Search results

1

On the Brink of-Noun vs. On the Verge of-Noun: a Distinctive-Collexeme Analysis

100%

Wiliński J.

Research in Language

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2017

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vol. 15

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issue 4

425-443

EN

This paper uses the terminology of Construction Grammar (Goldberg 1996; 2006) and a corpus-based method to investigate a pair of semantically similar constructions and the lexemes that occur in both of them. The method, referred to as distinctive-collexeme analysis (Gries and Stefanowitsch 2004a), seeks to identify lexemes that exhibit a strong preference for one construction as opposed to another: in other words, to uncover subtle distributional differences between two semantically or functionally near-equivalent constructions. On the basis of the case study dealing with the on the brink of- noun construction versus the on the verge of- noun construction, the paper shows that there are lexemes that prefer one of the investigated patterns over the other. Moreover, the results of the distinctive-collexeme analysis reveal that the frame-constructional semantics is a relevant factor in the choice between these two patterns.

2

A Corpus-based Study on Question Tags in ELF. An Attempt to Determine an Emergent Construction

100%

Dorota W.

Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies

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2020

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issue 29/2

135-150

EN

Recent research on English as a Lingua Franca (henceforth ELF) has indicated that ELF can be analyzed in accordance with the main principles of the Construction Grammar approach (Pirc 2013). Admittedly, while the majority of studies have been devoted to its creative and unpredictable character, little attention has been paid to how ELF can be conceptualized if its emergent elements are treated as constructions. Thus, the present paper conducts a corpus- based study on the Question Tag Construction (henceforth the QTxC) in ELF with a view to indicating in what way the QTxC can be determined. With the support of the VOICE and BNC corpora, the performed analysis has shown that the analyzed realizations of the QTxC in ELF, while having formal properties that deviate from the norms of English, can also be characterized as exhibiting various sub-types of the prototypical function of the QTxC.

3

Relacja forma – funkcja w myśli Ferdynanda de Saussure’a, gramatyce generatywnej i gramatyce konstrukcji. Próba zarysu

75%

Pskit W.

Linguistica Copernicana

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2013

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issue 2(10)

147-159

EN

Aspects of Ferdinand de Saussure’s linguistic theorizing that have exerted a profound influence on the development of modern linguistics include his view on the relation between form and meaning/function. Indeed, the very relation underlies his concept of linguistic sign. The signifying-signified dichotomy appears to be a point of departure for a number of current theoretical paradigms. This paper attempts to point to the fact that de Saussure’s conception of the link between form and function has inspired the treatment of this relation in two modern approaches: generative grammar and construction grammar. It seems that the notion of phase, crucial to the derivational mechanism in the most recent version of Chomsky’s (1995, 2001, 2008) generative grammar, i.e. the Minimalist Program, and the concept of construction in Goldberg’s (1995, 2003, 2006) construction grammar elaborate on de Saussure’s perspective on form and meaning/function. Obviously, both modern approaches go beyond de Saussure’s conception and differ from one another due to distinct theoretical and methodological assumptions.

4

Pour une approche constructionnelle de la formation de ‘se V li uns l’autre’. Étude sur corpus

65%

Nkollo M.

Studia Romanica Posnaniensia

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2015

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vol. 42

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issue 1

63-81

EN

The paper aims to find out which theoretical framework, grammaticalization theory or construction grammar, is better suited to account for mechanisms underlying the emergence of Old French reciprocal string ‘se Verb li uns l’autre’. The data to conduct the analysis have been retrieved from large Latin (Perseus and Vulgate) and Old French (DECT and CoRPTeF) corpora. First, diachronic layers are characterized, encompassing Latin reiterated clusters, late Latin ‘unus alterum’, early French bipartite markers, and the very ‘se Verb li uns l’autre’. Then, their changes are claimed to have come about in response to the evolving system-defining structural properties, as outlined in Natural Morphology. As a result, instead of being couched in terms of more / less grammatical, the reconstruction of how particular reciprocal structures came into being is more felicitous if they are treated as full-fledged form-meaning pairs. Indeed, they exhibit significant variation along two clines: schematic – substantive and complex - atomic. As for further stages of its evolution, ‘se Verb li uns l’autre’ is shown to have become different from its forerunners in that it had reached a discursively more subjective status.

