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EN
The paper considers the issue of unit-linked life insurance, and seeks to verify two hypotheses: that unit-linked life insurance products available on the Polish market have an investment character, and that their main purpose is to multiply invested capital. The study was based on a detailed analysis of the General Terms and Conditions of Insurance, a review of the market of unit-linked life insurance with a particular emphasis on the insurers’ marketing communication and available statistics. It was found that there was no basis to reject the hypotheses, which means that the unit-linked life insurance products in the Polish market represent an alternative form of investment to those offered by other financial institutions. It was also found that the protective part in these products is marginal, and the aim of isolating it is strictly for the legal classification of certain products like unit-linked life insurance.
PL
Globalny kryzys finansowy nie wpłynął dotychczas znacząco na sektor ubezpieczeń w Polsce. W dziale ubezpieczeń majątkowych i innych osobowych nie nastąpiły istotne zmiany podstawowych wskaźników ekonomicznych, zwłaszcza w zakresie składki przypisanej. Rosła ona w niezmienionym tempie o ok. 4% rocznie, począwszy od 1991 r. do 2012 r. Bardziej istotne zmiany nastąpiły w dziale ubezpieczeń na życie, w którym do 2007 r. wzrost składki wynosił ok. 16% rocznie. W 2008 r. nastą-pił gwałtowny wzrost składki (o ok. 50%), po czym w 2009 r. nastąpił spadek o blisko 25%, a w kolejnych latach składka utrzymywała się na niezmienionym poziomie. Dopiero w 2012 r. nastąpił nieco większy wzrost (kilkanaście procent). Uwzględniając te zmiany, w latach 2008-2012 wzrost składki wyniósł przeciętnie ok. 4% rocznie, podobnie jak w ubezpieczeniach majątkowych, a więc dość znacznie obniżył się w stosunku do poprzednich kilkunastu lat, kiedy rozwój ubezpieczeń na życie był wyjątkowo wysoki, co łączyło się z wprowadzeniem nowych rodzajów ubezpieczeń, tj. ubezpieczeń z funduszem kapitałowym. Obecne tempo wzrostu wydaje się ustabilizowane, choć nadal jest nieco wyższe niż w innych krajach europejskich. W okresie globalnego kryzysu nie odnotowano istotnych zakłóceń w zakresie osiąganego zysku i zabezpieczenia finansowego zakładów ubezpieczeń.
EN
The global financial crisis has yet not affected significantly the insurance sector in Poland. In the section of property insurance and other types of personal insurance, there have not taken place any substantial changes of the basic economic indices, particularly as regards the written premium. It was growing at an unaltered rate by approx. 4% annually, starting from 1991 to 2012. More important changes took place in the section of life insurance where, till the year 2007, the growth of premium accounted for approx. 16% per year. In 2008, there took place a rapid growth of premium (by approx. 50%) and, in 2009, there occurred a drop by almost 25%; in the subsequent year, the premium remained at an unaltered level. Only in 2012, there took place a greater growth (more than ten per cent). Taking into account those changes, in 2008-2012, the growth of premium accounted on average for approx. 4% a year, as in property insurance, hence, it declined quite considerably against the previous several years when the development of life insurance was exceptionally high what was connected with the introduction of new types of insurance, i.e. insurance with capital fund. The present growth rate seems to be stabilised though still it is a little bit higher than in other European countries. In the period of global crisis, there were not noted any significant disturbances in the field of gained profit and financial guarantee of insurance companies.
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