Search results - CEJSH

1

Speed, human reality, and the ribovirocell concept of human existence in the COVID19 and post-COVID19 space-time Ribovirocell and resilience to COVID19

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Iheanetu C., Tamášová V., Tandlich R.

Academicus. International Scientific Journal

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2024

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vol. 15

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issue 29

EN

In this follow up paper, the ribovirocell concept from the first part of the study is linked to the ontological realm of human reality before, during and in the aftermath of COVID19. During this fluid space-time, human reality is multi-faceted and often very complicated. The authors present a division of the reality into fundamental reality and situational reality. Fundamental reality is based on the (physical) laws of nature such as the speed of light as a fundamental physical constant. This reality spans beyond the course of time as perceived by humans, which is beyond the duration of a single or multiple human lifespans and beyond the duration of the COIVD19 pandemic. Next to fundamental reality and overlapping with it, exists the situational reality, which humans experience directly themselves during their lifetime(s). Actions of humanity and of individual human beings contribute to the shaping of the situational reality. Examples of the situational reality can be e.g. experiencing atrocities that humanity has committed, humanity’s actions to prevent such atrocities in the future, as well as human progress in eliminating poverty/inequality in the world. At least, some aspects of human lives take place at the boundary between the fundamental and situational reality. The COVID19 pandemic is linked to the concepts and the boundary between the fundamental and situational reality that human’s experiences, such as speed of pandemic impact and shifting nature of reality. The ribovirocell state of one’s self is linked to the way to apply the speed as a threshold concept for resilience in the coronavirus space-time and the post-COVID19 world

2

Indeterministic Temporal Logic

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Trzęsicki K.

Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric

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2015

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vol. 42

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issue 1

139-162

EN

The questions od determinism, causality, and freedom have been the main philosophical problems debated since the beginning of temporal logic. The issue of the logical value of sentences about the future was stated by Aristotle in the famous tomorrow sea-battle passage. The question has inspired Łukasiewicz’s idea of many-valued logics and was a motive of A. N. Prior’s considerations about the logic of tenses. In the scheme of temporal logic there are different solutions to the problem. In the paper we consider indeterministic temporal logic based on the idea of temporal worlds and the relation of accessibility between them.

3

The reaction of the WIG stock market index to changes in the interest rates on bank deposits

100%

PRZEKOTA G., SZCZEPAŃSKA-PRZEKOTA A.

Operations Research and Decisions

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2010

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vol. 20

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issue 1

97-110

EN

Determination of the relationship between the money market and capital market is particularly important from the point of view of taking a decision on the location of investment capital. It may help to forecast future states. This study seeks to determine the relationship of the interest rate on deposits in zloty with the WIG stock index and the volume of turnover on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. Analysis of correlation and VAR models are used. Analysis of long-term correlation indicates a negative relationship between the interest rate on deposits in banks and the value of the WIG stock-index. However, this may be spurious. The dependence between these variables may be more complex and should rather be seen as short term. It seems that in general the impact of an increase in interest rates on the value of the WIG index is negative in the short term, just as in the long term. In addition, in the short term these variables can move in the same direction. The results obtained in the research are consistent with results obtained for other national markets. This applies in particular to the relatively weak, negative correlation described above.

4

Context and Animacy Play a Role in Dynamic Decision-Making

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Osman M., Ananiadis-Basias A.

Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation

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2013

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vol. 9

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issue 2

61-78

EN

Perception, judgment, and reasoning are all processes that are sensitive to cues to animacy (i.e. the presence of signals that indicate an object behaves as if it has intentions and internal goals). The present study investigated the following question: Does animacy facilitate decision-making in a dynamic control system? To address this, the present study used a dynamic decision-making task and compared behavior in four different contexts (Abstract, Animate-Social, Inanimate-Social, Inanimate-Non-social). Participants were randomly allocated to one of these contexts, and in each version they were required to learn to manipulate variables in order to bring the dynamic system to a desirable state and maintain it at that level. The findings suggest that it is not animacy per se that facilitates decision-making behavior, but rather the presence of a context. However, animacy made an impact on the type of strategic behavior implemented when interacting with the dynamic system. We argue that context induces general beliefs about causal relationships in dynamic environments that generalize across animate as well as inanimate contexts.

