affect women’s political representation at this level. The main findings of the paper are that education or cultural factors (Catholicism and share of the population with Hungarian nationality) had only very limited effect on women’s representation, in contrast to the much stronger negative effect of the municipality size, which significantly decreased number of women in the position of Slovak mayors. However, we show that the strongest effect on women’s chances to be elected to the position of the mayor is whether women held mayoral post in a given municipality in a previous electoral term. This factor strongly favours women in following mayoral elections and at the same time it explained almost all variance in the dependent variable.

10

ŽENY V UČEBNICIACH DEJEPISU

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Kičková A.

Studia Historica Nitriensia

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2013

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vol. 17

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issue 2

207 – 211

EN

For a long time women were hidden in curriculum of history subject that focused mainly on the public domain. Undoubtedly women have played an important role in history. This article examines women’s history and a narrative in history textbooks currently used in the Slovak Republic and introduces some examples from other countries.

11

Londyn Stefanii Kossowskiej, czyli „moje miasto w obcym kraju”

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Karwowska B.

Białostockie Studia Literaturoznawcze

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2012

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vol. 3

7-21

EN

The article deals with the issue of immigrants' assimilation into an urban space which is for them at once alien and their own. Stefania Kossowska's collection of essays from London allows just such a look at the so-called Polish London. It also allows an initiation of a discussion of numerous important issues related to the interaction between the city, history, and cultures of its inhabitants

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EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC VALUE OF THE MUSEUM COLLECTION FOR TEACHING OF ART HISTORY AT THE HISTORY AND PHILOLOGY FACULTY OF THE HIGHER WOMEN’S (BESTUZHEV) COURSES IN ST. PETERSBURG – PETROGRAD AT THE TURN OF THE XIX-XX CENTURIES

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Vakhromeeva O.

Muzeológia a kultúrne dedičstvo

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2018

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vol. 6

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issue 1

43 – 53

EN

The article is devoted to the creation and functioning of the museum collection of the History and Philology Faculty of the Bestuzhev Courses, connected with the educational and scientific activities of the girl-students. The author analyses archival and published sources on the history of the educational institution. The problem of staging seminars on the history of art is considered from the practical point of view, as they allowed scientists in pre-revolutionary Russia to acquire the necessary vocational training for the first graduated women.

13

Edukacyjne i zawodowe kariery kobiet w Polsce

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Raczkiewicz D., Dolecka M.

Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i prognozy

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2013

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issue 1(31)

33-44

EN

Both women and men in their lives have at least two careers: educational and professional. These careers can differ according to gender. The aim of this paper is to analyze educational and professional career differences between men and women using some macro indicators to correlate these two career indicators, as well as to investigate the diversity of the indicators among regions in Poland and other European Union countries, and to establish the position of Poland within the EU with respect to these indicators.

14

WHAT BEING A WOMAN IN POLAND MEANS - THE NATIONAL IDENTITY OF WOMEN OVER 50 YEARS OF AGE IN POLAND

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Stelmaszczyk J.

Dyskursy Młodych Andragogów / Adult Education Discourses

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2008

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vol. 9

265-275

EN

The paper analyses the research material collected during seven interviews with women of 50+ years of age conducted by students of the University of Lódz specializing in adult education. The aim of the research was to define the factors which influence the concept of national identity. The information was collected on the basis of the following questions: What does it mean to be a Pole and a woman to you?; What does the concept of patriotism mean to you?; When did you feel that you are a Polish woman?; What do you understand by 'Polish identity' and how was this 'Polish identity' shaped? On the one hand the analysis is based on the theoretical model of national identity developed by P. Boski and on the other hand by a paper written by Jolanta Mikulska in which the authoress presents the criteria which identify the national identity as one of the elements of the social identity of individual people. The feedback presented proves, that the respondents treat the struggle for the independence of one's country as the primary and the most important task of patriots. This attitude defined by heroism and martyrdom, which constitute the pattern of a citizen seems to be typical of less educated persons. While responding to the questionnaire - the image of a Polish woman occurs to be equated with Catholicism, patriotism, good cooking, admiration for Polish nature, and devotion to bringing up children. None of the respondents mentioned professional career, and only one mentioned social activity as an element of citizenship. It seems therefore, that the Polish identity is still understood as martyrdom and there is little space in it for everyday work for the benefit of the country.

