Search results

1

An anthropological analysis of a skeleton from the Lublin-Wołyń culture grave in Książnice, site 2, the commune of Pacanów, Świętokrzyskie voivodeship

100%

Szczepanek A.

Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia

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2014

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vol. 9

259–262

EN

The paper presents an anthropological analysis of a skeleton from the Lublin-Volhynia culture grave – item 3/08. The skeleton was severely secondarily damaged. The preserved elements allow to determine that the bones belonged to an adult female individual of about 144–149 cm stature intra vitam

2

Ekspertyza antropologiczna ciałopalnych szczątków kostnych z grobów popielnicowych kultury łużyckiej, pochodzących ze stanowiska archeologicznego, zlokalizowanego na Placu Jana Pawła II w Ciechanowie, woj. mazowieckie

100%

Iwanek B., Piontek J.

Raport

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2014

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vol. 9

199-206

EN

The article presents results of the anthropological analysis concerning burned skeletal remains coming from 11 urn graves, from the period of the Lusatian culture (the end of the IV Bronze Age period), explored at Jan Paweł II square in Ciechanów, the Mazowieckie Voivodeship. It was determined that human cremated remains belonged to 13 people: three children deceased at the age of infans I (2 children) and infans II (one child), one deceased at the age of juvenis, as well as three women deceased at the age of adultus (2 women) and above 25 years of age (one woman), four men deceased at the age of adultus (one man), adultus/maturus (one man) and maturus (2 men) and 2 people with an undefined sex deceased at the age above 20 years of age.

3

Analiza antropologiczna szkieletów ze Stręgoborzyc, woj. małopolskie

88%

Mietlińska J.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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2015

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issue 30

277-296

EN

This thesis is an anthropological analysis of an early-medieval population, inhabiting the area of Stręgoborzyce village, Igołomia-Wawrzeńczye commune, Małopolska province. The subjects of research were skeletons of 67 individuals, which were dug during archaeological excavations on site number 38 in Stręgoborzyce, in years 2010 and 2011. Among the 67 skeletons of different state of preservation there were isolated 22 females, 17 males, 4 children and 24 individuals of unknown sex. Basic research included determining the age and sex of the individuals and the state of preservation of skeletal remains. Author did some cranial and postextracranial skeleton measurements, which allowed doing an anthropological characterization of the population and estimating a hypothetical intravital body length of each individual. The evaluation of health conditions was taken on the basis of pathological changes in bone material, which are an expression of previous diseases and degenerative processes. The thesis also focused on the examination of the presence of non-metric characteristics of the human skeleton. At the end author tried to do a comparison analysis of the population to other groups, similar in time and geography.

PL

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4

Preliminary Reports on the Excavations at Burgut Kurgan and Bobolangar in 2017

75%

Kysela J., Augustinová A., Kinaston R.

Studia Hercynia

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2018

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vol. 22

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issue 1

158-182

EN

The current report presents the results of the 2017 excavations of two prehistoric sites in, or in the vicinity of, the Zarabag Oasis, South Uzbekistan. In the Yaz I settlement of Burgut Kurgan, the 2017 excavation season focused on a small portion of the stone wall and was not able to confirm the presence of a gate hypothesised during the 2016 excavations. A trial excavation consisting of three trenches (BBL01–BBL03) was conducted at the site of Bobolangar, which was discovered during a previous field survey in 2016. The pottery sherds collected on the surface of Bobolanghar were from the Late Bronze Age and the date of the site was confirmed by the presence of Late Bronze Age pottery in secure stratigraphic contexts. Moreover, two burials were found in trench BBL03. Based on the characteristics of the burial traditions, it is likely that both individuals were interred during the Middle Ages and the graves were cut into the Late Bronze Age layers of the site. The human skeletons were exceptionally well‑preserved and preliminary details of the bioarchaeological analyses are presented here.

5

Post-Meroitic cemetery at the Khor Shambat site in Sudan

75%

Bobrowski P., Chłodnicki M., Jórdeczka M., Stanaszek Ł. M.

Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean

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2020

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vol. 29(2)

653-676

EN

Archaeological research at the Khor Shambat site located in Omdurman in central Sudan has been conducted since 2012, when a team of scientists from the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology Polish Academy of Sciences (Poznań) launched a salvage exploration of a Neolithic site and cemetery damaged by road construction. Research is now conducted within the scope of a grant from the National Science Centre, Poland (No. 2015/17/D/HS3/01492). Three seasons of fieldwork since 2016 have focused on the extensive prehistoric settlement spanning nearly 4000 years, from the early Mesolithic to the late Neolithic. The site turned out to be attractive not only for Mesolithic hunters-gatherers and Neolithic shepherds, but also as a burial place for the Meroitic and post-Meroitic inhabitants of the region. A survey of about 1% of the surface of the Khor Shambat site (KSH 1) resulted in the discovery of 66 graves; 12 of these are probably post-Meroitic, and of these three presented a rich and interesting array of burial goods, including imports from the Far East. At the same time, KSH 1 is one of the southernmost post-Meroitic cemeteries.