5

Using of the VAR Model in Analysis of Interest Rates Relationship in Poland

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Rembeza J., Przekota G., Technical University of Koszalin I. o. E. a. M.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica

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2009

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vol. 228

PL

W opracowaniu analizowano powiązania pomiędzy dziennymi, miesięcznymi, rocznymi i pięcioletnimi stopami procentowymi w Polsce. W analizie wykorzystano modele VAR, funkcje odpowiedzi na impuls oraz dekompozycję wariancji. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że dominuje oddziaływanie stóp długookresowych na stopy krótkookresowe. Taki charakter powiązań wskazuje na występowanie zwrotnej, wzmocnionej reakcji stóp procentowych.

EN

In this research it is examined the relationship between daily, monthly, yearly and 5-yearly interest rates in Poland. VAR model was used in analyze, the impulse response function and variance decomposition. These results indicate that there is influence of long-term interest rates on short-term rates. Such a relationship indicates the presence of feedback, an enhanced response rates.

6

Moral Responsibility for Natural Disasters

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Dranseika V.

Human Affairs

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2015

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vol. 26

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issue 1

73-79

EN

My aim in this paper is to explore the idea of human moral responsibility for (the outcomes) of natural disasters. First, I discuss the claim that there is often a human causal contribution to negative outcomes of even such paradigmatic natural disasters as earthquakes, typhoons, and volcano eruptions. Second, I attempt to move away from discussions attributing human causal responsibility to discussions attributing human moral responsibility for such outcomes (and to the obstacles to such attributions). I suggest that in most (perhaps even all) cases of moral responsibility for the outcomes of natural disasters moral responsibility is grounded in culpable negligence, including culpable failure to prevent the side-effects of our actions or omissions.

7

Causality between foreign direct investment in the automotive sector and export performance of Macedonian economy

100%

Damoska Sekuloska J.

Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

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2018

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vol. 13

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issue 3

427-443

EN

Research background: Foreign direct investment is perceived as a valuable tool for economic growth. The growth could be realized more or less as a set of benefits depending on the FDIs features. In the period from 2009 to 2016 a remarkable increase in the share of FDIs inflow in automotive sector in Macedonian economy was noticed, from 2.8% to 14.1%. Thus, there seem to be good reasons to examine the issue of how the increased FDI inflow expressed through the remarkable in-crease of FDIs inflow in the automotive sector. Purpose of the article: The aim of the paper is to analyze the causality between the increased FDIs inflow in the automotive industry and a remarkable export growth. The research interest of the study is to recognize the importance of the FDIs inflow structure as a determinant of the export structure. Methods: Within the paper a model is developed that identifies the FDIs as a factor of growth of the export performances. A regression analysis is used to examine the correlation between the FDIs inflow and export. In order to examine causality, the Granger causality test is applied between the FDIs inflow and increased export. Findings & Value added: The results suggest that FDIs create a good basis for quantitative and qualitative shift in the export structure of the Macedonian economy. The paper associates growth of sectoral export with the growth of FDIs in that sector. Due to the increased FDI inflow in the automotive industry, this sector has significantly increased its share in the total Macedonian export. The paper indicates that FDIs can be considered as a way of engagement in the global supplying chains, which additionally influences positively the competitiveness and export performance of the host suppliers.

8

O źródłach teorii przyczynowania celowego w tomizmie konsekwentnym

100%

Szczepkowska W.

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae

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2008

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vol. 6

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issue 1

517-532

9

On the Relation Between Health and Income: A Cross-Country Analysis

100%

Kobylinski K., Tyrowicz J.

Central European Economic Journal

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2018

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vol. 5

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issue 52

EN

An examination of the correlation between health and wealth cannot determine the direction of causality between the two. Countries’ geographic characteristics have an important effect on health, and they are plausibly uncorrelated with other determinants of wealth. This paper uses two climate variables – population-weighted temperature and precipitation – to obtain instrumental variables estimates of the effect of health on wealth.

