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1
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Circadian rhythms and second language performance

100%
de Bot K., Fang f.
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
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2017
|
vol. 7
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issue 1
47-60
EN
Human behavior is not constant over the hours of the day, and there are considerable individual differences. Some people raise early and go to bed early and have their peek performance early in the day (“larks”) while others tend to go to bed late and get up late and have their best performance later in the day (“owls”). In this contribution we report on three projects on the role of chronotype (CT) in language processing and learning. The first study (de Bot, 2013) reports on the impact of CT on language learning aptitude and word learning. The second project was reported in Fang (2015) and looks at CT and executive functions, in particular inhibition as measured by variants of the Stroop test. The third project aimed at assessing lexical access in L1 and L2 at preferred and non-preferred times of the day. The data suggest that there are effects of CT on language learning and processing. There is a small effect of CT on language aptitude and a stronger effect of CT on lexical access in the first and second language. The lack of significance for other tasks is mainly caused by the large interindividual and intraindividual variation.
2
Content available remote

Circadian rhythms and second language performance

100%
de Bot K., Fang F.
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
|
2017
|
vol. 7
|
issue 1
47-60
EN
Human behavior is not constant over the hours of the day, and there are considerable individual differences. Some people raise early and go to bed early and have their peek performance early in the day (“larks”) while others tend to go to bed late and get up late and have their best performance later in the day (“owls”). In this contribution we report on three projects on the role of chronotype (CT) in language processing and learning. The first study (de Bot, 2013) reports on the impact of CT on language learning aptitude and word learning. The second project was reported in Fang (2015) and looks at CT and executive functions, in particular inhibition as measured by variants of the Stroop test. The third project aimed at assessing lexical access in L1 and L2 at preferred and non-preferred times of the day. The data suggest that there are effects of CT on language learning and processing. There is a small effect of CT on language aptitude and a stronger effect of CT on lexical access in the first and second language. The lack of significance for other tasks is mainly caused by the large interindividual and intraindividual variation.
3
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A multifaceted assessment of the nutritional status, diet and eating habits of midwives working on a shift schedule in Wrocław, Poland: evaluation of macronutrients, vitamins and minerals in the diets of midwives participating in the study

75%
Gołąbek K. D., Chmielewska A., Karoluk E., Regulska-Ilow B.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2023
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vol. 36
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issue 5
618-631
EN
Objectives The aim of the study was to assess the nutritional status and diet of midwives working on a shift schedule in public hospitals in Wrocław, Poland, and to analyze the variation in their diet according to their working hours (day shift, night shift) and on a non-working day. Material and Methods In the group of 50 midwives, employed in 4 public hospitals in Wrocław weight and body composition, waist and hip circumference, waist-hip-ratio and BMI were assessed. The nutritional habits and quality of the study participants’ diets were assessed by 3-days food dietary recall, including 1 day shift day, 1 night shift day, and 1 non-working day. Results More than half of the subjects were assessed as having excess body weight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2). Thirty percent of participants had BMI ≥25–<30 kg/m2 and 24% BMI ≥30 kg/m2, 70% had a body fat percentage >30%. Fifty-six percent of the diets had an energy value <90% of the subject’s total daily energy expenditure. Significantly higher energy value of diets on the night shift day compared to the morning shift day (1959.05±596.09 kcal vs. 1715.36±654.55 kcal, p = 0.01) were observed. The same relationship applied to cholesterol content (349.50±155.33 mg vs. 261.39±190.59 mg, p = 0.002). A high intake of phosphorus and sodium, exceeding the recommended dietary intake, was noticed. Conclusions The occurrence of a night shift in the shift work schedule is an element of that model that may have a significant impact on the nutritional and health value of shift workers’ diets. Therefore, it seems reasonable to implement nutritional education programs promoting healthy eating choices and habits during night work.
4
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Measuring the effects of night-shift work on cardiac autonomic modulation: an appraisal of heart rate variability metrics

75%
Fink A. M.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2020
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vol. 33
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issue 4
409-425
EN
Night-shift workers may develop poor cardiovascular health. Studies about heart rate variability (HRV) metrics could identify risk factors in this population and be used to examine the effectiveness of interventions for optimizing the health of night-shift workers. The purpose of this review was to examine the use of HRV methodologies in studies about night-shift work. Overall, 34 articles met the selection criteria and underwent a methodological critique. The main conclusion across these studies was that night-shift work could increase the sympathetic influences on the variability between heartbeats. In many cases, however, important methodological details were omitted (e.g., the number and duration of electrocardiogram recordings, sampling rates, R–R segment duration, wavelet transform methods). Recommendations include adding measures of disease outcomes, using ≥250 Hz sampling rates and 600-s R–R segments, and measuring sleep and circadian rhythms. With these approaches, researchers can design investigations that identify therapeutic targets for improving the health of night-shift workers.
5
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Praca w nocy a prolaktyna jako czynnik ryzyka raka piersi

