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Various mental images about the geographical extension of Central, Southeast and Eastern Europe

100%
Tamás H.
Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series
|
2016
|
vol. 31
|
issue 31
129-143
EN
Central Europe, Eastern Europe, the Balkans and Southeast Europe as macro- region space concepts are not regions designable by physical geography; the geographical content of these concepts is drawn and re-drawn by historical, cultural and geopolitical processes. Debates on the extension and content of the macro-regions featured intensify every now and then, especially in crisis periods - it is enough to think of the years before, during and after the world wars, the regime change, and these days. Our paper, with the brief summary of the preliminaries, highlights, from the perspective of our age, the geopolitically determined transformation and demonstrates the findings of our empirical research. During our research we made a questionnaire survey in which we recorded mental maps of the university students of Hungary and its seven neighbour countries, looking at where the respondents put their own countries and what image of the respective macro-regions lived in their minds. Our findings may be subject to debates but clearly show the convergent or divergent directions of the respective countries, at least as regards the judgement by the youth.
2
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The concept of structural information and possible applications

100%
Bielecki A., Stocki R.
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
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2023
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issue 75
157-183
EN
In this paper, the concept of structural information is presented. The mathematical foundation of the concept is put forward, and the nature of information encoded in a structure is studied. A method for calculating the amount of structural information is introduced. An application to the analysis of cognitive maps is also presented and discussed.
3
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Affordances perspective and grammaticalization: Incorporation of language, environment and users in the model of semantic paths

86%
Andrason A., Visser M.
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
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2015
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vol. 5
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issue 4
663-696
EN
The present paper demonstrates that insights from the affordances perspective can contribute to developing a more comprehensive model of grammaticalization. The authors argue that the grammaticalization process is afforded differently depending on the values of three contributing parameters: the factor (schematized as a qualitative-quantitative map or a wave of a gram), environment (understood as the structure of the stream along which the gram travels), and actor (narrowed to certain cognitive-epistemological capacities of the users, in particular to the fact of being a native speaker). By relating grammaticalization to these three parameters and by connecting it to the theory of optimization, the proposed model offers a better approximation to realistic cases of grammaticalization: The actor and environment are overtly incorporated into the model and divergences from canonical grammaticalization paths are both tolerated and explicable.
4
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Affordances perspective and grammaticalization: Incorporation of language, environment and users in the model of semantic paths

86%
Andrason A., Visser M.
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
|
2015
|
vol. 5
|
issue 4
663-696
EN
The present paper demonstrates that insights from the affordances perspective can contribute to developing a more comprehensive model of grammaticalization. The authors argue that the grammaticalization process is afforded differently depending on the values of three contributing parameters: the factor (schematized as a qualitative-quantitative map or a wave of a gram), environment (understood as the structure of the stream along which the gram travels), and actor (narrowed to certain cognitive-epistemological capacities of the users, in particular to the fact of being a native speaker). By relating grammaticalization to these three parameters and by connecting it to the theory of optimization, the proposed model offers a better approximation to realistic cases of grammaticalization: The actor and environment are overtly incorporated into the model and divergences from canonical grammaticalization paths are both tolerated and explicable.
5

Mental representations and cognitive maps in humans a review of research and theory

86%
Stryjewska D., Janda-Dębek B.
Polish Journal of Applied Psychology
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2013
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vol. 11
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issue 1
81-104
EN
This paper presents the current state of knowledge and research on human mental spatial representations in the form of cognitive maps. Theoretical considerations about the characteristics and components of cognitive maps, as well as about errors made during their construction, are discussed. The probable individual traits involved in mental spatial reconstruction are pointed out. Because most people today live in urban habitats, the paper devotes a considerable amount of space to describing and analyzing cognitive maps by Kevin Lynch. Also discussed is environment legibility, especially in the urban environment.
6
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Biopsychologiczne podstawy poznania geometrycznego

86%
Hohol M.
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
|
2018
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issue 64
137-165
PL
In this review-paper, I focus on biopsychological foundations of geometric cognition. Starting from the Kant’s views on mathematics, I attempt to show that contemporary cognitive scientists, alike the famous philosopher, recognize mutual relationships of visuospatial processing and geometric cognition. What I defend is a claim that Tinbergen’s explanatory questions are the most fruitful tool for explaining our “hardwired,” and thus shared with other animals, Euclidean intuitions, which manifest themselves in spatial navigation and shape recognition. I claim, however, that these “hardwired intuitions” cannot capture full-blooded Euclidean geometry, which demands practice with cultural artifacts in various time-scales.
7
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Fuzzy cognitive maps and their application in the economic sciences

