Search results

1

Русская литература второй половины ХIХ века в диалоге с государством

100%

Уртминцева М., Нижегородский государственный университет и. Н. И. Л.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Rossica

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2014

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vol. 07

EN

The aim of the paper is to analyze the nature and strength of literature’s impact on the self-consciousness of the Russian society. The author points out the historical mechanism of emergence of a new form of novel, one in which the presence of political commentary became a generic feature. The poetics of this sub-genre, as well as issues tackled in it, are further characterized.

2

Spór o Grzbiet Łomonosowa na tle rosyjskich dążeń o wpływy na obszarze Arktyki

86%

Wojcieszak Ł.

Wrocławskie Studia Politologiczne

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2014

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vol. 16

142 - 155

EN

The paper presents an ongoing dispute of several countries for the right to the Lomonosov Ridge located at the North Pole. The author of the paper shows the Arctic as a place rich in mineral resources and an area of rivalry between states. He lists the benefits of climate warming that changes the North Pole. He further describes some legal aspects, as well as the subject of the dispute, Lomonosov Ridge. Then he presents Russian efforts to use the natural resources of the Arctic and Russian military involvement in this area. The author also shows the position of other parties to the dispute.

3

Reality Show as a Controversial Format of Socialisation

86%

Hudíková Z., Pravdová H.

Communication Today

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2022

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vol. 13

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issue 2

24-47

EN

The media fulfil various functions in society. For the audience and for society, the priority of these functions may be different. In terms of importance for society, their socialisation function is also important. Socialisation through the media assumes its dominance when there is a dysfunction of primary socialisation or at certain stages of human development. From a societal perspective, their influence as a potential shaper of society’s culture in the context of secondary socialisation is relevant. At present, audio-visual production in particular is dominant. It is attractive to all generations, as it provides both information and entertainment in a way that is convenient for the audience. Television offers different types of programmes with higher or lower value and quality of media content. Reality shows have a relatively significant presence in the programming structure. This television format on the border of non-fiction and fiction brings in different values, formulas and elements. The authors of the study analyse the various positive and controversial elements of reality shows. They focus on trash reality shows, which are more prominently represented in the autumn programming structure. In their interpretation, they not only draw on current findings, but also use their years of experience and knowledge from research in this field. The emphasis is on the potential impact on the socialisation of sensitive audience groups as well as on the culture of society as a whole.

4

Kampanie marki Benetton a kontrowersja religijna

86%

Mrowiec-Piergies M.

Facta Ficta. Journal of Theory, Narrative & Media

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2019

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vol. 3

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issue 1

101-114

EN

The aim of this paper was to show the religious controversies, which could be perceived as acts of transgression, on the example of Benetton’s advertising campaigns. Benneton, as a wordly known company, was chosen due to the fact, that a lot of advertisements produced in the past, could be seen as controversial or at least evoking discussion by specific groups of society. For this thesis, the images from late 20th century have been chosen. The author focused on showing various definitions of transgressive acts, to later on assess, if specific advertisements meet the criteria of transgression. She decided to focus on images, that are closely connected to christianity, although there was some part to discuss the racial aspect of Benetton advertising. Religious controversies are the ones, that provoke most heated discussions in the society and are not only the matter of individual expression of an artist, but are also punished by law in certain countries. If the art should always be connected with crossing the borders, provoking scandal or, on the other hand, ought to limit itself to esthetical aspect, can be a matter of discussion. There are some interesting phenomenons, like „wear-out” effect, that would be worth further exploring, especially if we would like to avoid treating viewers as one society and focus more on specific groups of people. Although the author did not focus on the law or ethical aspects of the images shown, she tried to show different perspectives on how those images can affect viewers thinking.

5

Three Generations of Belarusian Historical Fiction in Prose and Verse: Inspiration and Iconoclasm

86%

McMillin A.

Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski

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2023

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vol. 2

285-301

EN

Beginning with attempts to deny or repress the very idea of Belarusian history, this article is devoted the use of historical themes by three generations of Belarusian writers, with the youngest first and ending with three from the middle generation who, as a rule, do not show the influence of their elders on themselves, nor do they seem greatly to influence the younger writers. All ages, however, are engaged in the same struggle to counter the anti-historical ideas propagated by the leadership of their country, and the younger writers bring a sometimes unusual, indeed iconoclastic, approach to this important task.

