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EN
The interest in society towards sport fans’ subculture (mainly subculture of football fans) has increased greatly in recent years. Nowadays this concept is an integral part of various institutional discourses. From the point of view of the communicative space surrounding fans, it has been taken into consideration the scientific discourse as well as the other discourse structures. Sport fans become objects of research in sociology, psychology, folklore study; lately they have also attracted the attention of linguists.By the examples of different types of texts (team fight songs, fans’ autobiographies, communication in chats, jokes and so on) the given article underlines that the fans’ discourse is rather a promising phenomenon as regards the study of language functioning in general. Such discourse research can justifiably be used as a means for metalinguistic reflection that allows to objectify, interpret, specify and develop the scientific knowledge of numerous significant facts of the linguistic reality (illocution, metaphor, verbal aggression, humorous effect, language creativity potential, persuasiveness, modeling, binary oppositions and others). It also should be noted that in language images, which are developed in the fans’ discourse, the cultural, social, historical aspects of the sphere of the concept ‘Sport’ and other important areas of the national perception of the world are profiled.
EN
Heidegger was concerned with the theme of science from his earliest texts until his last works. The introductory part of this study discusses the texts by Heidegger that are key for his understanding of science and which include the presentation of a conception of science. Heidegger’s conception of science can be divided, for temporal and doctrinal reasons, into four phases: 1) a logical conception of science; 2) an existential conception of science; 3) a metaphysical conception of science; and 4) an epochal conception of science. In spite of their terminological and doctrinal differences, the texts are connected by the fact that Heidegger, in each of them, is above all concerned with the basis, that is the emergence of, science, and that he consistently links the emergence of science with a certain deficiency and privation and that, as a result, its constitution is marked by this characterisation. An important role is played in this by the scientific programme. If we follow which aspects of this scientific programme are stressed by Heidegger, and how he characterises that programme, we can see certain milestones in Heidegger’s conception of science. “Basic concepts” (a logical conception of science), objectivisation (an existential conception of science) and the mathematical (a metaphysical conception of science) constitute the basis and foundation of modern science, and are also a central theme of this study, which endeavours to show their mutual relation and their common and differentiating characteristics.
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