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Anglophone and Civilian Legal Cultures: Two understandings of human trust for the global age

100%
Garske J. P.
Academicus. International Scientific Journal
|
2018
|
issue 18
34-41
EN
The principle of human trust works in both the Anglophone and Civilian legal cultures, but does so in two opposite ways. Although not explicitly stated in either legal tradition, the element of trust is of central importance in both. The two traditions began in the medieval period, but in very different circumstances. They had entirely different understandings of what law was and the purposes for which it worked. Their modern incarnations, together with implicit attitudes toward human trust, took shape during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries--in ways that reinforced their original differences. Their contradictory ideas of trust derived from opposing concepts of human nature: a Humanist confidence in the capacity of men as compared with a Calvinist belief in the depravity of men. Eighteenth century Continental jurists rejected religion as the educative basis of rule. Instead, they embraced an Optimistic philosophic view of human nature, expressed in the Sensus Communis. During the same period England retained a deeply established Puritan ethos. It separated Church and State but, unlike the more secular Continent, it retained an amorphous religiosity as the legitimizing basis of its rule. In Continental legal culture, the ideological and educative half of governance was emphasized. Public cultivation and learning, and the faculty of human reason, were relied on as the ultimate basis of order. By contrast, Anglophone legality, resting on an assumption of human turpitude, promised freedom-but within enforced limits. Its hierarchical Rule of Law was founded on public faith in judicial authority. The project to construct a global law brings these traditions into confrontation. A resolution reached by them will determine the meaning and importance of human trust in the global age.
2
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Démocratie et croissance economique : Une analyse comparative entre pays francophones et anglophones d’Afrique subsaharienne

84%
Abdoulaye D.
La Revue Internationale des Économistes de Langue Française
|
2024
|
vol. 9
|
issue 2
9-33
EN
Purpose: This article aims to identify the transmission channels of the effects of democracy on economic growth through a comparative analysis between eighteen Francophone countries and eighteen Anglophone countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Design/methodology/approach: The approach adopted consisted of establishing a system of simultaneous equations estimated by the triple least squares technique using panel data over the period 2000–2017. Findings: The results show that, on the one hand, democracy has a positive effect on economic growth through the public spending channel and a negative effect on growth through the corruption channel in African Francophone countries. On the other hand, the findings reveal that democracy positively influences economic growth through the public spending channel and that of investment in African Anglophone countries. Moreover, the findings support the idea that African Anglophone countries experience more economic progress, unlike African Francophone countries, thanks to the proper functioning of their democratic system. Originality/value: The originality lies in the analysis of the mixed effect of democracy on economic growth by differentiating between groups of Francophone and Anglophone countries in sub-Saharan Africa.
FR
Objectif : L’objectif de cet article est d’identifier les canaux de transmission des effets de la démocratie sur la croissance économique à travers une analyse comparative entre dix-huit pays francophones et dix-huit pays anglophones d’Afrique subsaharienne. Conception/méthodologie/approche : L’approche adoptée à consister à établir un système d’équations simultanées estimé par la technique des triples moindres carrés en utilisant des données de panel sur la période 2000–2017. Résultats : Les résultats montrent que d’un côté, la démocratie exerce un effet positif sur la croissance économique à travers le canal des dépenses publiques et un effet négatif sur la croissance à travers le canal de la corruption dans les pays francophones. De l’autre côté, les résultats révèlent que la démocratie influence positivement la croissance économique à travers le canal des dépenses publiques et celui des investissements dans les pays anglophones. Par ailleurs, l’analyse conforte l’idée selon laquelle les pays anglophones connaissent plus de progrès économique contrairement aux pays francophones grâce au fonctionnement de leur système démocratique. Originalité/valeur : L’originalité réside dans l’analyse de l’effet mitigé de la démocratie sur la croissance économique en faisant la différence entre les groupes de pays francophones et anglophones d’Afrique subsaharienne. L’article a permis de suggérer des actions en termes de renforcement des institutions pour un meilleur fonctionnement de la démocratie dans les pays africains francophones comme anglophones.
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