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EN
In classic communication, emotion is transferred via three channels: verbal, nonverbal and paraverbal. With the audio description, which should enable blind and visually impaired people to perceive visual processes, the visual channel is omitted. Emotions are objectified using the available linguistic and para-linguistic means. On the basis of the corpora of the German-language audio films, relevant forms and forms of emotion transfer in the audio description are analyzed.
PL
W artykule zaprezentowano współczesne zagraniczne kierunki badań naukowych oraz prac rozwojowych w obszarze edukacji i rehabilitacji osób z dysfunkcją wzroku. Zidentyfikowano następujące główne nurty badawczo-wdrożeniowe: edukacja brajlowska, tyflograficzna i technologie wspomagające – strategie na rzecz nauczania przedmiotów ścisłych; współczesna orientacja przestrzenna osób niewidomych i słabowidzących, uwarunkowania oraz jej efektywność jako predyktor zatrudnienia; aktywność fizyczna osób z dysfunkcją wzroku – stan oraz wytyczne edukacyjno-rehabilitacyjne. Podsumowaniem analiz są konkluzje odnoszące się do zagadnień metodologicznych oraz prakseologicznych.
EN
The article discusses contemporary directions of research and implementation in the field of functioning, education and rehabilitation of blind and visually impaired people. It presents the following main directions: Braille literacy, tactile graphic competences and assistive technologies – strategies in teaching science; contemporary research in orientation and mobility, effectiveness of this process as a predictor of employment; the physical activity of persons with blindness or low vision – data and educational and rehabilitational instructions. The summary of analysis contains methodological and praxeological conclusions.
EN
The article contains results of the experimental analysis of cooperation pecu- liarities of young people with different vision levels (blind, visually impaired, with normal vision). Greater focus is placed on the statement that serious vision disorders depending on their kind and grade make the process of verbal and especially non-verbal means of communication mastering much more complicated. It has been established that young people with serious vision disorders have a low level of integration into social groups, are not active enough in communication, avoid close relationships with those who do not have any vision problems. The authors argue in favour of the importance of blind and sighted people’s cooperation activity provision as an obligatory condition for the development of psychologically proper communication and for the formation of social maturity of a personality, regulating its process of social integration.
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