15

Českoslovenští legionáři na Rusi a jejich pohled na ženy v letech 1914–1920

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Vacha D.

Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)

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2009

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vol. 17

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issue 1

35-66

EN

The Czechoslovak legionnaires in Russia often met local women. They paid attention not only to their faces, but also to their character. The social status of women was also important. Most of the contacts were of short duration. In some cases, however, long-term relationships and even weddings also occurred. The most frequent forms were single contacts with prostitutes. This brought about the danger of contagious illnesses, particularly in Siberia and the Far East ravaged by the civil war. Nevertheless, some 'serious' relationships survived and many legionnaires brought their wives or girlfriends back to their home

16

PREDICTING WOMEN’S SOCIAL MEDIA INFIDELITY: FACEBOOK ADDICTION, RELATIONSHIP SATISFACTION, AND MORAL DISENGAGEMENT

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Maftei A., Solomon A. M., Holman A. C.

Studia Psychologica

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2022

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vol. 64

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issue 2

173 - 187

EN

The current research explored the predictive power of an adapted version of the Moral Disengagement Scale, focused exclusively on online behaviours, along with age, relationship length and type (i.e., close or long-distance), Facebook addiction, and relationship satisfaction. Our sample consisted of 111 young heterosexual Romanian women aged 18 to 36 (M = 20.64, SD = 3.27). Hierarchical regression analysis suggested that the most important predictor of social media infidelity was Facebook addiction. None of the other considered predictors were significant in our final prediction model. However, a significant negative association emerged between social media infidelity and relationship satisfaction, suggesting that low relationship satisfaction might be a fertile ground for infidelity and social media addiction. Our model accounted for 18.3% of the variance in women’s social media infidelity. Results are discussed considering self-justification mechanisms and self-serving attributions to infidelity.

17

JEDNODETNOSŤ A ŽENY S JEDNÝM DIEŤAŤOM NA SLOVENSKU. KTORÉ ŽENY MAJÚ „LEN“ JEDNO DIEŤA?

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Šprocha B., Tišliar P.

Sociológia (Sociology)

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2022

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vol. 54

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issue 5

464 – 497

EN

Families with one child are not a very common phenomenon in Slovakia from a historical point of view. The model of early and almost universal motherhood was accompanied by a significant inclination towards a family of two or more children. However, in younger cohorts we identify a gradual growing trend. Despite this trend, knowledge about one-child families in Slovakia is considerably limited. The aim of this paper is a detailed analysis of the historical development of one-child families and its possible development in cohorts of women born since the mid-1970s, whose reproductive behaviour has been most affected by the society-wide transformation of the last three decades. In the next section, we focus on the question of which women in Slovakia more often had one child. Based on census data, we identify differences in the representation of women with one child by marital status, education, nationality, religion and place of residence. The obtained results confirm that especially in cohorts of women born in the 1970s, we can expect relatively dynamic growth of one-child families up to the limit of one quarter. Towards younger cohorts, their share could gradually decline, especially given the expected increase in childlessness. In terms of existing differences, the results confirmed a more frequent one-child model among women with higher education, divorced women, people living in large cities, an in the Bratislava region. Slightly more often, women without religion, women of Protestant and Evangelical religion, as well as women of Hungarian ethnicity had one child.

18

KOBIETY W KULTURZE I RELIGII SPOŁECZNOŚCI ŻYDOWSKIEJ W ŚWIETLE KSIĄG MACHABEJSKICH

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BARAN G.