6

Matošev Prolog drami Prokletstvo Milana Ogrizovića i Andrije Milčinovića

75%

Trojan I.

Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne

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2014

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issue 7

EN

On 7th May 1907, after publishing the play Prokletstvo in literary magazine „Savremenik”, the censorship approved performing the play in the Croatian national theatre in the theater season 1906/1907 under the condition that it would have passed through some radical changes. However, twenty days later all rehearsals were banned. Authors, Milan Ogrizović and Andrija Milčinović, show their brief union in resisting censorship publishing Prokletstvo into a separate book in year 1907 with Matosʼ Prologue that critically assails the institutions that stopped the play. Content and repercussions of Matosʼ editorial in Prokletstvo are the starting point of this article that outlines the cultural and political situation in Croatia in the first decade of the 20th century.

7

Does the Nobel Prize reflect current scientific and academic values?

72%

Teixeira da Silva J. A.

Filozofia Publiczna i Edukacja Demokratyczna

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2021

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vol. 10

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issue 1

1-18

EN

This opinion paper puts forward arguments that reflect how science’s most elite prize, the Nobel Prize may be, despite its grand stature, somewhat out of touch with the functionality of grassroots science. There is a disconnect between limited fields of study to which the prize is awarded and the interdisciplinary nature of complex research. This is the first weakness. The second limitation is the focus on a single individual, occasionally on two or three when the prize is divided, even though much research is frequently collaborative. This is particularly true in the biomedical and natural sciences, which tend to involve individuals with multiple skills, each or all of whom may be equally deserving of the Nobel Prize, given their collective participation. The Nobel Prize also tends to display poor cultural, linguistic and gender representation and/or bias. Finally, retractions of papers by select Nobel Prize laureates suggest that even these elite academics are not immune to the ills of science and academic publishing and that affect all scientists in a complex global web.

8

Экстремальный аргумент в неосуществленном споре (А. Чехов „Дуэль”)

72%

Шелогурова Г., Русский учебный центр МС – Международное сотрудничество М.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Rossica

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2015

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vol. 08

RU

Феномен дуэли в одноименной повести Чехова рассматривется в контексте осмысления писателем одной из базовых моделей русской культуры на фоне сложившейся в течение XIX века литературной традиции. Кардинальное переосмысление последней в данном произведении анализируется с опорой на специфику диалога в творчестве писателя, что позволяет интерпретировать дуэль как показательный элемент «бесконтактного» спора, не имеющего перспективы разрешения.

EN

The paper presents an attempt to interpret the duel in Chekhov’s novella as an argument of the implicit controversy. From this point of view the reason declared by Von Koren (a clash of ideas) is corresponding with plot and seems to be false. The author tries to prove that personal categories (envy, hate) are more significant in the particular type of conflict described by Chekhov.

9

Картина життя в польськомовній прозі Лазаря Барановича та письменників його кола

72%

Liampreht O.

Path of Science

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2016

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vol. 2

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issue 12(17)

4.18-4.26

UK

У статті розглядається низка характерних для барокової літератури мотивів та образів, пов’язаних із світоглядною концепцією уявлень про дочасне людське життя. Особливу увагу у цьому зв’язку звернено на польськомовні полемічні твори Лазаря Барановича та письменників його кола. З’ясовано характерні особливості художнього увиразнення теми життя та визначено специфіку опрацювання ідеї марності дочасного людського життя літераторами чернігівського угрупування.

EN

The article deals with a number of motifs and images, typical for baroque literature, which are related to the concept of ideological notions of temporal human life. Particular attention in this connection is drawn to the Polish-polemical works by Lazarus Baranovych and his circle of writers. The characteristics of artistic depiction of the theme of life are clarified and the specific of processing the ideas of futility of human life by Chernihiv writers group are identified.

10

Proces beatyfikacyjny sługi Bożego kard. Augusta Hlonda

72%

Kozioł B.

