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EN
The Symposium alias The Banquet belongs to those hypotexts by Plato which have been constantly reread and reinterpreted by the authors of French decadence. This article is focused on the Péladan’s reinterpretation of one of its parts, the famous Aristophanes’s speech about love. It implies on one hand the masculine notion of “androgyne”, heavily valorised in the fin de siècle novels, and, on the other hand, the feminine concept of “gynandre”, perceived negatively, feared and mocked. Why in Péladan’s (1858–1918) eyes and according to many others decadent authors man is gorgeous and intelligent enough to realize on his own the platonic ideal of the union of the two sexes? And what about the woman, henceforth outmoded and “useless”? The decadent misogyny ties itself in knots over its fanciful theories which are reflective of the spirit of this historical period.
EN
We analyse some current trends of viewing transformational changes of humankind (transhumanism, theory of androgyny, etc.). We present the key role played by philoso-phy of education in shaping an image of the future human being. We also determine the main characteristics of the personality of the planetary-cosmic type and the system of his personal, local and global interactions.
EN
In Simone de Beauvoir’s œuvre, the problem of love and the relationship with the Other turns out to be fundamental. The need to realize one’s own desires forces the individual to open for the Other who – instead of making the relationship more attractive – brings about its breakup. The Author raises this issue in terms of androgyny interpreted as a relationship between two people, which is possible only in the spheres of total freedom and reciprocity, both spiritual and sexual, revealing an inherent influence of other people on our lives.The texts by Beauvoir, whose idée fixe is a search for the wholeness, enable one to understand that otherness is also understood as a struggle to change the perception of femininity and of independence. The other also fascinates us by difference. It encourages one to get to know oneself, one’s possibilities and limitations, as well as one’s identity. By looking into the eyes of the other (like in a mirror) a person has an opportunity to create a new reality, thereby rejecting stereotypes and a traditional value system. Thus, finding a sense of life and realizing existing differences become possible.The multidimensionality of the concept of otherness enables the critic to present the writer’s original vision, propagating the individual development and autonomy, defined by relationships with others and, at the same time, by his or her pursuit of an existential fullness with another human being.
EN
In contemporary theological debate much attention is devoting to the interdisciplinary research. Theology as science based on philosophy. Today a special attention is to existential aspects of life. More an experience than the theological description or written reflection. However in order not to simplify theology, it is worthwhile leading and interpreting what religious studies above all widely understood and psychology are offering. The 20th age is not only a new look at theology, inspired by the 2nd Vatican Council but also an intense development of religious studies sciences, but first of all history of the religion with chief with its representative – Mircea Eliade. With topic always current in all sciences, but first of all in theology and religious studies, there are a problem of the connection of the man and women. Two beings, two people and at the same time the great gap between them, two quite different worlds, and the one physical, bodily, and the one psychological, emotional as well as spiritual, religious. These two beings are two opposites which are pulling themselves one another, they are searching for themselves and they are uniting with themselves, and are becoming something with one thing. And so it is possible to look at the connection of the man and women in categories similarities of opposites, that is as coincidentia oppositorum. We will examine the dissimilarity of the man and the woman at first, next we will see what he is coincidentia oppositorum and how this principle is applying to the topic of the marriage as well as androgyne. We will look for justifying the principle in the last part coincidentia oppositorum in the biblical theology.
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