58%
Bąk I., Cheba K.
Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics
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2020
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issue vol. 24, nr 3
20-36
EN
The main purpose of the paper is an expert assessment of the relationship existing between selected indicators carried out using a relatively new tool in economic sciences: Fuzzy Cognitive Maps. The effect of its application is a graphical presentation of the relationship between the factors identified as the key ones. In the paper 23 indicators, describing four selected goals in the Strategy for Sustainable Development, 2030 Agenda were selected. It is assumed that the sustainable development goals should be related but according to the experts opinion this only applies to some indicators. This kind of relationships can be certainly identified in the case of the goals describing social and economic development, but often also economic and environmental development. However, the research results presented in the paper do not always confirm the existence of connections between individual indicators selected for the description of the goals of sustainable development. The paper tries to explain this problem.
PL
Głównym celem artykułu jest ekspercka ocena zależności występujących między wybranymi wskaźnikami przeprowadzona za pomocą stosunkowo nowego narzędzia w naukach ekonomicznych – rozmytych map kognitywnych. Efektem zastosowania tego narzędzia jest graficzne przedstawienie zależności między czynnikami zidentyfikowanymi jako kluczowe. W pracy wybrano w tym celu 23 wskaźniki opisujące 4 wybrane cele Strategii na rzecz Zrównoważonego Rozwoju. Agenda 2030. Przyjmuje się, że cele zrównoważonego rozwoju powinny być ze sobą powiązane, ale zdaniem ekspertów dotyczy to tylko niektórych wskaźników. Relacje tego rodzaju można zidentyfikować na pewno w przypadku celów opisujących rozwój społeczny i gospodarczy, często również rozwój gospodarczy i środowiskowy. Przedstawione wyniki badań nie zawsze jednak potwierdzają istnienie połączeń między pojedynczymi wskaźnikami wybranymi do opisu celów zrównoważonego rozwoju. W artykule podjęto próbę wyjaśnienia tego problemu.
8
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Architektoniczne i mentalne podstawy wizerunku głównej ulicy handlowej. Przypadek ulicy Świdnickiej we Wrocławiu

58%
Dębek M.
Architectus
|
2017
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issue 2(50)
41-61
PL
W artykule przedstawiłem wyniki sześciu badań wizerunku oraz społecznego funkcjonowania ulicy Świdnickiej. W przekrojowych, jakościowych i ilościowych badaniach, włącznie z metodą kartowania poznawczego, wzięło udział 292 respondentów. Byli to mieszkańcy Wrocławia, obcokrajowcy mieszkający czasowo we Wrocławiu oraz przedsiębiorcy prowadzący sklepy i lokale usługowe w ramach tej ulicy. Eksplorując źródła i prawdopodobne fizyczne fundamenty wizerunku ulicy inspirowałem się koncepcją obrazu miasta Kevina Lyncha oraz językiem wzorców Christophera Alexandra i jego współpracowników. Okazało się, między innymi, że ulicy Świdnickiej brakuje niektórych struktur urbanistyczno-architektonicznych kluczowych dla prawidłowego funkcjonowania społecznego ulicy handlowej, a także że jej niezły wizerunek raczej nie jest silnie związany z funkcją handlowo-usługową. Tylko jeden z najbardziej atrakcyjnych i najczęściej przywoływanych przez badanych punktów orientacyjnych, DH Renoma, stanowi w wizerunku ulicy element o jednoznacznie wielkomiejsko-handlowym charakterze.
EN
This article presents the results of six image and social function studies of Świdnicka Street. Cross-sectional, qualitative and quantitative studies, including the method of cognitive mapping, were attended by 292 respondents. The group included the inhabitants of Wrocław, temporary residents of the city and entrepreneurs associated with the street, running shops and providing services. My exploration of the sources and probable physical foundations of the image of the street was inspired by the concept of the image of the city developed by Kevin Lynch, and pattern language of Christopher Alexander and his team. It turned out, among other things, that Świdnicka Street is lacking particular urban and architectural structures that are prerequisite for the proper functioning of a high street, and that the good image of the street is not strongly associated with trade and services. Renoma, the leading and most attractive shopping mall and ex-department store of Świdnicka Street, was also most frequently cited by respondents as the only element of the street unambiguously metropolitan and commercial in character.
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