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THE EFFICIENCY OF DEFENSIVE GAME OF FOOTBALL TEAMS DURING THE EUROPEAN CHAMPIONSHIPS IN 2012

100%
Soroka A., Stuła A.
Roczniki Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Wychowania Fizycznego i Turystyki w Białymstoku
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2016
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issue 2(16)
77-83 s.
EN
The aim of this paper was to determine the efficiency of defensive actions against basic elements of football game such as shots, passes and ball possession. Moreover, the purpose of this study was to define the game efficiency indexes. The multidimensional analyses, on the other hand, were to define the hierarchy of importance of defensive actions. The research material was conducted by analyzing the game of 277 football players taking part in 31 football matches played in the European Championships in 2012. The research material was obtained on the basis of a computerized game tracking system, Prozone. It was shown that players of winning teams had higher values of indicators of efficiency and shots reliability, higher activity and efficiency of passes as well as higher indicator of ball possession. A high dynamic for changes in shots, ball passes and ball possession was found among winning and losing teams. Such dynamic did not appear in the case of defensive actions’ analysis. The values of four above-mentioned indicators for defensive actions, presented in the form of activity indexes, have not recognized any relevant differences between the analyzed groups of teams, what indicates higher tactical stability of defensive game. The current availability of data from the observation allows for deeper understanding of tactical actions and their use in the game.
PL
Celem pracy było określenie efektywności wykonania działań o charakterze defensywnym, na tle podstawowych elementów gry w piłkę nożną, jakimi są strzały, podania i posiadanie piłki. Starano się również wyznaczyć indeksy efektywności gry, a wielowymiarowe analizy miały określić hierarchię ważności działań defensywnych. Materiał badawczy stanowiła analiza gry 277 piłkarzy biorący udział w 31 meczach rozegranych podczas Mistrzostw Europy w 2012. Materiał badawczy uzyskano w oparciu o skomputeryzowany system śledzenia gry Prozone. Wykazano, iż gracze zespołów zwycięskich posiadali wyższe wartości wskaźników skuteczności i niezawodności strzałów, wyższą aktywność i skuteczność podań oraz wyższą wartość wskaźnika posiadania piłki. Stwierdzono dużą dynamikę zmian w strzałach, podaniach piłki i posiadaniu piłki wśród zespołów zwycięskich i pokonanych. Takiej dynamiki nie wykazano w przypadku analizy działań o charakterze defensywnym. Wielkości czterech badanych wskaźników aktywności działań defensywnych, przedstawionych w postaci indeksów aktywności, nie rozpoznały istotnych różnic pomiędzy analizowanymi grupami zespołów, co wskazuje na wyższą taktyczną stabilność gry defensywnej. Obecna dostępność danych z obserwacji, pozwala na głębsze zrozumienie działań taktycznych i ich wykorzystanie w grze.
2
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Umiejętności pozycjonowania gry w tenisie ziemnym. Pragmatyczne studium indywidualnych przypadków

80%
Nowak M.
Rozprawy Naukowe Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu
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2014
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vol. 44
85-92
EN
The aim of the research is to identify positioning skills of a contestant, based on original criteria of activities assessment, from the point of view of their diversity and the degree of the risk involved. The basis of the presented concept of research is the division which takes into consideration the accuracy of a player’s action who is able to create scoring situation at a given moment of a match as well as controlling the positioning of the game or counteracting the actions of his opponent. The main subject of interest in this case is so-called positioning, which constitutes the essential “substance” of events taking place in the field, at least in its voluminal aspect. The presented paper constitutes an element of development of a wider research concept, which enriches the theory of sports games in their praxeological dimension. In future, the aim of similar analysis will focus on a pragmatic aspect which could be implemented, however, at the present stage the results are of theoretical value only.
3
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Skuteczność działań podczas rozgrywania stałych fragmentów gry na przykładzie zawodniczek najwyższego poziomu sportowego w tenisie

80%
Lewandowski M., Świst Ł.
Rozprawy Naukowe Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu
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2013
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issue 42
71-79
EN
Background. Tactics is a crucial part of the game at all levels of play, but it seems of absolute importance at a professional level. In fact, among the reasons why top players have improved their game so much during the last few years have been both their ability to analyze their opponents and their adeptness at applying all of the tactical concepts them have learned in the match play. This is what the authors call “tactical maturity”. The goal of this study is to find a new way of the tennis game observation. Material and methods. The observation data were collected from the game between Maria Sharapowa and Agnieszka Radwanska who met in the final of the Indian Wells played in Miami in 2012. A research tool was a data registration checklist designed by the authors which included the description of the chosen variables and criteria enabling their quantification. The collected results were presented in tables and indexes. Results. The criteria proposed in the sheet included the game situation, which enables players to create point-scoring situations by applying: 1. tactical actions to achieve various point-scoring situations, 2. a vast variety of strokes to win the point or create a point-scoring situation, 3. creation of the game in the point position (spatial flexibility). Hence, the player should be taught such efficient activities during the game. Conclusion. Nowadays, players who play tennis at the world top level are characterized by a high level of game situation oriented on scoring the point in the first shot, or in the next one.
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