Rocznik Skrzatuski

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2018

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vol. 6

157-176

PL

Każdy proces kanonizacyjny jest długim i pracochłonnym procesem mającym na celu udokumentowanie świętości życia sługi Bożego, która może wyrazić się poprzez heroiczność cnót, męczeństwo, a od niedawna także nieodwołalne ofiarowanie życia dla bliźnich. W Kościele katolickim toczy się wiele takich procesów, gdyż Kościół pragnie pokazać, że świętość jest dostępna dla wszystkich. Niniejsze przedłożenie omawia historię i obecny stan procesu beatyfikacyjnego sługi Bożego kard. Augusta Hlonda SDB (1881–1948), prymasa Polski i założyciela Towarzystwa Chrystusowego dla Polonii Zagranicznej. Na początku jednak tegoż opisu autor w sposób skrótowy zaznajamia czytelnika z ogólnymi zasadami i poszczególnymi etapami procesu beatyfikacyjnego, który jest z kolei pierwszą częścią procesu kanonizacyjnego. Następnie została przedstawiona kwestia tzw. „opinii świętości”, która w procesie beatyfikacyjnym jest niezbędnym warunkiem wszczęcia dochodzenia. W przypadku kard. Hlonda to przekonanie ludzi o jego świątobliwym życiu można było zaobserwować już w momencie pogrzebu. W kolejnej części wicepostulator procesu przedstawia szczegółową historię przebiegu dochodzenia – poczynając od starań podejmowanych w latach 60. i 70. ubiegłego stulecia, poprzez fazę diecezjalną, aż po stan obecny, który nazywany jest etapem rzymskim. Ponieważ proces beatyfikacyjny prymasa Hlonda prowadzony jest drogą heroiczności cnót, więc do beatyfikacji potrzebny będzie cud. Autor tegoż przedłożenia w kolejnej jego części omawia 3 przypadki uzdrowień za przyczyną sługi Bożego, które wstępnie zostały poddane weryfikacji, czy można je przedstawić Kongregacji Spraw Kanonizacyjnych jako wydarzenia nadzwyczajne i niewytłumaczalne z medycznego punktu patrzenia. Wreszcie na końcu można zaznajomić się z kontrowersjami i oskarżeniami, które pojawiły się w czas trwającego procesu. Wicepostulator przedstawił cztery: 1. Oskarżenie prymasa o antysemityzm; 2. Kwestia wyjazdu kardynała z Polski na początku września 1939 roku; 3. Zarzut kolaboracji z Niemcami; 4. Problem nadzwyczajnych uprawnień, otrzymanych od Stolicy Apostolskiej w 1945 roku. Całość przedstawionego zagadnienia kończy się pozytywną konkluzją wskazującą, że formalny proces beatyfikacyjny kard. A. Hlonda posuwa się do przodu, i co więcej, ma szanse na pozytywne zakończenie jeszcze w bieżącym roku. Warto także zauważyć, że w roku 2018 przeżywamy 70. rocznicę narodzin dla nieba prymasa Augusta Hlonda.

EN

Every canonization process is a long and laborious process aimed at documenting the sanctity of the life of the servant of God, which can be expressed through heroic virtue, martyrdom, and, more recently, irrevocable sacrifice of life for others. There are many such processes in the Catholic Church, because the Church wants to show that holiness is available to everyone. This presentation discusses the history and current state of the beatification process of the Servant of God, Card. Augusta Hlond SDB (1881–1948), Primate of Poland and founder of the Society of Christ for Polish Diaspora. At the beginning of this description, the author briefly introduces the reader to the general principles and individual stages of the beatification process, which in turn is the first part of the canonization process. Then the issue of the so-called “The opinion of sanctity”, which in the process of beatification is an indispensable condition for initiating an investigation. In the case of card. Hlond was the conviction of people about his holy life that could be observed already at the time of the funeral. In the next part, the vice postulator of the process presents a detailed history of the investigation – starting with the efforts undertaken in the 1960s and 1970s, through the diocesan phase, to the present state, which is called the Roman stage. Because the beatification process of the Primate Hlond is guided by the heroic virtue, a miracle will be needed for the beatification. The author of this submission in the next part discusses three cases of healing through the work of the Servant of God, who were initially verified whether they can be presented to the Congregation for the Causes of Saints as extraordinary and inexplicable from the medical point of view. Finally, at the end, you can become familiar with the controversies and accusations that have arisen during the ongoing trial. The Vice Postulator presented them to four: 1. The primate’s accusation of anti-Semitism; 2. The issue of the cardinal’s departure from Poland at the beginning of September 1939; 3. The accusation of collaboration with Germany; 4. The problem of extraordinary powers received from the Holy See in 1945. The whole presented issue ends with a positive conclusion, indicating that the formal beatification process of cardinal A. Hlond is moving forward, and what's more, he has a chance of a positive ending this year. It is also worth noting that in 2018 we are experiencing the 70th anniversary of the birth of primate August Hlond to heaven.

