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Próba ustalenia genezy śladów dołkowych przy użyciu metody eksperymentalnej

100%
Pauch S.
Pomorania Antiqua
|
2020
|
vol. Tom XXIX
s. 223-244
EN
The presented article addresses the problem of hole traces known as penitential holes or fire drill marks. The main goal is an attempt to verify the most popular hypotheses (about their origin caused by use of fire drill and the so-called ‘healing’ hypothesis) trying to explain the origin of these traces. Therefore, a number of activities are presented, related to both of the aforementioned reasons explaining the origin of the hole traces, applying the principles of experimental archaeology.
2
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‘Historical Craft from the Artisan’s Point of View’. Analysis of the Results of the Survey Conducted Among Craftsmen Specialising in Historical Reconstruction

100%
Badowska K., Rutkowski W.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica
|
2019
|
issue 34
243-253
PL
Artykuł przedstawia wyniki ankiet przeprowadzonych przez autorów, których przedmiotem była archeologia eksperymentalna. Do grupy rzemieślników zajmujących się rekonstrukcją skierowano pytania dotyczące trudności, z którymi spotykają się podczas swojej pracy odtwórczej. Co jest największym problemem? Skąd rzemieślnicy czerpią informacje dotyczące technologii wytwórstwa? Jak ich wyroby są przyjmowane przez odbiorców? Ramy chronologiczne odtwórstwa zawężono do jednego okresu historycznego (czasu występowania kultury przeworskiej, a więc okresu przedrzymskiego, okresu wpływów rzymskich i okresu wędrówek ludów). Pozwoli to uczytelnić powiązania między niewielką grupą rzemieślników zajmujących się rękodzielnictwem metodami starożytnymi a światem naukowym, zdobywaniem wiedzy historycznej i archeologicznej oraz inspiracji etnograficznych w celu rozwiązania problemów technik rzemieślniczych. Badaniami zostały objęte osoby zajmujące się różnymi rzemiosłami, od obróbki metalu po garncarstwo, co pozwala spojrzeć na owo zagadnienie z szerszej perspektywy.
EN
The paper presents the results of the survey carried out by the authors of this paper, the subject of which was experimental archaeology. We asked a group of artisans that deal with historical reconstruction a set of questions about the difficulties they encounter during their reconstruction work. What is their biggest problem? Where do the craftsmen derive information about the ancient technology from? How are their products received by recipients? The chronological framework of the reconstruction industry was narrowed down to one historical period (the time of the Przeworsk culture, that is the Pre-Roman Iron Age, the Roman Iron Age and Migration Period). This clearly showed some connections between a small group of craftsmen using ancient methods in their work and the academic world, and how important it is to acquire historical and archaeological knowledge and to find ethnographic inspirations in order to solve the problems of craft techniques. The survey covered artisans practising various crafts, from metalwork to pottery, which added a broader perspective to the issues studied.
3
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(Re)Konstrukcja¹ rzymskiego pieca do wytopu szkła

67%
Krzyżanowska M.
Studia Lednickie
|
2014
|
vol. 13
161-175
EN
The aim of the paper is to discuss an experiment concerning the (re)construction, structure and use of a Roman glass furnace. In the course of the designing of the experiment, a scheme proposed by Coles was used. e (re)construction was based on three categories of sources: archaeological (a find of a furnace from Hambach Forst), iconographic (olive lamps with depictions of furnaces), as well as earlier experiments of this kind. e feature in question was a two-level cupola furnace. For its construction, specially prepared roofing tiles, sandstone and clay with an admixture of sand and hay were used. Oak and birch wood was used to heat the furnace. Temperature values in the furnace were measured with a pyrometer in four spots. The following conclusions were drawn: it was not possible to achieve the required temperature in the furnace due to a too small opening in the fire-grate and the use of fresh and unseasoned wood. Furthermore, errors were made in the course of the construction of the furnace. These were: an improperly built part of the fire chamber wall and too flat arcs above the openings in the furnace. The validity of these conclusions was checked; the opening in the fire-grate was enlarged; seasoned oak and birch wood was used, and the cracks were fixed and filled up. No accurate temperature measurements were taken in the course of the second "ring. However, in all probability a sufficiently high temperature was achieved, as glass cullet in the furnace melted.
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