Search results - CEJSH

1

Aborygeni australijscy – zatraceni w cywilizacji

100%

Kandzia-Poździał A.

Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne

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2015

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vol. 46

101-117

EN

Aboriginal Australians last in the age of perdition. There has been 224 years since the day that Captain Arthur Phillip came to Australia with British convicts. Since then almost every day Aboriginal ‘collide with civilization’ and fight for surviving. All rules of tribal life had to be replaced by new ones. They had to wear clothes, live in houses of bricks, and work. All of this was completely different from the previous life. ‘White civilization’ that has brought the development into the Antipodes has also brought reasons of perdition. Among those: illnesses, which decimate Aboriginal clans, and alcohol, which destroys all residues of ancient Stone Age culture and causes many social problems. For several dozen years, Australian government has been trying to make up for Aboriginal wrong, but programs for improvement of their situation do not work. ‘Civilization’, in social evolutionists’ opinion, should be the highest level of people’s culture, for Aboriginal though it is some kind of abyss in which they cannot or they do not want to find a proper place for themselves.

2

The Logics of Sense and the Russian-Ukrainian War

100%

Raikhert K.

Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture

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2022

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vol. 6

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issue 4

96-106

EN

The study examines Russian philosopher Andrei Smirnov’s conception of the logic of sense as a way of providing exposition of the reasons for the Russian-Ukrainian war. The logic of sense is simultaneously a theory of rules of sense-setting and the very rules of sense-setting created by a culture and the ruling culture. Smirnov thinks that the reasons lie in the clash between common-human European culture and its logic of sense and all-human Russian culture and its logic of sense. Smirnov sees no difference between Russians and Ukrainians and considers the Ukrainian culture an essential and indispensable part of Russian culture. Therefore, the expansion of the common-human European culture to Ukraine challenges the all-human Russian culture.

3

Contemporary threats to state security - an overview of the issues

100%

Ciupka S., Sanetra-Półgrabi S.

Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Finansów i Prawa w Bielsku-Białej

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2020

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issue 4

9-13

EN

At the end of the twentieth and beginning of the twenty-first century, significant changes in the environment of international and state security have taken place and are continuing. These changes are both qualitative and quantitative. We are observing the collapse of the bipolar division of the world in terms of security, and at the same time new threats of military and non-military nature appear. The fascinating development of the scientific and technical revolution, the development of the global information network has caused the world to shrink and time has become of strategic importance. Security threats on a global scale, caused by the arms race, both in weapons of mass destruction and conventional weapons, have intensified, international terrorism, genocide, mass migration, pandemics, conflict between Western civilization and the world of Islam. The article will address some issues of security threats, especially from the point of view of the state, as well as attempts to oppose these negative security threats.

4

Kulturowe aspekty bezpieczeństwa: postmodernistyczne zagrożenia tożsamości kulturowej

100%

Szocik M.

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Politologica

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2014

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issue 12

101-107

EN

The article discusses the most important issues related to cultural identity. It defines cultural identity and determines its place on the global cultural map. The author of the article also deals with defining the level of relation between cultural identity and security, both from the collective and individual perspective. In the article, appear questions about the future of culture in the world that is subject to dehumanization processes.

5

Przemiany cywilizacyjne a współczesne zagrożenia wychowawcze okresu dojrzewania

100%

Jaczewski A., Toczyski P.

Rocznik Towarzystwa Naukowego Płockiego

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2015

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vol. 7

s. 323-331

PL

Autorzy wskazują na dwojakiego rodzaju zagrożenia wychowawcze związane z okresem dojrzewania i przemianami cywilizacyjnymi. Po pierwsze, przywołują zjawisko rozbieżności komponentów dojrzewania związane z przyśpieszeniem rozwoju. Po drugie zaś, wskazują na rozbieżność w sprawności obsługi nowych technologii wobec niewielkiej psychospołecznej dojrzałości do uczestnictwa w obiegu medialnym. W tej połączonej perspektywie „od biologii do technologii” sytuują zjawisko klęski wychowawczej współczesnej szkoły.

EN

The authors pay attention to two kinds of educational threats connected with puberty and civilization changes. Firstly, the phenomenon of divergence components of puberty associated with the acceleration of development is outlined. Secondly, it is presented the divergence in efficient using of new technology and little psychosocial maturity to participate in circulation media. In this combined problem „from biology to technology” the phenomenon of educational disaster of modern school is located.

6

Moralność i religia a rozwój kapitalizmu w ujęciu Deepaka Lala

100%

Matera P., Matera R.

Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym

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2011

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vol. 14

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issue 1

55-65

EN

The economist Deepak Lal researches the influence of morality and religion on the shaping of capitalism in different civilizations. His thought was confronted with the remarks of other institutionalists. Lal tries to find out what was the influence of the cost of transactions and the religious beliefs on the evolution of capitalism in chosen countries and regions. Lal claims that materialistic beliefs of agricultural civilizations had not played the key role in the economic growth. The reforms in the Church in the Middle Ages allowed to spread of the instinct of exchange and production of homo oeconomicus. As a result the individualism started to dominate over collectivism. Lal tries to prove that the individualism was not the basis of the Christian faith. The following virtues as: diligence, discipline, frugality, self-help, self-control have had secular origin and nowadays they are more common in India and China than in the West. The Asian civilizations face the dilemma during the economic expansion of the West. They had to choose the path of their development. China and India followed Japan and they modernized without westernization. They tried to find middle course between the tradition and the modernity. We tried to emphasize in the article, that none of the religions have determined the economic fate of the countries. Rather, the morality of the societies and the decision-makers’ beliefs had an influence on economic development.

7

A FEW REMARKS ON THE METHODOLOGY OF THE HISTORY OF SAFETY RESEARCH

100%

Kazimierski Z.

International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences

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2019

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vol. 9(1)

301-310

EN

In this article, the author discusses the unanswered subject of the methodology of researching the history of safety. The starting point of his deliberations is the presen-tation of safety issues, the subject of safety history and discussion of the directions and methods of history research indicated in the literature. Next, the author justifies the necessity to start work on the methodology of safety history, then indicates the emer-gence of separate safety subdisciplines such as: safety philosophy, sociology of safety, safety psychology, safety culture. The natural consequence of this development of science, which is safety, should be the introduction of a safety history. An additional argument is the conduct of a subject in this field at Polish universities. In the further part of the article periodical patterns of history are presented. It is intended as a starting point for conducting safety history research. Finally, the author analyses the pos-sibilities of the research.

8

Ambiwalencja kryzysów i zagrożeń

100%

Golka M.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2013

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issue 4(349)

3-20

EN

The first part of the article presents a general theoretical reflection on the conceptions of crises and threats. A thesis is proposed that differentiation of crises, threats and catastrophes is by no means obvious, and this pertains also to their causes and effects. The second part of the paper lists a few dozen events from the history of European civilization which testify to an almost continual existence or at least recurrence of various crises, conflicts and problems. Moreover, the recurring observations of intellectuals with a critical, at times even catastrophic outlook on European (or in broader terms – western) history are mentioned. The last part of the paper is an attempt to answer the question of the nature and causes of the present crisis of civilization and its potential further implications. The author also reflects on whether we are facing a crisis (or perhaps a threat) of our civilization only, or whether it is a threat that pertains to the entire contemporary civilization on a global scale.

9

Gilson on Philosophy and Civilization

100%

Fafara R. J.

Studia Gilsoniana

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2019

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vol. 8

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issue 2

213-227

EN

In his essay “The Role of Philosophy in the History of Civilization” presented at the 6th International Philosophical Congress at Harvard in 1926, Gilson outlined three general trends among historians of philosophy. Some reduce the history of philosophy to study sources and find explanations of the philosophy beyond itself. Others try to go beyond the source of a given philosophy to find the original intuition that generates it. A third position, which Gilson espoused, is ahistorical. It depends neither on society nor on the creative genius of philosophers; it is simply truth. Systems of philosophy are uniquely conditioned by the necessary relations that link the ideas. If philosophies are expressions of an eternal truth, dominating men and societies, which discovers itself progressively by the mediation of philosophers, philosophy is transcendent with regard to every given state of civilization and the worth of a civilization depends upon the extent it participates in truth. Gilson’s conception of philosophy can go far in restoring Western civilization’s loss of confidence in human reason with its resulting pathologies and threats to human freedom today.

10

Szkodliwe interakcje wewnątrzrodzinne w kontekście cywilizacyjnych przemian

100%

Mastalski J.

Studia Pastoralne

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2015

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vol. 11

122-141

EN

A contemporary family bears the consequences of the universal affirmation of individualism, laxism and consumerism. Consequently, alternatives for the home are boldly searched for, demolishing at the same time the traditional social order. The author discusses the most disturbing interfamilial phenomena associated with relationships. These are: the tendencies to compete; aggressive interactions; lack of desired mutual cross-references because of absence; individualism; superficiality of interactions between members of the household; inadequate communication in the family house; the growing manipulation in mutual relations; interactions resulting from co-addiction; “insulation relationships”; mediatization of mutual interpersonal relationships; interactions resulting from the permutations of roles in the family and toxic relationships as a result of atrophy of the family bonds. The article concludes with a proposal of a remedial program.