11

The eristic of newsworthiness in the representation of Barnevernet controversy: A case study of the Norwegian Child Welfare Service

58%

Szyma K.

Res Rhetorica

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2018

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vol. 5

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issue 1

2-20

EN

This study offers a critical evaluation of news values by four selected contemporary media outlets: BBC News, The Federalist, OneEurope and Dagbladet. The material covers the controversy around the Norwegian Child Welfare Service with cases of children being taken away from their families, thus it involves cultural and legal aspects of the issue. The analytic categories are based on news value research guidelines that were introduced in the study by Johan Galtung and Mari H. Ruge (1965). In parallel, the philosophical reference is construed through the works by Artur Schopenhauer and Anton Powell. This, in turn, allows evaluating the language that construes newsworthiness from an eristic perspective. The study demonstrates how the eristic application of news values may influence the fair presentation of an issue, at least when a case is presented as involving a controversy. The focus is on the eristic tools of news value enhancement which lead to channeling consumers’ attention in a desirable manner.

PL

Niniejsze studium dotyczy analizy wartości informacji na podstawie czterech wybranych współczesnych kanałów masowego przekazu: BBC News, The Federalist, OneEurope i Dagbladet w odniesieniu do kontrowersji wokół norweskiej organizacji Ochrony Praw Dziecka (norw. Barnevernet), w tym przypadków rodzin, którym odebrano prawa rodzicielskie. W związku z tym na problematykę pracy składają się również kulturowe i prawne aspekty raportowanego zjawiska. Kategorie analityczne zostały opracowane w oparciu o listę wartości informacyjnych autorstwa Johana Galtunga i Mari H. Ruge (1965). Z perspektywy filozoficznej, analiza pracy opiera się na dorobku Artura Schopenhauera i Antona Powella. Wyżej wspomniana metodologia pozwoliła na analizę językowych czynników składających się na jakość przekazu z erystycznego punktu widzenia. Analiza wykazała, że stosowanie chwytów erystycznych w obszarze kryteriów wartości informacyjnej może zaburzyć dostarczenie autentycznego obrazu rzeczywistości, szczególnie w tak delikatnym i kontrowersyjnym temacie. Studium koncentruje się na erystyce językowych narzędzi kierowania uwagi odbiorcy w pożądanym kierunku.

12

Jedenastowieczne echo sporu o tytuł patriarchy ekumenicznego

58%

Wolińska T.

Vox Patrum

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2006

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vol. 49

725-734

EN

Chronicler Rodulf Glaber has written about a Byzantine legation to Rome in ca. 1024. The envoys were to demand consent, on behalf of the patriarch and the emperor, to use the title ecumenical by the bishop of the Empire’s Capital city. Glaber’s account does not seem reliable. Still, despite some scholars’ doubts, it is believed that the legation really took place. Far-sighted plans of restoring influence in Italy and Sicily may have made Emperor Basil II take up negotiations with Rome. Yet, it was unlikely for the patriarch to seek the Pope’s consent to use the title that his predecessors had used for five hundred years. Even in the era of a fierce argument about that title, which took place during the pontificate of Gregory the Great (590-604), patriarchs did not find the Pope entitled in any way to decide about it. It is possible that the envoys brought a letter, signed by patriarch Eustacius as ecumenical patriarch, which forced Pope John XIX to express his opinion about it. According to Glauber’s account the demand of the Greeks would rouse indignation