6

Niche burials of the Corded Ware Culture at Kraków-Mistrzejowice, site 85

75%

Jarosz P., Koszowska E., Ostrowski M., Szczepanek A.

Sprawozdania Archeologiczne

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2015

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vol. 67

165-187

EN

Two additional niche graves of the Corded Ware Culture were discovered during the rescue archaeological works carried out in the year 2010 on site No 85 in Kraków-Mistrzejowice. The preserved fragments of skeletons allow to assess that in the feature 1307 there were buried two individuals: female at the age of death at iuvenis-adultus and child at the age of death at infans II, the sex was not established. The human remains that were found in the feature 1311 belonged to a man at the age at death of adultus (20–25 years old) with intra vitam body height of 170 cm. Discovered in grave goods especially pottery allow to date them to phase IIIb of the Corded Ware Culture development in Małopolska Upland

7

Antropologia grobów ciałopalnych cmentarzyska Dziekanowice 22

71%

Wrzesińska A., Wrzesiński J.

Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim

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2021

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issue 62

171-191

EN

The article presents the analyses and descriptions of two graves in the Dziekanowice grave field, site 22 (dated back to the late 10th – the late 13th centuries) located on the eastern coast of lake Lednica, approx. 90 m from the eastern bridge leading to Ostrów Lednicki. The isle hosts a hillfort regarded a seat of the then ruler, the sedes regni principales. Within the gord, in the second half of the 10th century, a complex of residential and sacral buildings was raised: a baptistery, a palas and a church. The burial rite as of the late 10th and the early 11th centuries, which appeared in what is now Poland’s territory, is typically associated with Christianity encroaching the area. The issues under discussion, which are not fully explained, include both the ways in which the dead were buried before skeletal burials were introduced and popularised, the methods used to promote the changes, acceptance thereof, the rate and the prevalence of the new mode of burying the dead. In the course of extended excavations in the Dziekanowice 22 grave field, 1,665 graves have been discovered with preserved bone material, among them two graves where cremated bodies were laid (cremation burial). The graves have been dated back to the early Middle Ages (the time of the grave field’s operation).

8

New Finds of Roman Rings from a Rich Grave in Cemetery III, Rusovce‑Gerulata

63%

Schmidtová J., Daňová M., Šefčáková A.

Studia Hercynia

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2016

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vol. 20

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issue 1

83-99

EN

In 2014 a unique burial was unearthed in Gerulata cemetery III, containing an unusual number of rings. The buried woman aged 40–49 had two rings on each hand, one of which was a signet ring with a gem depicting the Egyptian deities Serapis and Isis. Another unusual item was a bracelet composed of seven disks with side openings for a string. Two glazed vessels have enlarged the number of known vessels of this type from this site to 13 pieces.

9

Gdzie pochowano mieszkańców grodu w Grzybowie?

63%

Wrzesińska A., Wrzesiński J.

Studia Lednickie

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2022

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vol. 21

239-274

EN

Three skeletal graves and loose skeletal material of another four individuals (see Table 6) were uncovered and documented at the stronghold in Grzybowo as a result of excavations and scientific studies. Grave 1/2018 with the burial of a man who died at the age of Maturus, i.e. about 45-50 years old, grave 2/2018 with the burial of a young child who died at the age of Infans I, i.e. about 4-4.5 years old, and grave 1/2019 with the burial of a woman who died at the age of Adultus, i.e. about 22-26 years old, were uncovered. Two long limb bones of a young child who died at the age of Infans I, i.e., about 10-12 months of age (i.e., about 1 year old), were found next to the female skeleton in grave 1/2019 (probably from a backfill). Two human bones from the skeletons of two more individuals – a young child, a newborn or an infant who died at Infans I, i.e., around 0-3 months of age, and a young woman who died at Juvenis-Adultus – were recognized from the bulk material of the 1998 excavation. A single human bone belonging to a seven-month-old foetus, who died at 28-31 weeks of foetal life (age Infans I), was identified in the bulk material from pit 1/2018. The discovery of three graves (at a distance of 2.80 cm from each other, see Fig. 11) and fragments of human remains directly inside the stronghold in Grzybowo is extremely interesting and forces us to verify several views on the functioning and use of the gord. First of all, there is still no information on burials from the period of the stronghold’s use – neither the highly probable cremations from the period of the stronghold’s beginnings, nor from its earlier period of functioning when locals may have been buried in skeletal rites. The discovery of such necropolises would provide arguments for discussing local transformations of sepulchral rituals, but also the role and significance of the stronghold in Grzybowo. In addition, the rather late 12th/13th century (for the functioning of the stronghold) dating of the discussed burials forces us to keep verifying the time of use of the gord and to put a question mark on what role this stronghold played after the period of intensive habitation, i.e. after the mid-11th century. The fundamental question posed in the title of this article also remains open: where were the dead of the stronghold in Grzybowo buried during its greatest glory?

