Search results

1

Nekonečné metamorfózy kritické teorie

100%

Hauser M.

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

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2013

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vol. 61

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issue 1

81-97

EN

The book under review has the following merits: the author develops his own theory and adopts a critical approach to such authorities in political philosophy as Rawls, Taylor, and Honneth; in addition the account given is systematic. This study concentrates primarily on the controversial points of Hrubec’s work. The critique is overly concerned with solidarity. In the book there are to be found communitarian tendencies that are foreign to the tradition of critical theory. The author has not thought through the relationship between solidarity and society. The basic problem is that Marek Hrubec, though he widens the view of contemporary critical theory so as to address themes in the first generation of the Frankfurt School, such as social structures and content normativity (a just and free society), understands these themes by means of Honneth’s and Taylor’s theory of recognition which, because of its formal character, is not relevant to them. These themes therefore remain in a theoretical vacuum.

CS

Přednosti recenzované knihy jsou následující. Autor rozvíjí svou vlastní teorii a zaujímá kritický postoj k takovým autoritám politické filosofie, jakými jsou Rawls, Taylor či Honneth. Dále je to systematičnost výkladu. Tato studie se zaměřuje především na sporné body Hrubcova díla. Kritika je příliš vázána na pospolitost. V knize se objevuje komunitaristická tendence vzdálená tradici kritické teorie. Autor nepromýšlí vztah mezi pospolitostí a společností. Zásadním problémem je, že Marek Hrubec sice rozšiřuje zorné pole současné kritické teorie o témata první generace frankfurtské školy, např. o společenské struktury nebo obsahovou normativitu (spravedlivá a svobodná společnost), ale uchopuje je prostřednictvím Honnethovy a Taylorovy teorie uznání, která pro svůj formální charakter běží mimo ně. Tato témata tak zůstávají v teoretickém vakuu.

2

Toleration: Conflict Resolution Method in Pluralist Societies or a Tool of Discrimination?

51%

Jarymowicz T.

Studia Philosophica Wratislaviensia

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2020

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vol. 15

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issue 1

27 - 39

EN

The article is an extended argument for a positive conception of toleration. First, it examines and ultimately rejects reductive interpretations of toleration proposed by David Heyd and Wendy Brown that stem from deflationary and deconstructive readings respectively. It is argued that deconstructive reading is not satisfactory because it perpetuates and amplifies rather than solves paradoxes of toleration, whereas Heyd’s reading does not recognise the importance of toleration for political processes. The author advocates a normative conception of toleration proposed by Rainer Forst, instead. Such a regime of toleration is based on the right to justification in which everyone affected should participate in delineating its limits as free and equal citizens. This conception not only solves the paradoxes of toleration but also does justice to its political importance.

3

Sposób informacji. Teoria krytyczna Marka Postera

51%

Zbrzezny A.

Przegląd Humanistyczny

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2019

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vol. 63(3 (466))

27-37

PL

The aim of this paper is to present the main ideas of Mark Poster – an important member of Critical Theory Institute (University of California, Irvine). His theoretical work concerns contemporary French philosophy, Marxism, and media theory. Poster introduces the concept of the “mode of information” as a continuation and development of critical theory. The mode of information is rooted in Foucault’s thought, especially in the very term of discourse. Including analyses of electronical communication, it allows describing social field as a super-panopticon. According to Poster, the mode of information can be an important device to research such problems like family, leisure, work or politics.

4

Contemporary Critical Theory

51%

Grumley J.

Edukacja Filozoficzna

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2022

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issue 74

239-249

EN

This paper employs the work of Ágnes Heller and Ferenc Fehér as a characterization of a contemporary critical theory. Critical theory is not “an argument across the ages” nor another attempt at traditional metaphysics. Like modern thinkers G.W.F. Hegel and Karl Marx, influenced by the French Revolution, the critical theory tradition endeavours to practically engage with the present and inches towards an undetermined future. Ágnes Heller and György Márkus fuse knowledge of the modern sciences with a historical anthropology that becomes an agent of practical transformation. These émigrés from Budapest took the opportunities of the capitalist West against modern societies’ fault lines to theorize a potential better future. They marshal modern knowledge against existing social reality towards a present, still typically irrational society. Contemporary critical theory has this intent and occupies this space.