PL

Chronicler Rodulf Glaber has written about a Byzantine legation to Rome in ca. 1024. The envoys were to demand consent, on behalf of the patriarch and the emperor, to use the title ecumenical by the bishop of the Empire’s Capital city. Glaber’s account does not seem reliable. Still, despite some scholars’ doubts, it is believed that the legation really took place. Far-sighted plans of restoring influence in Italy and Sicily may have made Emperor Basil II take up negotiations with Rome. Yet, it was unlikely for the patriarch to seek the Pope’s consent to use the title that his predecessors had used for five hundred years. Even in the era of a fierce argument about that title, which took place during the pontificate of Gregory the Great (590-604), patriarchs did not find the Pope entitled in any way to decide about it. It is possible that the envoys brought a letter, signed by patriarch Eustacius as ecumenical patriarch, which forced Pope John XIX to express his opinion about it. According to Glauber’s account the demand of the Greeks would rouse indignationin the West and conseąuently the legation left Romę without success.

13

Krytyczna teoria rasy (Critical Race Theory) i obecność koncepcji rasy w kontekscie przeszłych i bieżących amerykańskich dyskusji edukacyjnych

58%

Drozdowicz J.

Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja

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2012

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vol. 1

65-80

EN

The concept of race seems to be, despite the efforts of various political movements of 1960’s still present in the public life and education in the Unites States. Contemporary educational debates in America in most cases tackle this problem through the lenses of a specific research approach which takes the concept of race as granted, when examining social relations in the American society. This approach, generally called Critical Race Theory (CRT) had been established in the late 1980’s, but its theoretical, methodological and political roots go back to the decade of the Vietnam War and the assassination of Martin Luther King or even further. This paper makes an attempt to deliver a closer look at the CRT and to highlight its most important assumptions and forms of political actions undertaken within the common frame of the racial concept. The Boasian tradition in the American way of conceptualization of race is an important factor in this debate. The past and present educational debates in the USA prove the fact that the idea of race is undergoing nowadays an intensive shift from its biological basis towards economic and social differences making the new conflicts even more visible in the American political landscape today.

14

O co tyle dymu? Kontrowersje wokół smogu w Polsce

58%

Grudowska J.

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2022

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vol. 21

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issue 3

7-25

EN

This paper attempts to answer the question of what social problems the socio-technological hybridity of smog generates and what characteristics (causes and subject matter) the smog controversy acquire from the perspective of public and business actors. Smog is treated as a hybrid of knowledge and influence that is socially redefined in the form of controversy. Crucial is not the problematic nature of smog per se, but that which is generated by the involved materiality – technology and the interests of actors and their functioning within different knowledge systems. The generating, sharing and quality of air quality data as well as used measurement technologies are the subjects of public controversy over smog. The studied controversies can be found in the following areas: reliability of the provided data, quality and presence of measurement infrastructure, position in the market for air pollution information and differences in ontologies and competencies between laypeople and experts. This study was conducted using a controversy mapping method based on the desk research.

PL

W artykule zadano pytanie, jakie problemy społeczne generuje społeczno-technologiczna hybrydalność smogu oraz jakie charakterystyki (przyczyny i przedmiot) mają kontrowersje wokół smogu w perspektywie aktorów publicznych i biznesowych. Kluczowa nie okazuje się problematyczność smogu jako takiego, ale ta, którą generuje angażowana materialność – technologia oraz interesy aktorów i ich funkcjonowanie w ramach różnych systemów wiedzy. Generowanie, udostępnianie i jakość danych na temat czystości powietrza oraz wykorzystywane technologie pomiarowe są przedmiotami kontrowersji społecznych wokół smogu. Analizowane kontrowersje dotyczą następujących obszarów: wiarygodności dostarczanych danych, jakości i obecności infrastruktury pomiarowej, pozycji na rynku informacji o zanieczyszczeniach powietrza oraz różnic w ontologiach i kompetencjach na linii laicy–eksperci. Badanie własne przeprowadzono metodą mapowania kontrowersji na podstawie danych zastanych.

15

Korpusowe metody badania logosu i etosu

51%

Budzyńska K., Konat B., Koszowy M.

Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa

|

2016

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vol. 52

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issue 3(209)

385-404

PL

Celem artykułu jest prezentacja procesu badawczego wykorzystującego lingwistyczne metody korpusowe do wzbogacania fi lozofi cznych teorii logosu (tj. struktur inferencyjnych) i etosu (tj. struktur komunikacyjnych powiązanych z charakterem czy wiarygodnością mówcy). Te dwa typy zjawisk komunikacyjnych przyciągały uwagę fi lozofów od czasów starożytnych, kiedy to Arystoteles, jako jeden z pierwszych, zaproponował sposób rozumienia tych pojęć w swojej Retoryce. Współcześnie problem eksplozji danych, związany z rozwojem nowoczesnych technologii i Internetu, postawił przed fi lozofi ą nowe wyzwanie: możliwość zautomatyzowania procesu przetwarzania dużych zasobów danych i wydobywania informacji dotyczących tego, jakie opinie i argumenty ludzie formułują, oraz tego, kto jest uznawany za wiarygodnego mówcę, wymaga dobrego zrozumienia tego, w jaki sposób ludzie faktycznie konstruują struktury logosu i etosu – nawet jeżeli są to niepoprawne konstrukcje. Stąd też w naszych badaniach stosujemy następującą metodologię: (1) wychodzimy od teorii fi lozofi cznych, (2) następnie wybieramy dziedzinę dyskursu, dla której chcemy zidentyfi kować typowe językowe zachowania związane z logosem i etosem, (3) dane te analizujemy przy użyciu wybranych teorii, (4) na podstawie statystyk i wglądu w naturę danego dyskursu formułujemy nowe twierdzenia dotyczące interesujących nas zjawisk, (5) aby w końcu móc zastosować wyniki tych badań do wspierania automatycznego wydobywania struktur logosu i etosu z dużych zasobów danych języka naturalnego.

EN

The aim of this paper is to discuss research process which employs linguistic methods of corpus analysis in order to better understand dialogue strategies people use. Theories developed in such a way are then suitable to be used for argument mining, i.e. for automated identifi cation and extraction of these strategies from large resources of texts in natural language. The paper considers two types of communication phenomena related to Aristotelian notions of logos (i.e. inferential premise-conclusion structures) and ethos (i.e.communication structures related to the character of the speaker). The goal of the paper is accomplished in four steps. The task of identifying the main problem (Sect. 1) allows us to give an outline of the corpus study method for automated argument mining (Sect. 2). Next, the explication of this method paves the way for discussing two examples of applying the corpus method to analyse logos and ethos, namely controversy and consensus (Sect. 3) and ethotic structures in a dialogue (Sect. 4).

16

„Orlové literární revoluce.“ F. X. Šalda a/versus Arnošt Procházka (a Moderní revue)

44%

Merhaut L.

Slovo a smysl - Word & Sense

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2018

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vol. 15

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issue 30

71-101

EN

The development of a professional network, as well as long-standing disputes, among the most prominent representatives of Czech modernism at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries — F. X. Šalda on the one hand, and Arnošt Procházka and the Moderní revue (especially Jiří Karásek) on the other — can be traced through several stages. First, 1893–1895, a period of mutual curiosity and emerging factions, from the earliest meeting up to the formal manifestation of Česká moderna, which was preceded by the establishment of the Moderní revue as first independent literary platform of the 1890s. Second, 1895–1900, a period in which various trends converged in the connection of art to life and society, and in a confrontation with other emerging, alternative concepts of modernism, namely Synthetism. Third, 1900–1910, a period that looks back, from the strata of generational polemics, culminating in the controversy surrounding Šalda’s pseudonyms, to the accusation of Karásek in what has come to be known as the anonymous letters affair. Fourth, 1910–1925, when each side declared hostility towards, or simply ignored, the other’s role in Czech modernism, from the conclusion of the anonymous letters affair to Procházka’s death. This study focuses in particular on the two initial periods, on the roots of the polemic, and on key moments in the 1890s: that is, on the onset and gradual differentiation of modernist literary creation and criticism in all its forms, on the transformations and extremes of the polemic as the example of a genre whose essence is dialogue and misunderstanding in equal parts. While the polemic is often rife with personal attacks, it also tends to crystallize in a mirror that reveals the collisions and transformations of Czech modern aesthetic thinking, and that illuminates connections and transitions in the field of literary and cultural production.

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