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A concept “Riphaean Mountains” in ancient geocartography: myth, cosmology, symbol and/or reality?

100%

Podossinov A.

Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development

2019

vol. 23

issue 3

194-198

One of the most mysterious concepts in ancient geography are the Riphaean Mountains that had for centuries been the object of mythological, cosmological, geographic, cartographic, and poetic discourses. Having originated as a designation of the northern (in relation to Greece) Thracian mountain, the name in the course of time became attached to the mountains located in the extreme north of the oecumene. Cosmological ideas explaining the rising of the earth's surface to the north, the passage of the sun after sunset through the northern outskirts of the oecumene behind the Riphaean Mountains eastward, and many others were associated with these mountains. In ancient literature the Riphaean Mountains are often associated with a blessed people of the Hyperboreans who seemed to live beyond the Riphaean Mountains in a particularly favorable climate. In this paper the attempts of ancient cartographers to locate the Riphaean Mountains on a geographical map will be considered.

El amazonas de tres viajeros cartógrafos: entre la experiencia y la imaginación geográfica

51%

Unigarro D. E.

Review of International American Studies

2024

vol. 17

issue 1

105-121

Desde la primera mitad del siglo XVI el río Amazonas empezó a ser representado cartográficamente, en principio por el avistamiento de sus bocas y posteriormente por los recorridos que se emprendieron. El primero de estos supuso su azaroso descubrimiento en 1542 por una expedición española que partió de Quito y llegó hasta el Atlántico. Un siglo más tarde, los portugueses invirtieron el sentido y remontaron el gran río desde la desembocadura hasta los Andes. Estos recorridos estuvieron acompañados por cronistas cuyas informaciones y registros sirvieron como fuente de inspiración para las descripciones europeas del Nuevo Mundo. Se pretende entonces mostrar la evolución de los imaginarios y las representaciones de la Amazonia desde la experiencia de tres viajeros que atravesaron el océano entre los siglos XVI y XVII, pero además fueron cartógrafos que legaron mapas recurrentes en atlas, compendios y trabajos historiográficos sobre la región que probablemente más haya despertado la curiosidad y también la imaginación en América. Desde el bosquejo de una desembocadura en el Atlántico hasta una vista aérea del curso del río, pasando por una figura serpenteante, se presentan tres representaciones cartográficas del Amazonas como productos de la experiencia de viaje, que evidencia diferentes formas de acercarse y percibir la realidad, junto con la imaginación geográfica, mezcla de ideas fantásticas, ideales y míticas con saberes prácticos en relación con el reconocimiento del territorio. [Since the first half of the 16th century, the Amazon River began to be cartographically represented, initially through the sighting of its mouths and later by expeditions undertaken along its course. The first of these marked its perilous discovery in 1542 by a Spanish expedition that set out from Quito and reached the Atlantic. A century later, the Portuguese reversed the route, ascending the great river from its mouth to the Andes. These journeys were accompanied by chroniclers whose information and records served as sources of inspiration for European descriptions of the New World. This study aims to illustrate the evolution of imaginaries and representations of the Amazon from the experiences of three travelers who crossed the ocean between the 16th and 17th centuries. These individuals were also cartographers who contributed maps frequently included in atlases, compendiums, and historiographical works on the region, which likely sparked the most curiosity and also the imagination in America. From the sketch of a mouth at the Atlantic to an aerial view of the river's course, through a serpentine figure, three cartographic representations of the Amazon are presented as products of the travel experience. These depictions reveal different ways of approaching and perceiving reality, along with geographical imagination, a blend of fantastic, ideal, and mythical ideas with practical knowledge related to the recognition of the territory.]

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1 Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development

1 Review of International American Studies

1 Podossinov A.

1 Unigarro D. E.

1 2024

1 2019

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A concept “Riphaean Mountains” in ancient geocartography: myth, cosmology, symbol and/or reality?

El amazonas de tres viajeros cartógrafos: entre la experiencia y la imaginación geográfica