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EN
The paper deals with the origin of an episode recorded by Zosimus, in which the Emperor Valentinian I, following an intervention by Vettius Agorius Praetextatus, revoked his own constitution abolishing nocturnal sacrifices. The authorship of the episode is generally ascribed to Eunapius of Sardis, in the paper, however, the possibility is examined of the authorship of Nicomachus Flavianus through his unpreserved annales. The author finds this possibility acceptable, and hence he is further elaborating on the eventual consequences for our knowledge of these annales.
EN
(Polish title: Walka panstwa rzymskiego z poganstwem i herezja w oczach poznoantycznych historykow: Filostorgiosa, Sokratesa, Sozomenosa, Teodoreta i Zosimosa). The article is a reflection on the politics of Roman Christian emperors against heretics and pagans, as presented in the Ecclesiastical Histories by Philostorgius, Socrates, Sozomenus and Theodoretus, as well as in the New History by Zosimus. The research is focused not only on similarities and differences in the approach towards this aspect in the enumerated works, but also on comparison of the picture revealed in the analysis with the one based on the Theodosian Code. As it is stated in the conclusion, the two pictures are not contradictory, though historians highlight only selected aspects of the process being described here. Sozomenus is the only one really interested in the impact of law on reality, while all of them contribute to our knowledge of law execution. Historians provide us with more valuable and reliable source when law in practice is included in their descriptions than when they deliberately try to convince the reader about a certain legal state.
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