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Panoptikum
|
2011
|
issue 10(17)
124-136
EN
Japanese animation (anime) is one of the most important phenomena of contemporary popular culture. Inspirations from anime can be seen in Asian and Western feature cinema, Western animation, Western comic books and both Asian and Western video games, cultural and ideological aspects of anime and anime fandom (“otakus”) become objects of intense studies. However, as scholarly interest in anime grows, various technical and terminological difficulties become apparent, not least among them the problem of genre. Is anime a film genre or a form of animated medium, are characteristic types of anime (such as “magical girl” or “mecha”) genres, sub-genres or simply “types”? And what about classic film genres that appear in Japanese animation, like science fiction, horror, crime drama, where do they fit? These questions multiply in case of a unique and special type of Japanese animation known as “progressive anime”, paradoxical and imprecise group of works distinguished by breaking conventions, artistic, aesthetic and intellectual innovations, by turning familiar tropes and clichés on their head and, at least sometimes, presenting ideologically subversive and progressive message.
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Idea społeczeństwa obywatelskiego w serialu Deadwood

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EN
The paper is the analysis of Deadwood, a TV series that was made from 2004 to 2006 by HBO. The author studies the show closely in the context of conceptions of social contract which have been developed, among others, by John Locke and Thomas Hobbes. He also tries to answer the question why this great social experiment, which was the creation of the USA (and Deadwood is a metaphor of this experiment), failed. The text analyzes the behavior of Deadwood’s inhabitants at the moment that the society of the newly founded American town is being organized. Following this example, some generalizations are made and questions posed about the social contract as an idea and the author tries to answer the question of why it seems to be a utopian idea.
EN
The text analyzes the American television show about vampires True Blood in the context of two ways of understanding the representation of reality. Representation is understood either as a presentation of the world, similar to the reality, reflection of the reality beyond the text or as negation of this reality, the establishment of an autonomous world, where representation is the imaginary construction that refers to itself. Bearing in mind these two perspectives associated with different aesthetic and epistemological beliefs, I try to show how the concept of “limited utopia” by Jeffrey C. Alexander may be useful in interpretation of process of presenting the narration and how his proposition of utopia reveals actual practices of television series audiences. Does this proposal of utopia that is not the project of total changes, but is limited to the project of changes associated with particular social niche, also influence the actions undertaken by the show’s producers and consumers? In this article I try to show that the idea of “limited utopia” can become a part of the collective imagination that transforms reality, and is “a form of negotiation between the location of personal agency of activity (human beings) and globally defined fields of opportunity” (A. Appadurai).
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Serialowe emancypacje

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EN
The article dwells upon the emancipatory potential of contemporary television, especially in the form of so called new generation of television series. The paper begins with the summary of classic criticisms directed against traditional television as expemplified in Theodor Adorno’s theory in order to illustrate the differences between traditional and contemporary television. The main objection against traditional TV forms was their anti-emancipatory direction. The next step is the characterization of so called new TV and the features of new-shows as well as explanation of the categories of discourse and emancipation. It is followed by the subjective survey of popular contemporary TV series in view of changes in representation of excluded or non-normative groups, which concludes with the claim that the predominant social world in neo-series is the “post-” world in which social, racial, gender etc. differences between people become irrelevant. The paper concludes with the question of whether this is a vision of emancipated and anticipated world or simply a strategy to neutralize and make invisible actual and real social and political conflicts.
Panoptikum
|
2011
|
issue 10(17)
92-108
EN
The paper circulates around the question of why do we want to watch anti-heroes in American television series. It answers this question indirectly by defining and characterizing the most prominent male and female anti-heroes, who are very popular especially among the youngest fans of TV series. Tony Soprano, Brian Kinney, Nancy Botwin and Jackie Peyton are analyzed here as representatives of this new kind of characters, who blaze new trail in popular culture. The paper concludes with some remarks on the relation of superhero vs. anti-hero and speculation as to who wins, as well as reflections on the future of American television series and their place on the map of popular culture.
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