Studia Ełckie

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2014

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vol. 16

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issue 3

391-426

EN

Analyzing the contents of the Books of the Maccabees (1-2Macc canonical and 3-4Macc apocryphal) it can be noted that their authors – on the canvas of the story associated with the revolt of the Maccabees and the persecution of the Jewish community – also touched upon issues of the presence and role of women in the religion and culture of ancient Israel in Hellenistic times. Although women mentioned by the authors women are anonymous, one can, however, learn a lot about their lives in this period. The authors in fact give different information about the women of different status: young girls, virgins/unmarried maidens, wives, mothers, widows, grandmothers as well as prostitutes. Of particular note are women who demonstrated heroism in defense of God’s Law. The mother of seven sons, presented in 2Macc and 4Macc, stands out in this respect as – for the fidelity to the Law – she suffered a martyr’s death, encouraging earlier her own sons to assume the same attitude. To sum up, one can conclude that women in the Jewish community of the time, which was clearly dominated by men, played important roles and in certain circumstances were able to do heroic deeds.

19

Testamenty kobiet z I księgi konsystorza pułtuskiego z 1509 roku

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Starczewska E.

Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej

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2011

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vol. 59

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issue 3-4

313-317

EN

The article discusses six women’s testaments from 1509 registered in the first book of the consistory in Pułtusk, which covers the years 1506-1518. The first part presents the testators’ social status and family situation. Three of the testators were noblewomen, two were burghers, in one case the testament does not specify the testator’s social class. Three of the women were married, two were widowed and one was a spinster; none of the testaments mentions any offspring. The testaments were analysed according to a questionnaire based on the fixed elements of such documents, which included: the title and invocation, the time, place and circumstances of drawing up the testament, lists of witnesses and executors, entrusting one’s soul and body, and instructions concerning one’s property. With little exceptions, the testaments discussed followed the above scheme. All but one contain a title and invocation, which specify the testator’s place of residence, adding the formula In nomine Domini Amen. All specify the time of writing the document, although the actual formulations differ. In one case, when the testament was drawn up by a notary summoned to the testator’s house, the text specifies the year of the present pope’s pontificate and the hour of its writing. Only three of the testaments name the place where they were drawn up, but all of them specify the circumstances. It is always stressed that the testators are facing death or disease; in four cases it is mentioned that the aim is to prevent disagreements between inheritors. The witnesses were usually chosen among the testator’s equals; in one case only a noblewoman’s testament was authenticated by a peasant. The witnesses and executors were relatives or neighbours, and the executors usually also had a share in the inheritance, which may have influenced their efficiency. All the testaments contain a short formula of entrusting one’s soul, but only four mention funeral arrangements. The testators were primarily concerned about legacies. Particularly important were pious legacies, which are included in five of the testaments. They were aimed at paying for exequies and Gregorian masses, and the beneficiaries were usually the testators’ parish churches. Other legacies were meant for relatives, and sometimes servants and friends. All the legacies were left to people living within a close distance of the testators (up to 20 km). The testaments described did not yet have a very elaborate form, also in comparison to men’s last wills from the same year. Only one contained a list of the debts owned by and to the testator, only one included an elaborate dating formula specifying the hour of its drawing up, only half of them specified the place where they were written down, not all contained instructions about the body. Each of them, however, reveals interesting details from the testator’s life and helps to find out what people and institutions were particularly close to her.

20

Dynamika domácích prací z globálního hlediska

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Hendlova T.

Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)

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2007

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vol. 8

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issue 1

6-13

EN

The article covers the topic of women's migration from poorer countries to the so called First World to provide domestic work and care giving. On the one hand, their movement is caused by the demand for domestic labor in rich countries where double career couples resolve the dilemma of reconciliation of public and private spheres by externalization of domestic work. On the other hand, the supply is significant. Migration and provision of domestic service is often the only survival strategy available to women from developing countries due to high unemployment and few working opportunities. The practice of hiring a migrant as domestic worker creates global care chains (Hochschild, 2001) that connect women engaged in care giving - those who are postponing it and those who are providing it. Migrant women hold an unequal position in these chains. They comprise a cheap labor in the informal private sector and so are vulnerable to abusive treatment. To tackle such discrimination, the patriarchal system stereotyping both women's and men's roles has to be challenged on the both sides of the care chain: in the developed as well developing countries.

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