63%
Bukowska A., Pepłońska B.
Medycyna Pracy
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2013
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vol. 64
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issue 2
245-257
EN
Prolactin - a hormone secreted in a circadian rhythm acts as a regulator of growth and development of the mammary glands. It has been observed that working at night increases breast cancer risk in women. Night shift work, probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A IARC), can disrupt a circadian rhythm, and thus potentially alter the rhythm of prolactin secretion. The aim of our work was to review epidemiological evidence on the association between prolactin and the risk of breast cancer and the influence of work at night on prolactin secretion. Search was done in the Medline database by keywords (shift work, work at night, risk of breast cancer and prolactin). The increased proliferation of breast cells activated by prolactin can promote the development of cancer. The results of the largest epidemiological prospective studies suggest the association between prolactin levels and the risk of breast cancer in women. So far, only seven studies have investigated the association between work at night and prolactin secretion. In three studies lower concentrations of prolactin have been observed in night shift workers. No relationship between the night shift work duration and prolactin level in women have been reported. Night shift work can modify the profile of prolactin secretion in night workers, probably decreasing the secretion of this hormone at night. It is therefore unlikely that prolactin plays an important role in the development of breast cancer in women working at night. This conclusion is based on the results of a few epidemiological studies. Med Pr 2013;64(2):245–257
PL
Prolaktyna jest hormonem wydzielanym w rytmie okołodobowym, pełniącym funkcję regulatora wzrostu i rozwoju gruczołów piersiowych. W przypadku pracy w nocy - uznanej za czynnik prawdopodobnie rakotwórczy u ludzi - obserwuje się zwiększone ryzyko zachorowania na raka piersi u kobiet pracujących w nocy. Praca nocna może powodować zaburzenia rytmu okołodobowego, więc potencjalnie może modyfikować rytm wydzielania prolaktyny. Celem niniejszej pracy był przegląd badań epidemiologicznych dotyczących związku między prolaktyną a ryzykiem zachorowania na raka piersi oraz wpływu pracy nocnej na wydzielanie prolaktyny u pracowników. Publikacje dotyczące tej tematyki wyszukiwano w bazie Medline z użyciem słów kluczowych (praca zmianowa, praca w nocy, ryzyko raka piersi a poziom prolaktyny). Wzmożona proliferacja komórek gruczołu piersiowego aktywowana prolaktyną może być przyczyną rozwoju nowotworu. Wyniki dużych badań prospektywnych wskazują na istniejącą zależność między wysokim stężeniem prolaktyny a zwiększonym ryzykiem zachorowania na raka piersi u kobiet. Jak dotąd przeprowadzono tylko 7 badań, w których analizowano wydzielanie prolaktyny u osób pracujących w nocy. W 3 badaniach, w których oznaczano stężenia prolaktyny kilkakrotnie w nocy, obserwowano niższe stężenia hormonu u osób pracujących w czasie zmiany nocnej. Nie zaobserwowano zależności między długością stażu pracy na zmiany nocne kobiet a stężeniem prolaktyny. Praca w nocy może modyfikować profil nocnej sekrecji prolaktyny u pracowników, z najprawdopodobniej zmniejszeniem wydzielania tego hormonu w nocy. Jest więc mało prawdopodobne, aby prolaktyna odgrywała istotną rolę w rozwoju raka piersi u kobiet pracujących na zmiany nocne. Wniosek ten powstał jednak w oparciu o wyniki nielicznych badań epidemiologicznych. Med. Pr. 2013;64(2):245–257
6
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Ergonomia i organizacja pracy zdalnej – aspekt zdrowotny i zalecenia dotyczące organizacji biura domowego

51%
Janc M., Lipiec E., Jóźwiak Z., Polańska K., Makowiec-Dąbrowska T.
Medycyna Pracy
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2024
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vol. 75
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issue 1
69-80
EN
Analyses of the economic activity of the Polish population indicate that in 2023, about 7% of all employees performed, usually or sometimes, their work in the form of remote work. The purpose of this publication is to analyze the impact of working with screen-monitor devices on computer vision syndromes, musculoskeletal disorders, circadian rhythm, and to identify recommendations for the proper organization of the home office. A narrative review of the existing literature on the impact of work with the use of devices equipped with screen monitors on the health of employees was performed, as well as recommendations in the above-mentioned area were presented. The most important factors determining the load on the visual organs and musculoskeletal system and affecting the overall health and well-being of employees during remote work are the proper arrangement of the workstation (in accordance with ergonomic principles) and the organization of work (limiting the time spent working at the computer/laptop, systematic active breaks) and healthy sleep habits. It is crucial that both employers, occupational health professionals and employees themselves are aware of the importance to their health of correct preparation of the home office, and have adequate knowledge in this regard.
PL
Analizy dotyczące aktywności ekonomicznej ludności Polski wskazują, że w 2023 r. ok. 7% wszystkich pracujących wykonywało, zwykle lub czasami, pracę w formie zdalnej. Celem publikacji jest analiza wpływu pracy z wykorzystaniem urządzeń wyposażonych w monitory ekranowe na narząd wzroku, występowanie dolegliwości mięśniowo-szkieletowych, rytm okołodobowy oraz wskazanie rekomendacji dotyczących prawidłowej organizacji biura domowego. Dokonano narracyjnego przeglądu piśmiennictwa dotyczącego wpływu pracy z wykorzystaniem urządzeń wyposażonych w monitory ekranowe na zdrowie pracowników oraz przedstawiono rekomendacje w tym zakresie. Najważniejszymi czynnikami decydującymi o obciążeniu narządu wzroku i układu mięśniowo-szkieletowego oraz wpływającymi na ogólny stan zdrowia i samopoczucie pracowników podczas pracy zdalnej są: właściwa aranżacja stanowiska pracy (zgodnie z zasadami ergonomii), odpowiednia organizacja pracy (ograniczenie czasu pracy przy komputerze/laptopie, stonowanie systematycznych, aktywnych przerw w pracy) oraz higiena snu. Kluczowe znaczenie ma wiedza zarówno pracodawców, profesjonalistów zajmujących się zdrowiem pracowników, jak i samych pracowników na temat znaczenia dla zdrowia właściwego przygotowania biura domowego.
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