10

The size and structure of Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture population

63%

Czopek S., Trybała-Zawiślak K.

Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego

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2022

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issue 43

125-133

EN

Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture is a cultural unit distinguished in south-eastern Poland, spanning from the middle Bronze Age to the early Iron Age (and thus roughly from the 14th/13th to the 5th/4th century BC). One of its most characteristic features are large crematory cemeteries (the largest consisting of more than a thousand tombs), utilized for many centuries. For many of them, apart from standard archaeological information, we also possess anthropological analysis, perfect for demographic considerations. One can specify the size and structure of the population which used the cemetery, as well as study the dynamics of changes in the course of a long period of burying the dead in the same place. Such an analysis in the form of social microstructure research is the basis of inference at a higher level, including mesoregions settlement, characterized by a network of co-occurring cemeteries and accompanying settlements. The sum of these observations, in turn, allows us to estimate the number of people living in the territory assigned to Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture. At each level of inference in terms of population size, a crucial role is played by possibly the most accurate and precise estimation of time of cemetery usage or the presence of settlements in the analyzed region.

11

Analiza antropologiczna materiału kostnego podjętego w czasie badań ratowniczych na Placu Słowiańskim w Krakowie (sezon 2017)

63%

Marchewka J.

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae

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2018

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vol. 16

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issue 4

57-65

EN

The aim of the anthropological analysis was to estimate the Minimal Number of Individuals (MNI) in the examined ossuary taken during the rescue work at Plac Słowiański (Krakow). In addition, an attempt was made to determine the biological profile of the deceased and determine from which church cemeteries located near Plac Słowiański they could have originated. MNI was established based on preserved right temporal bones and amounted to 51. The most numerous bones in the examined material were skull bones and larger bones of the post-cranial skeleton. A significantly smaller proportion of children’s bones was also noted. Both of these observations jump on the bone selection that was made during the transfer of the skeletons of the primary graves to the secondary grave. The results of the research did not allow for an unequivocal indication of the origin of the remains, although it is more likely that the ossuary was created as a result of the transfer of bodies from the cemetery of the st. Krzyż Church.

PL

Celem pracy było oszacowanie najmniejszej możliwej liczby pochowanych (MNI) w analizowanym ossuarium podjętym w czasie prac ratowniczych na krakowskim Placu Słowiańskim. Prócz tego podjęto próbę określenia profilu biologicznego zmarłych oraz próbę ustalenia, z którego z przykościelnych cmentarzy zlokalizowanych przy Placu Słowiańskim mogły one pochodzić. MNI zostało ustalone w oparciu o zachowane kości skroniowe strony prawej i wyniosło 51. Najliczniej reprezentowanymi w badanym materiale kośćmi były kości czaszki i większe kości szkieletu postkranialnego. Zauważono także zdecydowanie mniejszy udział kości dziecięcych. Obie te obserwacje wskakują na selekcję kości jakiej dokonywano w czasie przenosin szkieletów grobów pierwotnych do grobu wtórnego. Wyniki badań nie pozwoliły na jednoznaczne wskazanie pochodzenia szczątków, choć bardziej prawdopodobnym jest, iż ossuarium powstało na skutek przenosin ciał z cmentarza przy kościele św. Krzyża.

12

Thanatourism at Grodno Castle in Zagórze Śląskie

63%

Chlebicz A., Konczewski P.

Architectus

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2021

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issue 4 (68)