5

Czytelnicy Marksa, czyli powrót do teorii tradycyjnej: św. Jürgen

51%

Zbrzezny A.

Nowa Krytyka

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2012

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issue 29

91-104

EN

The paper concerns a (narrow, but significant) problem of changes in critical theory paradigm. The main question of this paper is whether we are still able to speak/think about critical theory, especially in case of contemporary authors – like Jürgen Habermas, who is often considered as a legal successor of the Frankfurt School. In the first part, the author shows some connections between Marx’s thought and critical theory. In the second part, the author discusses a specific way of misreading Marx’s works, mainly in The Theory of Communicative Action. The third part of the paper is dedicated to a problem of differences between the “old” critical theory and the new one, represented by Habermas. The author claims that rejection of historiosophy and Habermas’s critique of the term ‘teleology’ both are making theory more positive than critical. Another important difference is the relation theory – praxis, which becomes similar to the traditional theory. Finally, the author points that it is very difficult to speak about Saint Jürgen as a rightful continuator of critical theory.

6

For a Relational Critical Discourse Analysis

51%

Zarycki T.

Stan Rzeczy

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2017

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issue 1(12) The Relational Turn in Sociology: Implications for the Study of Society, Culture, and Persons

302-328

EN

This paper proposes a relational and critical sociological perspective on discourse analysis, in particular on so-called “Critical Discourse Analysis” (CDA). The main argument of this paper is that CDA has not yet been able to turn its critical perspective towards its own field. Meanwhile, neither CDA nor other schools of discourse analysis can still pretend not to be integral parts of the system legitimizing social hierarchies in modern societies. The paper argues that discourse analysis can be seen as highly dependent on power relations, both because of its institutional positioning and because of its restricted reflexivity. A call for the development of a critical sociology of discourse analysis based on a relational approach is therefore presented. Its draft programme is largely based on inspiration from the sociology of knowledge, in particular from “the sociology of sociology” of Pierre Bourdieu.

7

Critical Sociology in Poland and its Public Function

51%

Kolasa-Nowak A.

Polish Sociological Review

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2015

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vol. 191

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issue 3

381-400

EN

The text describes how the public task of the social sciences could be linked with the practice of critical sociology. Recently, interesting changes have occurred which extend this prospect. In the last years, aside from critical analyses of changing social conditions, there have also been auto-reflections on the social entanglement of knowledge about the transformation. Critical analysis of the public function of scientific diagnoses and the engagement of sociologists is the result of earlier thinking about the model of imitative modernization. The source of the latter’s domination can be sought in the social characteristics of Eastern Europe; the basis is recognition of the area’s historical peripheralness and long-lasting economic backwardness. The growing interest in critical sociology in Poland not only broadens the interpretative palette, but above all raises questions about the originality of interpretations: that is, it addresses the mechanism of import or local creation in the interpretation of social phenomena in the post-communist sphere.

8

Żywioły antysemityzmu i dialektyka ksenofobii

45%

Kochan T.

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Politologica

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2020

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issue 24

37-49

EN

In this paper, i analyse the components that make up the concept of so-called elements of anti-Semitism as presented by Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer. According to their multi-factorial analysis of the sources behind the development of anti-Semitism in the 20th century, we can distinguish four basic dimensions thereof: socio-economic, religious, ideological and ethical-moral. After a brief characterisation of each of the elements of anti-Semitism, i then juxtapose them with the phenomenon of contemporary Islamophobia in order to attempt to prove that the concept of the authors of the Frankfurt School has a broader and non-uniform dimension; it can be treated as a philosophical-critical foundation for theoretical research in the field of contemporary xenophobias and its sources.

9

Czy Erosa można jeszcze wyzwalać? Kultura masowa w świetle Marcuseowskiej koncepcji spontanicznej sublimacji

45%

Rymarczyk P.