11

Turcja w Unii Europejskiej – dialog czy zderzenie cywilizacji?

100%

Chojan A.

Myśl Ekonomiczna i Polityczna

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2011

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issue 1-2(32-33)

151-169

EN

The article is aimed at systematizing the discussion about the Turkish membership of the European Union. The author presents the difficult historical Turkish route to the European Union, which started in the 1950s when the Turkish state joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and finished with the accession negotiations initiated in 2005. The subject matter of the analysis is also an answer to the question about the European roots of Turkey. The author discusses the location of Turkey because the literature of the topic does not explicitly define whether Turkey is in Europe or not. He also wonders whether the absence of Christianity as a major religion in Turkey is an obstacle in the process of European integration and how the Europeans will react to a larger emigration of the Muslim population. As far as the issue of Turkish membership of the European Union is concerned, the key problems are the effects of such accession. The author proposes a thesis that Turkish accession to the European Union will basically strengthen the position of big countries in the voting procedure of the Council of the European Union. However, on the other hand, Turkey will be a big burden for the European budget because it needs many reforms. The article also deals with the issue of substituting the full membership with an idea of privileged membership, which Turkey is not going to accept, and the Polish involvement in the process of Turkish accession. A discussion about Turkish accession will continue for many years. Member states’ attitudes towards Ankara’s membership of the European Union differ so much that they may form a barrier impossible to overcome.

12

O dwóch cywilizacjach w myśli Michała Pawlikowskiego (1887-1970)

100%

Wrzesińska K.

Sprawy Narodowościowe

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2012

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issue 40

119-135

EN

Michał Pawlikowski (1887-1970) was a Polish essayist, poet, publisher, editor, and bibliophile. Since World War I, he was an activist of the National Democratic Party (later the National Party). After World War II, he settled in Great Britain, temporarily staying in Zakopane, Poland. Pawlikowski is the author of essays and journalism where he collected his philosophical views on nation and culture, as well as on civilization and race. He sought cause and effect relationships in the history of humanity as factors that shaped the contemporary world. In his opinion, the world is divided between two mutually antagonistic civilizations: Western and Eastern. Such a perspective of his thought has been inscribed in Polish wider reflection on the nation. It is close to messianic concepts that were held by Romantic thinkers and artists, while at the same time it contains tints of national megalomania. His writings can be termed controversial and are often characterized as being full of discrepancies, as well as simplifying a number of complex issues; in particular, in his opponents’ views Pawlikowski’s thought is too close to conspiracy theory of history. Alternatively Pawlikowski deserves recognition for his depictions of the man as a free human being who has a potential to make individual choices in accordance with ethical ideals and obligations towards the community.

13

The Educational Mission of the Family: Current Challenges and New Concepts

88%

Stala J.

The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II

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2017

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vol. 7

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issue 1

EN

The family is often identified as the place where the future of society is guaranteed or destroyed. As the current family is obviously shifting in many regards in contemporary society the traditional educational responsibilities of the family are challenged. The educational mission of the family supposes intensive and ongoing work with the parents. What parents experience and learn becomes the living source for the pedagogical journey with their children. The author of this article explores various aspects of the new situation of education within the family in XXI century. He also reconsiders the challenges, concepts and contribution of the family in the educational mission in a contemporary European context.

14

Ponowoczesność jako odrębna cywilizacja w świetle koncepcji cywilizacyjnej Feliksa Konecznego

88%

Szabelski M.

Konteksty Społeczne

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2016

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vol. 4

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issue 2

27-40

EN

The paper focuses on the transformation of civilizations as a change of culture and the alteration of the professed value systems. Feliks Koneczny – a Polish historian and history philosopher, an author of the original comparative civilization theory – outlined his innovative way of understanding the concept of Civilization and the laws which rule within. The article’s main thesis articulates that in the contemporary Western Europe, not only the structure of values is transforming, but simultaneously there exist two structures of values, which are antagonizing perpetually and which derive from two different Civilizations. Consequently, the antagonism implies a conflict between Latin and post-modern civilization. They both exist beside one another and also dictate the methods of social life functioning. According to one of the civilizational laws outlined by Koneczny in his theory, Civilizations tend to expand in every way possible. This consequently leads to conflicts and wars between them, whilst most of the time the younger civilizations win over the older ones. The contemporary civilization crisis is the very outcome of the clash of the Civilizations.

