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EN
Series of eschatological exegeses in prophet Daniel’s visions in the context of the doctrinal dispute of Eastern Christianity and Judaism (about the manuscript BN 12245) The Bible’s Book of Daniel, along with commentaries of St. Hippolytus of Rome, belongs to the most important sources of Christian knowledge about the end of the world and the Final Judgment. In the medieval Old Church Slavonic literature, the Book of Daniel functions not only as a part of the Old Testament canon (separately or with comments), but it is also present in historiography, and in particular in apocryphal literature. Prophet Daniel and his vision of four beasts are also the basis for preparation of new eschatological texts where the threads of the doctrinal dispute with Judaism are noticeable. Such writings include a series of visions of Prophet Daniel with commentaries, rarely encountered in Cyrillic manuscripts, featured in Codex BN 12245. The article presents a textological, historical and literary analysis of the text. Cykl apokaliptycznych egzegez wizji proroka Daniela w kontekście doktrynalnego sporu wschodniego chrześcijaństwa z judaizmem (na materiale kodeksu BN 12245) Biblijna Księga Daniela, wraz z komentarzami św. Hipolita Rzymskiego, należy do ważniejszych źródeł wiedzy chrześcijan na temat końca świata i Sądu Ostatecznego. W średniowiecznej literaturze cerkiewnosłowiańskiej materiał Księgi Daniela funkcjonuje nie tylko jako część korpusu kanonicznych pism Starego Testamentu (osobno lub z komentarzami), ale obecny jest też w historiografii, a zwłaszcza w literaturze apokryficznej. Postać proroka Daniela i jego wizja czterech bestii są też bazą opracowywania nowych tekstów o tematyce eschatologicznej, w których widoczne są wątki doktrynalnego sporu z judaizmem. Do takich pism zalicza się rzadko spotykany w rękopisach cyrylickich cykl komentowanych wizji proroka Daniela, jaki znajduje się w kodeksie BN 12245. W artykule przedstawiono analizę tekstologiczną i historycznoliteracką zabytków.
EN
Jewish apocalyptic literature appeared in the period between the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem and the outbreak of the Bar Kokhba Revolt and bears the marks of the difficult times of the Roman occupation, and the persecution which the chosen people suffered at this time. The theological ideas presented in the texts of the four apocalypses illustrate the diversity of Judaism of the period. The expectations of the authors of these texts regarding the future are so varied that one can identify five basic eschatological concepts which are described here as ‘nationalistic eschatology’, ‘traumatic eschatology’, ‘eschatology of hope’, ‘idyllic eschatology’, and ‘universal eschatology’. In these eschatological models different importance is attached to the pagan nations surrounding the people of Israel. The role which they play in eschatological visions is largely conditioned by the circumstances under which these particular texts were created.Keywords
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