10

Existence

100%

Skorupski J.

Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne

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2013

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issue 24

5-16

XX

The question what really—ultimately, basically, and so forth—exists remains a fundamental question of philosophy. It is also, however, a prime example of how misleading it can be to try to answer a philosophical question without first taking pains to clarify it. In this case, clarification has turned out to be difficult and controversial, which leads to a meta-question: Is this apparently fundamental question—the ontological question—also a pseudo-question, a question that should be dissolved rather than solved? This paper answers for an answer that is somewhat Meinongian.

11

Ludwik Silberstein o przyczynowości w przyrodzie

88%

Flin P., Stępień A.

Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce

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2011

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issue 49

138-148

PL

In this paper we present the opinions of Ludwik Silberstein (1872-1948) on the question of causality in the scientiﬁc investigations. The discussion is based on the examples taken from physics and astronomy. Silberstein is convinced that the principle of causality is an important heuristic law, a diﬀerent kind of law of nature (as, for example, Kepler’s laws or Ohm’s law).

12

Badanie zależności pomiędzy handlem zagranicznym a PKB z wykorzystaniem modelu VAR oraz przyczynowości Grangera

88%

Pisarski M.

Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics

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2013

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issue 4(42)

103-116

EN

The main goal of this paper is to examine relationships between GDP and inter-national trade (exports and imports). Foreign trade channels which can affect national in-come have been listed and the impact of trade on GDP was described. Differences between a closed and an open economy are shown. The autoregression vector (VAR) model was used as well as Granger causality test. Quarterly dataset for the USA, the period from 1997:Q1 to 2013:Q3 was used. The results of Granger causality test led us to the conclusion that export causes GDP and also GDP and import affect each other (in Granger causality).

13

The minimum wage in Poland and its connection to unemployment: Evaluating causality

88%

Sikora A.

Zeszyty Naukowe Małopolskiej Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomicznej w Tarnowie

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2021

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vol. 50

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issue 2

65-77

PL

Celem artykułu jest ocena zależności między wynagrodzeniem minimalnym, zatrudnieniem i bezrobociem w Polsce. Przedstawiono przegląd teoretycznych aspektów płacy minimalnej, głównych motywacji za jej stosowaniem, a także potencjalnych negatywnych konsekwencji. Płaca minimalna w Polsce zostaje przedstawiona na tle innych krajów Unii Europejskiej. Wykorzystując metodę Toda-Yamamoto oraz dane kwartalne GUS i ILOSTAT obejmujące lata 2002–2019, zbadano przyczynowość Grangera między indeksem Kaitza a wybranymi wskaźnikami rynku pracy. Wyniki wskazują na istnienie jednokierunkowej przyczynowości Grangera między wskaźnikiem Kaitza a ogólną stopą bezrobocia. Nie wykryto podobnych zależności w przypadku pozostałych badanych wskaźników, w tym między innymi stopy zatrudnienia i stopy bezrobocia wśród osób młodych.

EN

The paper’s primary goal is the evaluation of the relationship between minimum wage, employment, and unemployment in Poland in the past two decades. It presents an overview of theoretical aspects of minimum wages, the main motivations behind its implementation, as well as potential negative consequences. The minimum wage in Poland is presented in comparison to other European Union countries. Finally, using a Toda-Yamamoto approach and quarterly data covering the years 2002–2019, the Granger causality between the Kaitz index and selected labour market indicators is examined. The results indicate the presence of unidirectional Granger causality between the Kaitz index and the general unemployment rate. It does not indicate similar relationships for other examined indicators, including employment rate and youth unemployment rate.

14

The Casual Relationship Between Knowledge Spillovers and Economic Growth: The Turkish Case

88%

Ozturk I., Acaravci A., Seyfettin A.