Nowa Krytyka

|

2011

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issue 26-27

371–392

EN

Herbert Marcuse, referring to Freud, demanded positing unrepressed childhood sexuality, characterised by polymorphous perversity and primary narcissism, as the basis for human self-realisation, which is to consist in spontaneous sublimation – that is, the process of unconstrained rationalization of the erotic drive. According to Marcuse, this would enable people – both on the individual and the social level – to live without repressing their nature and, simultaneously, to evolve in a rational and creative way. In developing these ideas, Piotr Rymarczyk – focuses on the notion of the oceanic experience, which according to Freud and Marcuse accompanies primary narcissism. He interprets it as a non-instrumental way of experiencing existence and regards it as the basis for a form of identity based the on self-affirmation of one’s own conscious and autonomous being – and not on identification with instrumentalising social roles. He also points to the possibilities of empathic identification with others provided by primary narcissism. Since Marcuse recognized art as a field where the non-repressive model of life is, to some degree, practiced even in contemporary repressive society, Rymarczyk – to illustrate the difference between the model of individual identity and life based on spontaneous sublimation and the one recommended by consumerist mass culture – tries to analyse the paintings of Frieda Kahlo and Balthus. According to him, both models are somehow founded on the body and bodily pleasures. However, in contemporary mass culture we have to do with identity based on the body treated as an external image determining the individual’s social status, and the model of life based mainly on striving for impressing others with the abovementioned glamorous bodily image and apparently hedonistic lifestyle. On the other hand, Kahlo’s and Balthis’s artworks suggest a model of identity based on identification with an animated body, which symbolizes our internal life and a model of self-realisation based on experiencing pleasures which have sensual roots, but which are enhanced by their symbolic dimension being uncovered by activity of the non-instrumental reason.

10

“GREENING” THE CRITICAL THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS WITH THE CONCEPT OF WORLD-ECOLOGY

45%

Walewicz P.

Torun International Studies

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2018

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issue 11

125-134

EN

The article signals the need for a deepened theoretical analysis of environmental issues in International Relations studies. It initializes the idea of “Greening” the Critical Theory of International Relations with critical concepts from other sciences. Thus it proposes the scope of Critical Theory of IR to be expanded to cover not only the relations between power and capital, but the relations of power-capital-nature. It shows common points between the Critical Theory of IR and the concepts of world-ecology and the Capitalocene by Jason W. Moore and proposes reforming some founding definitions that the Critical Theory of IR is based on. This includes re-conceptualizing the critique of capitalism as a way of organizing nature, but also distancing oneself from the Cartesian dichotomy of Society + Nature, which is an obstacle to properly including environmental issues in IR research.

11

Construction of gender identities via satire: The case of Juvenal

45%

Zekavat M., Pourgiv F.

The European Journal of Humour Research

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2015

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vol. 3

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issue 1

EN

Many studies underscore the societal aspects of satire, yet its role in the construction of social subjects’ identities has been mostly ignored. Since satire has been ubiquitous in various cultures and epochs, and identity is also among the primary contemporary concerns in our globalised and multicultural world, the study of the role of satire in the construction of social subjects’ identities can prove to be significantly rewarding. Accordingly, this article aims to investigate how satire can contribute to the construction of gender identity in social subjects. It is proposed that opposition/otherness/difference is the common denominator between satire and gender identity. First, different theories of humour are surveyed to show that opposition is integral to satire. Then, it is conveyed that otherness and opposition are similarly essential in the construction of gender identity in both men and women. As opposition can be a common denominator on the axis of sex, satire can be among the determinants of gender identity construction. In the end, Juvenal’s Satire VI is explicated to further illustrate the theoretical argumentation. It is concluded that the opposition essential to satire can coalesce with the integral otherness in gender identity, hence to contribute to its construction.

12

Reflections on Justice under the Context of Globalization

45%

Dunaj Ľ.

Human Affairs

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2010

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vol. 20

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issue 2

124-134

EN

This paper deals with the need to change the way in which we consider justice in connection with globalisation. It analyses injustice in countries with developed capitalism, employing the work of Axel Honneth and Nancy Fraser. The paper highlights the importance of using "critical theory" in relation to developing an acceptable understanding of the term justice, and using "critical theory" in conjunction with Hans Herbert Kögler's "philosophical hermeneutics". In order to adequately investigate contemporary human civilization it is necessary to enrich our knowledge by investigating "civilisational analysis" (Johann P. Arnason).

13

Justice and Solidarity: Compound, Confound, Confuse

45%

Nys T.

