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K významovým vztahům v apoziční skupině

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The aim of this paper is to analyze semantic relations in appositional groups consisting of nominal or adverbial phrases. It is possible to identify either a single potential semantic relation, or two opposing potential semantic relations between components of an appositional group. The opposing relations are either of the same type (predication vs. predication, determination vs. determination), or of a different one (predication vs. determination). The realization of these relations is influenced by a formal factor, i.e. the linear and intonational rendering of the appositional group. In general, predication can be realized both regressively and progressively, whereas determination can be realized only regressively, unless the second component of the appositional group is made up of a semantically incomplete word, e.g. a relationally locative adverb, or unless the relationship between the components is something different than referential identity/inclusion. Relationally locative adverbs determine either (expressed or unexpressed) defined space or a (expressed or unexpressed) spatial orientator; in the latter case they are functionally close to prepositions.
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The author reflects upon a possible empirical interpretation of Wittgenstein's well known thesis 7 in his Tractatus, as applied to some problems encountered when dealing with TRS. The most general idea is that TRS is what 'shows', in Wittgenstein's sense, rather than what can be rendered in terms of words; the reason being the threatening infinite regress behind any attempt at reducing the phenomena of TRS to primitive concepts as represented by definite segmental units. Subsequently, the author touches upon certain more specific themes in the relevant domain. One of them is the problem of how to account for non-restrictive attributes or "appositions". The author stresses the fact that they do not yield to interpretation in terms of something p such that 'speaker said that p'. Another issue is that of an adequate interpretation of 'I'. The author shows irreparable inadequacies inherent in Wierzbicka's as well as in his own (previous) accounts of 'I'. According to his new proposal, 'I' is equivalent to 'someone' with the first subscript (in an arbitrary list of subscripts) appended to the organism / body of the current speaker; the latter just shows in Wittgenstein's sense.
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The author discusses Tomasz Korpysz's book Definicje poetyckie Norwida (Norwid's poetical definitions). He first of all pays attention to a great cognitive value of the work that is the result of both reliable theoretical elaboration of the category of “poetical definition”, and a convincing analysis of this phenomenon in selected areas of Norwid's poetry.
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