Ekonomista

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2015

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issue 2

189-201

PL

Artykuł analizuje determinanty międzynarodowych przepływów wiedzy za pośrednictwem importu dóbr inwestycyjnych i bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych oraz ich wpływ na wzrost gospodarczy na przykładzie Turcji. W tym celu zbadane zostały krótkoi długookresowe zależności przyczynowo-skutkowe pomiędzy transferami wiedzy i głównymi wskaźnikami makroekonomicznymi opisującymi rozwój gospodarki Turcji w okresie od 1 kw. 1992 r. do 3 kw. 2007 r. (tzn. w okresie 15 lat poprzedzających wybuch globalnego kryzysu fi nansowo-ekonomicznego). Wyniki testu kointegracji ARDL wskazują na istnienie długookresowej zależności pomiędzy zmiennymi modelu (import dóbr inwestycyjnych, zagraniczne inwestycje bezpośrednie, PKB, akumulacja kapitału trwałego, eksport i import) na poziomie istotności 1%. Artykuł bada także zależność między transferem wiedzy a wzrostem gospodarczym, wykorzystując do tego celu testy przyczynowości. Grangera z opóźnioną korektą błędu. Wyniki wskazują, że wystęouje tu długookresowa zależność przyczynowo-skutkowa w sensie Grangera pomiędzy zmiennymi niezależnymi modelu a importem dóbr inwestycyjnych, jednokierunkowa zależność krótkookresowa między importem dóbr inwestycyjnych i wielkością krajowych inwestycji oraz jednokierunkowa krótkookresowa zależność między eksportem i PKB.

EN

This study has pointed out the long run determinants of the foreign knowledge and it spillovers effects, which come from capital goods imports. For this purpose, we explored both short-run and long-run causal relationships between foreign knowledge spillovers and its main determinants for Turkish economy over the 1992:Q1–2007:Q3 period. Results from ARDL bounds testing approach of cointegration indicate that there is an evidence of a long-run relation between the variables (capital goods imports, foreign direct investment, GDP, fixed capital formation, exports and imports) in the model at 1% significance level. This study also investigates the causality relationship between knowledge spillovers and economic growth by using Granger causality models augmented with a lagged error-correction term. According to the results from causality models, there are a long-run Granger causality running from the independent variables to capital goods imports variable, and an unidirectional short-run causal relationship from capital goods imports to domestic investments, and an unidirectional short-run causal relationship from exports to GDP.

RU

В статье анализируются детерминанты международных трансфертов знаний, осуществляемых посредством импорта инвестиционных благ и прямых иностранных инвестиций, а также их влияние на экономический рост на примере Турции. С этой целью были исследованы кратко- и долгосрочные причинно-следственные зависимости между трансфертами знаний и главными макроэкономическими показателями, описывающими развитие экономики Турции в период с первого квартала 1992 г. до третьего квартала 2007 г. (т.е. в период 15 лет, предшествующих всплеску глобального финансово-экономического кризиса). Результаты теста коинтеграции ARDL указывают на существование долгосрочной зависимости между переменными модели (импорт инвестиционных благ, прямые иностранные инвестиции, ВВП, накопление постоянного капитала, экспорт и импорт) на уровне существенности в 1%. В статье исследуется зависимость между трансфертом знаний и экономическим ростом, с использованием для этой цели теста Гренджера на причинность с лагами корректировки ошибок. Результаты указывают на наличие долгосрочной причинно-следственной зависимости по Гренджеру между независимыми переменными модели и импортом инвестиционных благ, односторонней краткосрочной зависимости между импортом инвестиционных благ и величиной отечественных инвестиций, а также односторонней краткосрочной зависимости между экспортом и ВВП.

15

Oko i Skarbiec Prawdziwego Prawa, zwój siódmy: Głęboka wiara w przyczynę-i-skutek

88%

Kigen D., Kanert M.

ARGUMENT: Biannual Philosophical Journal

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2017

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vol. 7

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issue 1

157-165

EN

Źródło przekładu: Kawamura Kōdō (Red. i przyp.). Dōgen zenji zenshū, dai 2 kan. Tōkyō: Shunjūsha.