Diametros

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2015

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issue Diametros 43

72-78

EN

In response to Ruud ter Meulen’s contribution, it is argued that, although the relationship between these concepts is both tight and complex, solidarity should be carefully distinguished from justice. Although ter Meulen wants to defend a normative conception of solidarity, the relation to its descriptive component is not always very clear. As a normative concept it should not collapse into that of justice; and as a descriptive notion it is obviously defective. In order to successfully navigate between these unhappy alternatives, ter Meulen rightfully turns to critical theory. But then it is still not entirely clear how the normative considerations that ter Meulen wants to defend follow from this promising framework.

14

Studia o męskości. W poszukiwaniu nowych paradygmatów badawczych. Rec.: Masculinities and Literary Studies. Intersections and New Directions. Edited by Joseph M . Armengol, Marta Bosch-Vilarrubias, Àngels Carabí and Teresa Requena-Pelegrí. New York 2017. „Routledge Advances in Feminist Studies and Intersectionality”. [T.] 22

45%

Śmieja W.

Pamiętnik Literacki

|

2019

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vol. 110

|

issue 2

219-225

PL

Autor recenzji omawia książkę "Masculinities and Literary Studies. Intersections and New Directions", poświęconą związkom między krytycznymi studiami nad mężczyznami i męskością a literaturoznawstwem. Rekonstruuje pozycję „badań męskościowych” na przecięciu nauk społecznych i humanistycznych. Na podstawie najbardziej aktualnych publikacji zwraca uwagę na zjawiska kryzysowe w ich obrębie, a także na możliwości rozwoju. Omawiany tom wpisuje się w pejzaż teoretyczny i wskazuje nowe obszary dociekań w ramach literaturoznawstwa i badań męskości.

EN

The reviewer discusses the book entitled "Masculinities and Literary Studies. Intersections and New Directions" devoted to the connections between the critical studies in males, masculinity and literary studies. He reconstructs the position of masculinity research at the crossroads of social sciences and the humanities. As based on the latest publications, he points at the crises found within their scope and at the developmental potential. The volume in question finds its place in a theoretical base and points at new spheres of investigations within the framework of literary studies and research in masculinity.

15

DESKRYPTYWNE I NORMATYWNE KONCEPCJE IDEOLOGII

45%

Dulęba Ł.

Polityka i Społeczeństwo

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2019

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issue 2(17)

5-20 (16)

EN

The paper discusses the problem of categorizing the concept of ideology, which in contemporary political theory is returning as a concept with a heavily descriptive meaning. This perspective is the retreat from the more common, but pejorative sense of the ideology as false consciousness. The paper attempts to distinguish the descriptiveness or normativity of meanings of historical concepts of ideology. This critical review is to sensitize researchers in the field of social sciences that the applicability of the concept of ideology relates to the conceptual burden. Analyzing these approaches, the author tries to verify the cognitive meaning of the concept.

16

Philosophical Mediation in Cultural Diplomacy

45%

Mažeikis G.

Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture

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2024

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vol. 8

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issue 1

98-119

EN

This paper explores two primary propositions: a) philosophical mediation is a vital component of cultural diplomacy, historically evolving from a practice based on cultural sensitivity, critical analysis, and public discourse; b) in the realm of diplomacy, philosophical mediation delineates the principles of cultural “adaptability,” addressing local social dynamics and epistemologies where the art of negotiation is applied. This approach does not seek to dismantle or expose prejudices, ideological and religious beliefs, pseudo-historical anticipations, and political narratives. Instead, philosophical mediation strives for a delicate equilibrium; supporting tolerance of accepted traditions alongside democratic and constructive criticism, and promoting enlightenment and progress.

17

Like Marginalia in the Canon of the Oppressors: Critical Theorizing at the Margin and Attempts for Redemptive Alternatives

38%

Villacampa R. M.

Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture

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2023

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vol. 7

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issue 1

65-80

EN

Bestrewn with relics of subjugation, the frameworks that hinge on social progress have failed to appraise the plight of the marginalized in the democratic discourse. This is the case in the Philippines, as in other fringed spaces caught in hegemonic world-building. In this setup, emancipation is anchored in salvific attempts – salvaging the marginalized from a messianic standpoint. This tends to produce a pejorative image of the marginalized as incapable of self-determination. I argue in a three-part discussion: (1) reexamine the locus of the margin in critical theorizing; (2) retrace the act of recognition vis-à-vis the emancipative struggle; (3) present that the lifeworld of the marginalized offers redemptive alternatives for emancipation. Further, I argue that this offers a foremost framework in critical theorizing at the margin since their situatedness affords a stance that has not formed a patina of the West but is primarily informed by their rich local periphery.