5

What-clefts with adjectives in English: A corpus-based analysis

63%

Wiliński J.

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Linguistica

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2022

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issue 17

258-272

PL

W niniejszym artykule autor stawia sobie za cel zbadanie konstrukcji what-cleft z przymiot-nikami i ustalenie jej cech strukturalnych, semantycznych i dystrybucyjnych poprzez za-stosowanie semantyki ramowej i gramatyki konstrukcji, wykorzystanie danych z korpusu (COCA) i użycie ilościowej metodologii korpusowej. W tym celu autor wydobywa wystąpie-nia konstrukcji z dużego korpusu naturalnie występujących danych, określa jej strukturalne, semantyczne, dystrybucyjne i dyskursowo-funkcjonalne właściwości oraz identyfikuje przy-miotniki, które są silnie związane z omawianą konstrukcją. Artykuł wnosi znaczący wkład do rosnącej literatury na temat konstrukcji what-cleft poprzez jakościową i ilościową analizę jednego z jej wariantów, konstrukcji z przymiotnikami, który nie był do tej pory szczegółowo badany.

EN

This paper aims to investigate the what-cleft construction with adjectives and establish its structural, semantic, and distributional features by adopting frame semantics and usage-based construction grammar, exploiting the data from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), and applying quantitative corpus-based methodology. To this end, the author extracts the occurrences of the What be ADJ be-construction from a large corpus of naturally-occurring data, determines its structural, semantic, distributional, and discourse-functional properties, and identifies adjectives that are strongly associated with the construction in question. The paper makes a significant contribution to a growing body of literature on the what-cleft construction by conducting a qualitative and quantitative analysis of one of its variants, a grammatical pattern with adjectives that has not been hitherto investigated in much detail.

6

Mediální konstrukce v češtině a v italštině

63%

Perissutti A. M.

Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)

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2023

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vol. 105

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issue 1

7-22

XX

The paper is devoted to a family of constructions in Czech and Italian that are reminiscent of the verbal category of Indo-European Middle, which, besides the active voice, was the second voice and expressed agency/state as subjective. As far as Czech is concerned, we consider two constructions, one with intransitive verbs, the morpheme “se”, the adverb of evaluation and the Experiencer expressed in the dative, and one with transitive verbs, the so-called mediopassive, with the Patient in subject position as in the passive sentences. As far as Italian is concerned, we also analyze two constructions, one with intransitive verbs and the combined clitics “se+ne” and one with transitive verbs and the adverb of evaluation “facilmente”. Based on data derived from the Czech Ten Ten 2017 corpus, as well as the Italian web 2020 corpus from the Sketch Engine platform, we analyze the actional nature of the verbs occurring in the sentences, while contrasting the functions of the constructions in the two languages in the framework of construction grammar (Goldberg, 1995).

7

Gramatyka operacyjna vs gramatyka konstrukcji (na przykładzie quasi-tautologii i powtórzeń)

63%

Dobaczewski A.

Linguistica Copernicana

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2022

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vol. 18

163-178

EN

In this article, the two linguistic approaches are confronted: the first is Construction Grammar, which has been intensively developed in recent years, mainly in cognitive linguistics, and is represented by numerous researchers of Polish, European, and world linguistics; the second is the less known, author’s methodological proposal by Andrzej Bogusławski (the so-called Operational Grammar, presented in the article Bogusławski 1978). On the example of the description of selected types of repetitive constructions (of Polish and several other languages), significant differences in the effects of applying both research approaches are shown. The main thesis is the claim that, in contrast to the fashionable and willingly practiced CG, the Polish linguist’s methodological proposal (OG), based on the fundamental idea of proportionality in language, does give tools to effectively distinguish amongst repetitive constructs: 1) the real operational units of a given language; 2) predictable and generally comprehensible constructs with tautologically filled items (intended essentially for different elements); and 3) repetitions resulting from more general, perhaps supra-linguistic rules of speech activity. Despite the diversity of the many currents of CG, it seems that it does not provide the tools to properly separate these three essentially different types of textual phenomena (and at least this is not indicated by the practice of research on repetitions influenced by CG).