91-96

PL

Tanatoturystyka to termin oznaczający podróżowanie do miejsc związanych ze śmiercią i cierpieniem. Nie jest ona kultem śmierci, a jedynie formą turystyki, która ma na celu poznanie miejsc tragedii ludzkiej. W obszar zainteresowania tanatoturystyki wpisuje się zamek Grodno ze względu na to, że posiada on specyficzne formy atrakcji: loch głodowy ze szkieletem „księżniczki Małgorzaty”, salę tortur oraz krypty grobowe poprzednich właścicieli. W artykule omówiono zjawisko rosnącej atrakcyjności miejsc tanatoturystycznych. W dalszej kolejności przedstawiono wyniki badań ludzkich szczątków kostnych z lochu głodowego. Przyjęto założenie, że materiał kostny mógł być elementem starszych szkieletów, które dawniej eksponowano jako szczątki „księżniczki Małgorzaty”. Omawiane szczątki ludzkie mogły również pochodzić z tzw. krypty grobowej ostatnich właścicieli zamku. Przeprowadzono analizę antropologiczną, podczas której dokonano oceny m.in. płci i wieku oraz wykonano stosowne pomiary. Analiza materiału osteologicznego pozwoliła wskazać, że odnalezione szczątki należały do co najmniej trzech osobników w różnym wieku, obu płci (młoda kobieta, 19-22 lata; dorosły mężczyzna, ponad 35 lat; dojrzała kobieta, 45-55 lat). Najpewniej niektóre z badanych kości rzeczywiście stanowiły w przeszłości szkielet ekspozycyjny. W artykule podano też ustalenia dotyczące charakterystyki osób odwiedzających zamek Grodno, a także motywacji ich przyjazdu, wynikające z ankiety przeprowadzonej wśród turystów. Wyniki badań ankietowych wskazały, że zamek Grodno najczęściej odwiedzały osoby: płci żeńskiej; mające 35-44 lat; z wykształceniem wyższym; mieszkające w Polsce w promieniu 100 km od zamku. Głównymi motywacjami przyjazdu okazały się zainteresowanie przeszłością i możliwość zwiedzenia zamku. Podczas zwiedzania turystom najczęściej towarzyszyły zaciekawienie oraz przyjemność. Elementy o charakterze tanatologicznym nie cieszyły się większym zainteresowaniem. Największą atrakcją turystyczną okazała się wieża zamkowa i panorama gór widoczna z jej szczytu. Ekspozycje szczątków ludzkich, trumien i izba tortur najczęściej wywoływały wśród odwiedzających zaciekawienie, współczucie i smutek.

EN

Thanatourism is a concept involving travel to sites associated with death and suffering. It is not a cult of death, but merely a form of tourism aimed at discovering places of human tragedy. Grodno Castle is a popular destination of thanatourists, as it features specific forms of attractions, namely a starvation dungeon with a displayed skeleton, a torture chamber, and burial crypts of the previous owners. The article discusses the phenomenon of the growing attractiveness of thanatourist places. Secondly, it presents the results of a study of human bone remains found in the starvation dungeon of Grodno Castle. The assumption was that the bone material could belong to the heroine of the legend of Princess Margaret (i.e. it could have been artificially assembled for the purposes of the exhibition) or it could come from the tombs of the last owners of the castle. An anthropological analysis was carried out, involving determination of the sex, age and other parameters, and appropriate measurements were taken. The analysis of the material showed that the remains belonged to at least three individuals of different ages, and both sexes (young woman, 19-22 years old; adult male, over 35 years old; mature woman, 45-55 years old). Most likely, some of the examined bones used to make up a displayed skeleton in the past. The article also presents findings of a survey conducted among tourists at Grodno Castle, concerning their characteristics, as well as their motivations for visiting. According to our findings, Grodno Castle is mostly visited by women aged 35-44 with higher education, who live within 100 km from the castle. The main motivations for their visit are their interests in the past and the opportunity to tour the castle. The most frequent feelings expressed by the tourists during their visit were curiosity and enjoyment. Thanatological elements did not attract much attention. The lookout tower turned out to be the best tourist attraction. The exhibitions of human remains, coffins and the torture chamber mostly aroused curiosity, compassion and sadness among the visitors.

Refine search results

An anthropological analysis of a skeleton from the Lublin-Wołyń culture grave in Książnice, site 2, the commune of Pacanów, Świętokrzyskie voivodeship

Ekspertyza antropologiczna ciałopalnych szczątków kostnych z grobów popielnicowych kultury łużyckiej, pochodzących ze stanowiska archeologicznego, zlokalizowanego na Placu Jana Pawła II w Ciechanowie, woj. mazowieckie

Analiza antropologiczna szkieletów ze Stręgoborzyc, woj. małopolskie

Preliminary Reports on the Excavations at Burgut Kurgan and Bobolangar in 2017

Post-Meroitic cemetery at the Khor Shambat site in Sudan

Niche burials of the Corded Ware Culture at Kraków-Mistrzejowice, site 85

Antropologia grobów ciałopalnych cmentarzyska Dziekanowice 22

New Finds of Roman Rings from a Rich Grave in Cemetery III, Rusovce‑Gerulata

Gdzie pochowano mieszkańców grodu w Grzybowie?

The size and structure of Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture population

Analiza antropologiczna materiału kostnego podjętego w czasie badań ratowniczych na Placu Słowiańskim w Krakowie (sezon 2017)

Thanatourism at Grodno Castle in Zagórze Śląskie