18

K Adornově konceptualizaci sociální podstaty moderny

38%

Nový M.

Historická sociologie (Historical Sociology)

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2016

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vol. 1

53-70

EN

This study explores the fundamental traits of Adorno’s conceptual understanding of modernity. In Czech sociology, there has not been a serious discussion of Adorno’s seminal oeuvre, this article aims to fill that gap. The aim is to reconstruct the very basis of Adorno’s sociological method: firstly, the essay turns its attention to the historically specific mode of subsumption of human action to the conceptual totality of class domination. In this process, an individual adopts a positive identity within which its suppressed, ontologically negative complement – its dynamic non-identity, persists. Secondly, the study deals with Adorno’s derivation of the concept of social essence. In this respect, he draws on Marx’s Capital, but Adorno’s critical reading introduces an important conceptual innovation: under the conditions of Keynesianism, Adorno challenges the validity of Marx’s theorization of law-like objectivity of value and replaces it with the concept of exchange as the universal model of social activity. However, the study argues that Adorno’s reconstruction of Marx’s critique of political economy has reified Keynesian management of the capitalist economy.

19

Concepts of security from a perspective of political science

38%

Tuncer O. S.

Acta Politica Polonica

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2022

|

vol. 53

127-146

EN

Security is one of the most basic needs of human beings and has become one of the fundamental issues not only for people but also for the states. Security has emerged within the human history and it is one of the fundamental concepts of the discipline of international relations. Many studies have been carried out into the concept of security in the discipline of international relations and many definitions of this concept have been offered in the conceptual and theoretical framework of these studies. However, in the literature there is no one, commonly accepted definition of security. Since security has a dynamic structure, the concept of security has also changed cyclically and maintained its existence. Unique opportunities for the concept of security emerged particularly during and after the cold war, arousing interest of many disciplines and theorists. The concept of security, which continues its existence today, has changed and deepened, confronted with different threats. In our study, firstly, the concept of security will be defined and its analysis will be performed by associating it with humanity and its history. Afterwards, it will be explained how the change in the system transformed the concept of security as conceived in terms of the critical theories developed in the cold war period and later.

20

Global Conflicts and the Macro-regional Modernities. Interview with Marek Hrubec

38%

Hrubec M., Solík M.

Communication Today

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2015

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vol. 6

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issue 1

82–99

EN

The interview focuses on Marek Hrubec’s Critical theory of global society and politics. It presents a critique and explanation of social, economic, political, media, cultural issues, and explains normative alternatives. It deals with the crisis of global capitalism and the contemporary situation in the West. It compares it with the recent developments in alternative modernities in the Islamic countries, China and Russia, India and South America, and Africa. It addresses issues of global conflicts and injustice, global poverty, intercultural dialogue, corporate power, revolution and transformation, the United Nations and the requirements of cosmopolitan arrangement, and the personal experience from Central Europe and Sub-Saharan Africa.

Refine search results

Nekonečné metamorfózy kritické teorie

Toleration: Conflict Resolution Method in Pluralist Societies or a Tool of Discrimination?

Sposób informacji. Teoria krytyczna Marka Postera

Contemporary Critical Theory

Czytelnicy Marksa, czyli powrót do teorii tradycyjnej: św. Jürgen

For a Relational Critical Discourse Analysis

Critical Sociology in Poland and its Public Function

Żywioły antysemityzmu i dialektyka ksenofobii

Czy Erosa można jeszcze wyzwalać? Kultura masowa w świetle Marcuseowskiej koncepcji spontanicznej sublimacji

“GREENING” THE CRITICAL THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS WITH THE CONCEPT OF WORLD-ECOLOGY

Construction of gender identities via satire: The case of Juvenal

Reflections on Justice under the Context of Globalization

Justice and Solidarity: Compound, Confound, Confuse

DESKRYPTYWNE I NORMATYWNE KONCEPCJE IDEOLOGII

Philosophical Mediation in Cultural Diplomacy

Like Marginalia in the Canon of the Oppressors: Critical Theorizing at the Margin and Attempts for Redemptive Alternatives

K Adornově konceptualizaci sociální podstaty moderny