PL

W niniejszym artykule przedmiotem konfrontacji są dwa lingwistyczne podejścia badawcze: tzw. Construction Grammar rozwijana intensywnie w ostatnich latach głównie w językoznawstwie kognitywnym i reprezentowana przez licznych badaczy lingwistyki polskiej, europejskiej, a także światowej oraz mniej znana, autorska propozycja metodologiczna Andrzeja Bogusławskiego (tzw. Operational Grammar, po raz pierwszy wyłożona w artykule z 1978 roku). Na przykładzie opisu wybranych typów konstrukcji powtórzeniowych polszczyzny i kilku innych języków pokazano istotne różnice w efektach zastosowania obu podejść badawczych. Główną tezą jest diagnoza, że w przeciwieństwie do modnej i chętnie uprawianej gramatyki konstrukcji propozycja metodologiczna polskiego lingwisty oparta na zasadniczej idei proporcjonalności w języku daje narzędzia umożliwiające efektywne rozróżnianie w obrębie konstrukcji powtórzeniowych 1) rzeczywistych jednostek operacyjnych danego języka; 2) przewidywalnych i zrozumiałych na ogólnych zasadach konstrukcji z tautologicznie wypełnianymi pozycjami przewidzianymi zasadniczo dla elementów różnych oraz 3) powtórzeń będących wynikiem ogólniejszych, być może ponadjęzykowych reguł działania mownego. Pomimo rozmaitości wielu nurtów gramatyki konstrukcji, wydaje się, że nie dostarcza ona narzędzi pozwalających na właściwe oddzielenie tych trzech różnych co do istoty typów zjawisk tekstowych (a w każdym razie nie wskazuje na to pozostająca pod wpływem CG praktyka badań nad powtórzeniami).

8

To be or not to be? Or — to not be? Dochází ke změně v postavení anglické záporky not a infinitivního to?

51%

Sláma J.

Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)

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2021

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vol. 103

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issue 1

60-73

XX

The paper notes that while grammars and other linguistic works assume that not precedes the infinitive marker to in English, one can quite often encounter the reverse ordering, to not. The second section provides an overview of the relevant literature. The third section compares spoken data from the British National Corpus and the Spoken BNC2014, and analyzes the written data from the Corpus of Historical American English, concluding that the frequency of to not (relative to not to) has indeed been rising significantly in recent decades. The fourth section attempts to identify some factors underlying this change, most importantly chunking and potential semantic differentiation. It is suggested that chunking might be an especially important factor affecting the change, but further analysis is needed, relying on more advanced statistical methods.

9

Kromě lidem v krizové situaci pomáhá charita také opuštěným matkám s dětmi. Analýza nestandardních vazeb výrazů krom(ě) a mimo

51%

Schejbalová E., Adam R.

Naše řeč (Our Speech)

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2023

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vol. 106

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issue 3

143-164

EN

The paper describes and analyzes (using data from the written corpus SYN v7) sentences in which the relators krom(ě) and mimo express the meanings of extension and exclusion and at the same time do not assign case to the following noun. It does not aim for the word-class classification of the mentioned relators or their insertion into a ready-made syntactic model, but rather observes in particular the form of non-standard constructions with krom(ě) and mimo as well as their semantic role, their position in relation to the second and controlling nodes, and the identity/non-identity of their form and semantic role with the form and semantic role of the second node. The paper attempts to summarize the basic properties of non-standard krom(ě)/mimo constructions with the meanings of extension and exclusion, using the apparatus of construction grammar.

10

Využití korpusových metod v popisu češtiny: příklad kolostrukční analýzy

51%

Lehečková E.

Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)

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2017

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vol. 99

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issue 2

167-180

EN

The paper presents a review of principles and applicability of collostructional analysis — a cluster of corpus methods developed by Anatol Stefanowitsch and Stefan Th. Gries since 2003. Collostructional analysis measures the strength of association by which lexemes are attracted to a particular position in a construction. It derives from the Construction Grammar concept of construction as conventionalized pairing of form and meaning. Collostructional analysis allows for systematic measurements of the degree of conventionalization of constructions. The paper introduces various types of collostructional analysis and provides an overview of research areas where collostructional analysis has been employed. It concludes with a case showing how collostructional analysis can be applied to the description of Czech.

11

Lose one's life and lose one's job with singular they: two constructions, two regional varieties, many practical aspects of working with mega-corpora

51%

Rudnicka K.