15

Pismo jako sztuka

88%

Cimała A.

Academic Journal of Modern Philology

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2017

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vol. 6

55-64

EN

Art, being a part of culture and civilization, is difficult to define. It is most often analyzed in terms of aesthetics. The art is most often associated with paintings, sculptures, architecture, music or literature. At the same time, it is hardly ever associated with writing. This article discusses and compares ways of perceiving different types of writing as art that originates from different cultures. Egyptian hieroglyphs were characterized as religious and utilitarian, while their artistic aspect was rather secondary. This approach has changed due to globalization and commercialization. Chinese calligraphy is characterized by duality – a combination of spirituality with pragmatic approach. Arabic calligraphy is primarily religious, but the visual effect seems to be as important as the element of its usage. Calligraffiti that is derived from Arabic calligraphy is, against the tradition, secular and serves as a tool of expression that can be seen both on the streets and in museums. Concrete poetry ignores conventions and gives a new dimension to both poems and typography. Despite time and cultural differences, in all these cases – to a greater or lesser degree – the visual value seems to be just as important (or even more important) as the substantive value of the texts. The visual effect and the functional element cooperate with each other and complement each other creating multidimensional works of art.

16

Historiosophical aspects of the beginning and develop- ment of the phenomenon of sport and tourism

88%

Mylik M.

Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne

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2012

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issue 1(3)

237-251

EN

The major aim of the above paper was to familiarize its readers with historiosophical aspects of the beginning and development of the phenomenon of sport and tourism.

17

Boris Pasternak wobec przemian cywilizacyjnych

88%

Zbyrowski Z.

Studia Rossica Posnaniensia

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2019

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vol. 44

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issue 2

41-50

PL

Boris Pasternak made use of available means of transport and communication on a daily basis. This fact, however, was not reflected in his autobiographical writings, correspondence and his oeuvre. The sole exception was the railway, playing a significant role in the life of the author and his protagonists as well as in the contents and form of his works.

18

THE BORDERLAND AND ITS CULTURAL SEPARATENESS

88%

Chodubski A.

Polish Political Science Yearbook

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2014

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vol. 43

48-63

EN

In general reflection, the following can be stated: (1) Borderlands are the geographical and cultural reality that reveals itself along with the expanding of geographic horizons, also known as geographical discoveries; (2) In the process of evolutionary changes borderlines are considered in terms of stereotypes: economic backwardness, political conservatism, cultural remoteness; (3) Borderlands as border points of the state are a product of culture, which is shaped at the basis of cultural clashes, interactions and neighbourhood. Borderlands are creations of multiculturalism; (4) In the borderland areas unique personalities are created. These personalities are characterized by a high capacity to adapt to the new civilizational realities. They submit the spiritual values over the economic goods. They attach great importance to the traditional values of cultural life; (5) Borderlands often reveal specific civilizational hybrids. On borderlands opposing processes and phenomena are combined. The dichotomy of internal and external functioning is characteristic for the image of borderlands; the inside and outside concepts of particular borderland reality are both completely different.

19

Europa jako byt kulturowy

88%

Zamojski A.

Polonia Journal

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2020

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issue 11

29-40

EN

The article deals with the foundations of the European culture. It describes in a synthetic form the symbolic sources of culture like ancient Greek philosophy, Roman law, Christian religion, the cultural heritage of barbarian tribes and the thoughts of the Enlightenment. The specificity of European culture and identity is based on continuous dialogue with the past.

20

"Empire of Liberty in expand". Główne obszary proimperialnej argumentacji elit Stanów Zjednoczonych Ameryki na przełomie XIX i XX wieku

88%

Podsędek M.

Academic Journal of Modern Philology

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2015

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vol. 4

81-87

EN

The article raises the problem of American imperialism. The author proposes a new approach to the issue. He states research should concentrate on understanding, taking into consideration mental, intellectual and emotional aspects. As an example, the author provides an analysis of argumentation of proimperial elite of United States from the turn of 19th and 20th century. As a background of that analysis, drawing on methodological approach of Ferdynand Braudel, the author also provides an outline of imperialism in the United States. Likewise, he points at psychological mechanism of cognitive dissonance as important factor in forming the argumentation. The author notes it was focusing on proving imperialism to be moral. He identifies main areas of argumentation: (1) identification imperialism with the expand of an American model of political system, which was considered to be ideal; (2) bringing civilization to the uncivilized nations; (3) presenting imperialism as a mission from God; (4) referring to the law of nature; (5) justifying expansion with the safety issue; (6) referring to the idea of New Manifest Destiny.

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