Artykuł dotyczy zjawiska stereotypizacji w aspekcie sytuacji antropologicznych oraz wizji świata zawartych w przekazach audiowizualnych narodowych kampanii reklamowych jednego z produktów korporacji Danone na Słowacji, w Czechach, Polsce i Rosji. Analizie jakościowej poddano reprezentatywne przykłady spotów dostępnych w międzykulturowym środowisku użytkowników serwisu internetowego You Tube. Zwrócono uwagę na stereotypy oraz perswazję reklamową ukierunkowaną na wartości instrumentalne współczesnej kultury. Wskazano na pewne uniwersalia aksjosfery w reklamowym wymiarze medialnej kultury krajów słowiańskich. Poddano również analizie osobliwość rosyjskich kampanii reklamowych polegającą na upowszechnianiu stereotypu męskiej agresji w relacjach interpersonalnych.
Before the age of mass media and mass travel (including tourism), cultural stereotypes were formed and communicated predominantly utilizing literature and other written sources (Fischer 1987). Nowadays, people travel extensively; they can get direct information from radio, television, and social media, yet stereotypes still seem to prevail. The general Czech contemporary notion of Scandinavian societies comes to the fore in the reviews of translated Scandinavian literature and Scandinavian (or Nordic) films, written by professionals and published in the edited press or the largely unedited social media. In these reviews, one can discern certain paradigms that doubtlessly amount to stereotypes. In this article, I will present a qualitative discourse analysis of Scandinavian stereotypes in the Czech reception of the Scandinavian arts, especially literature, taking into account the intertextual and contextual aspects of the Scandinavian ethnotypes occurring in reviews and paratexts in Czech mass media. I focus on two explicitly addressed images: The emancipated Scandinavian woman, and the alleged Scandinavian egalitarianism. Finally, I will resort to Tzvetan Todorov’s typology of relations to the Other. I will try to explain the activist criticism of Czech reviewers, who tend to compare the Czech situation with the Scandinavian one, using Todorov’s three axes describing the relation to alterity.
Functioning of multinational corporations requires international staffing decisions, which involves, among other issues, sending expatriates to foreign subsidiaries and/or hiring inpatriates in the headquarters. The evaluation of a manager’s professional competence by his/her subordinates, peers or superiors is determined, for example, by cultural stereotypes intertwined with the manager’s nationality. Such an evaluation may affect the quality of cross-cultural interactions and therefore influence effectiveness of a MNC’s staff. Thus the aim of this paper is to initially verify whether the country-of-origin of a manager may affect the perception of his/her professional competence. The analysis of this relationship is based on the literature review and the empirical findings from the authors’ research. An experiment on management students is the research method that was applied in the study. As a result, the authors attempt to examine whether there are cultural stereotypes that ascribe higher or lower managerial competence to individuals from certain countries. The analysis may also contribute to the literature and research on liability of foreignness as well as cultural stigmatization issues. The empirical findings from the pilot study suggest that the nationality of a manager may affect the evaluation of his/her competences by other people.
The article is devoted to the reception of the “Polish” in the Russian-language fiction. It indicates the sources of “background knowledge” of Poland from the authors and readers. The article deals with of images of Poland from the Soviet era to the present. Here are presented the schemes of work with the Polish material in the Soviet and post-Soviet fiction. Among them are: 1) the use of the Slavic (and Polish) material to provide the reader with a distance; 2) the use of “Polishness” as a mirror for self-examination of Russian culture; 3) the game with the Polish in the context of revenge models in the alternative stories (Poland as an “internal” and “external” enemy).
The aim of this paper is to characterize and dispute the cultural stereotypes and prejudices against the Indians depicted in the writings of Rudyard Kipling (1865–1936), one of the most popular British novelists of the Victorian era. The starting point for these reflections is George Orwell’s essay in which he describes Kipling as a racist and imperialist as well as a morally insensitive and aesthetically disgusting figure. To verify this view the present author undertakes an analysis of the cultural stereotypes and prejudices embedded in the selected novels by Kipling. In reconsidering Kipling’s works, she traces the connections between his own world-view and the negative reception of Indians within the Anglo-Indian community by which he was largely shaped. The paper concludes by supporting Orwell’s criticism and demonstrating how Kipling reinforced the stereotype of an Indian, thus reflecting the cultural cliché widespread among the xenophobic and conservative Anglo-Indians in the 19th century
The article summarises the leading symbols and concepts, claimed to belong to the Eastern Orthodox tradition according to students’ presentations at the final stages of the Slavic Contest for students from the Lublin Voivodeship. The Contest is held annually since 2009 and is organised by the Institute of Slavic Philology at the Marie Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Poland. Presentations from the last four editions of the Contest lead to the conclusion that Eastern Orthodox tradition appeals to young audiences in the Lublin region due to its association with ancient and exotic customs and rituals, however it is exclusively connected to the Russian-Ukrainian cultural heritage.
PL
Autor analizuje główne symbole i koncepcje, uważane za należące do tradycji prawosławnej, które są często wykorzystywane w prezentacjach uczniowskich podczas finałowych edycji Konkursu Slawistycznego, organizowanego corocznie od 2009 roku przez Instytut Filologii Słowiańskiej Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie. Analizując prezentacje z ostatnich czterech edycji Konkursu autor formułuje wniosek, że tradycje prawosławne przyciągają uwagę uczniów na Lubelszczyźnie dzięki swojej egzotyce i archaiczności, lecz utożsamiane są jedynie z rosyjskim i ukraińskim dziedzictwem kulturowym.
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