Forum Filologiczne Ateneum

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2020

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vol. 8

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issue 1

149-162

PL

Artykuł porównuje użycie zaimka they w odniesieniu do podmiotów w liczbie pojedynczej z dwiema, z punktu widzenia morfologicznego podobnymi do siebie, konstrukcjami w wariancie brytyjskim i amerykańskim języka angielskiego. Badane konstrukcje to lose one’s life [stracić życie] i lose one’s job [stracić pracę]. Uzyskane wyniki sugerują, że they odnoszące się do liczby pojedynczej jest bardziej rozpowszechnione w amerykańskim wariancie języka angielskiego niż w brytyjskim. Dodatkowym celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie i przedyskutowanie praktycznych aspektów pracy z dużymi korpusami językowymi. Praca wskazuje w których miejscach badania ilościowe muszą iść w parze z badaniami jakościowymi. Korpusy zastosowane do wykonania badania to Brytyjski Korpus Narodowy (BNC) i Amerykański Korpus Współczesnego Języka Angielskiego (COCA).

EN

The paper compares the usage of singular they with two morphologically similar constructions in British and American English. The constructions in question are lose one’s life and lose one’s job. The results obtained suggest that singular they, at least used with the two constructions in focus of this work, seems to be more widely used in the American variety of English than in the British variety. An additional aim of this work is to present and discuss some practical aspects of working with mega-corpora. The work shows how and where quantitative language studies need to be accompanied by manual and qualitative investigations. The corpora used in this work are the British National Corpus (BNC) and the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA).

12

Внутренняя и внешняя семантика глаголов социальных отношений (на материале русских глаголов победы и поражения)

45%

Десюкевич О.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Linguistica Rossica

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2019

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issue 18

71-83

EN

The article discusses motivational semantic models in the lexical-semantic group победить/ понести поражение (win/lose) as well as determining the sources of expansion of the group driven by the verbs of movement, physical impact, destruction, and possession. Structures of the verbs of the group are described along with their compatibility and common ways of filling the actant position. The description of the semantics of verb units made it possible to discover a regularity in the semantic transformation of social relation predicates into the predicates of the psychological state of “winning,” “overcoming” and to determine the meanings explicated at the level of internal and external semantics. The author referred to dictionaries of various types, corpuses, and selected texts. The main methods used are semantic modeling and constructional profiling.

RU

В настоящей статье были описаны мотивационные семантические модели в лексико-семантической группе победить/понести поражение, определены источники пополнения группы за счет глаголов движения, физического воздействия и разрушения, владения. Описаны конструкционные профили первичных и вторичных глаголов группы, а также их сочетаемость, типичные способы заполнения актантных позиций. Описание семантики глагольных единиц позволило обнаружить регулярность семантического преобразования предикатов социальных отношений в предикаты психологического состояния победить, побороть, пересилить кого > победить, побороть, пересилить что в ком, определить смыслы, эксплицируемые на уровне внутренней и внешней семантики. Для получения результата были изучены словари разного типа, корпусные данные и самостоятельно отобранные тексты. Основными использованными методами являются семантическое моделирование и конструкционное профилирование.

Refine search results

On the Brink of-Noun vs. On the Verge of-Noun: a Distinctive-Collexeme Analysis

A Corpus-based Study on Question Tags in ELF. An Attempt to Determine an Emergent Construction

Relacja forma – funkcja w myśli Ferdynanda de Saussure’a, gramatyce generatywnej i gramatyce konstrukcji. Próba zarysu

Pour une approche constructionnelle de la formation de ‘se V li uns l’autre’. Étude sur corpus

What-clefts with adjectives in English: A corpus-based analysis

Mediální konstrukce v češtině a v italštině

Gramatyka operacyjna vs gramatyka konstrukcji (na przykładzie quasi-tautologii i powtórzeń)

To be or not to be? Or — to not be? Dochází ke změně v postavení anglické záporky not a infinitivního to?

Kromě lidem v krizové situaci pomáhá charita také opuštěným matkám s dětmi. Analýza nestandardních vazeb výrazů krom(ě) a mimo

Využití korpusových metod v popisu češtiny: příklad kolostrukční analýzy

Lose one's life and lose one's job with singular they: two constructions, two regional varieties, many practical aspects of working with mega-corpora

Внутренняя и внешняя семантика глаголов социальных отношений (на материале русских глаголов победы и поражения)