16

Causal Analysis Between Liquidity and Profitability: Is There Any Difference Between Public and Private Commercial Banks in Bangladesh?

88%

Islam Q. B. T.

Journal of Banking and Financial Economics

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2020

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issue 2(14)

38-46

EN

This paper analyzes the causal relationship between liquidity and profitability for public and private commercial banks in Bangladesh. The augmented Dickey-Fuller test of stationarity is carried out first. As they are found to be integrated of the same order, the Engle-Granger test of cointegration is applied. Finally, the Granger causality test is applied to check if there is any causal relationship between liquidity and profitability for public and private commercial banks in Bangladesh from 2001 to 2019. Another aim of the paper is to see if there is any difference in the causal relationship between these two bank typologies. The results show that there is unidirectional causality from profitability to liquidity for public banks while no causal relationship is evident for private commercial banks in Bangladesh. The findings further confirm that different bank typologies behave differently in Bangladesh and hence policy makers should keep this in mind during policy formulation.

17

Causality in western and eastern philosophies

88%

Teuchmann R.

Kwartalnik Filozoficzny

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2020

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vol. 48

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issue 4

5-28

EN

The general outline of the issue of causality in Western and Eastern philosophies shows that any concept of causality has always depended on the way of understanding reality. In classical European metaphysics, causes explained the existence of being, but from the time of Galileo this concept came to be used only to explain phenomena and events taking place in the experienced world. Eventually, the concept of a cause became more and more restricted, and even discredited. But there are also attempts to rehabilitate the importance of causation, especially in the research of those who try to refer to classical metaphysics. Of course, we cannot forget phenomenological research, in which causality belongs to the system of the constituted, intentional world and makes sense only within it. This dependence of the known object on the subject of knowledge is particularly evident in the philosophy of the East, mainly in the philosophy of India. All the disputes within this tradition have concerned the question whether the effect preexists within the cause or not. Accordingly, two opposing views have formed: satkāryavāda and asatkāryavāda. The first one (satkāryavāda) represents Sankya and Advaita Vedanta, the second (asatkāryavāda) – the system of Nyaya.

18

Polomnožiny a emergence v umělé inteligenci

75%

Romportl J.

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

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2016

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vol. 64

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issue 4

587-599

EN

The principle of emergence is, today, a key paradigm in the area of the development of systems of artificial intelligence. This article sketches the prospects for tackling emergence in artificial intelligence using Vopěnka’s alternative set theory applied to a model of interaction between two causal domains. Starting from the relations between semiset σ- a π- classes grounding naturally-infinite causal domains, it is shown why in emergent systems one cannot adequately explain relations between interacting domains, and that a key aspect of emergence is natural infinity. In addition, the article briefly proposes the possibility of a causal description of emergent systems with the help of Vopěnka’s monad defined by a relation of indiscernibility.

19

Necessity and the physicalist account in Aristotle’s Physics. Difficulties with the rainfall example

75%

Olesiak J.

Diametros

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2015

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issue Diametros 45

35-58

EN

The aim of the present article is to consider the shortcomings of the physicalist rainfall example set forth by Aristotle in Physics II.8. I first outline the ancient physicalist account of the coming-to-be of natural organisms and the accompanying rejection of the teleological character of such processes. Then I examine the rainfall example itself. The fundamental difficulty is that rainfall does not appear to have a proper nature. Hence it is not natural in the strict sense and cannot be used in arguments either for or against natural teleology. Rainfall can at most have an end in a weak sense, which makes it inadequate as a paradigm. Furthermore, the physicalist conception of action for an end is itself flawed. I argue that they construe it anthropomorphically and falsely presuppose a symmetry between coming-to-be and ceasing-to-be. I would like to thank Hasse Hamalainen and Marcin Karas for looking at earlier drafts of this paper. I am also especially grateful for the numerous remarks and suggestions of three anonymous referees

20

Manifestation of traits of semantic structure of the verba sentiendi innominalization processes (based on the Polish and Bulgarian languages)

75%

Rocznik Slawistyczny

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2018

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issue LXVII

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