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EN
In our article we attempt to reveal the potential of a foreign language as an academic subject in the realization of student multicultural education in higher pedagogical educational establishments. There was used a complex of general sciences methods according totheaim of thearticle: analysis (historiographical, comparative, retrospective), synthesis, abstraction, generalization, analogy for consideration of the development history of formation and theoretical issues of language education and practice of teaching foreign languages. Multicultural education is seen as a complex, multidisciplinary concept that combines a variety of approaches to addressing the cultural heterogeneity of society and is an integral part of general education in most countries of the world. It is revealed that foreign language is an important means of multicultural education of student youth, formation of a culture of inter-ethnic relations of students in the conditions of state orientation on establishment of all-round contacts with peace-loving countries of the world. The effectiveness of multicultural education while teaching foreign languages in higher education institutions is ensured under the following conditions: involving students in learning and communication activities aimed at supporting the implementation of standard microfunctions (establishing social relationships, motivations, expressing attitudes, assisting in communication, etc.) and macrofunctions (description, narration, commentary, beliefs, etc.) in popular fields for young people which are primarily public (social-domestic, sociocultural, public and political), educational and personal; problem-thematic orientation of the subject-based communication content; using interactive methods in student learning and communication activities; special selection of linguistic and speech material based on regional studies to be included in the education process. Further researches of the problem will consist in determining the content, technologies of student multicultural education while mastering a foreign language, the study of foreign experience in promoting multicultural education among the youth in higher education institutions.
PL
Artykuł poświęcony badaniu poetyckiej spuścizny nieznanej polskiej poetki okresu międzywojennego Zofji Marji Bessażanki, prawdopodobnie rodem z Kołomyi lub rejonu Kołomyjskiego w zakresie historii etnicznej i politologii, literatury, kultury pamięci. Dziś nie da się ustalić miejsca jej narodzin i śmierci, wiadomo jednak, że w końcu lat dwudziestych i w pierwszej połowie lat trzydziestych XX w. zajmowała się literaturoznawstwem, w szczególności obroniła rozprawę z historii literatury polskiej, pracowała w szkolnictwie polskim w Kołomyi, podróżowała Pokuciem i Huculszczyzną oraz innymi rejonami II Rzeczypospolitej. Mając na myśli interdyscyplinarne podejście zastosowane w artykule, autor, opierając się na współczesnych dyskursach interpretacji literatury kresowej (Alexander Fiut) i typologiach patriotyzmu (Piotr Bugalski, Stanisław Ossowski), sugeruje zinterpretować poezje Z. M. Bessażanki jako swego rodzaju manifestację „nacjonalizmu opiekuńczego”, który był po części odzwierciedleniem kultury stosunków międzyetnicznych w Galicji Wschodniej (Małopolska Wschodnia) w okresie międzywojennym. Jednocześnie autor proponuje zrozumienie twórczości poetki jako swoistego „echa” od twórczości wybitnego poety-modernisty Jana Kasprowicza (aluzja, parafrazy), także została określona intertekstualna podstawa jej wierszy – z uwagi na zaangażowanie ku polskim romantyków (Juliusz Słowacki, Adam Mickiewicza), częściowo niemieckim (Heinrich Heine). Stwierdza się, że spuścizna poetycka Z. M. Bessażanki jest dość oryginalną, choć oryginalną ekspresją własnego etnicznego „ja”, swoistą mapą świata galicyjskiej i polskiej sfery etnopolitycznej okresu międzywojennego.
EN
The article is devoted to the study of the poetic heritage of the unknown Polish poetess of the interwar period Zofja Marja Bessażanka, a probable native of Kolomyia or Kolomyia region in terms of ethnic history and political science, literature, culture of memory. Today it is impossible to establish the place of her birth and death, but it is known that in 1920 – 1930 she was engaged in literary studies, in particular defended a dissertation on the history of Polish literature, was active in Polish schools in Kolomyia, travelled to Pokuttya and Hutsul and other regions of the II Polish Republic. Given the interdisciplinary approach used in the article, the author, based on modern discourses in interpretations of literature of the Kresy (Alexander Fiut) and typologies of patriotism (Piotr Bugalski, Stanisław Ossowski), suggests interpreting Z. M. Besssażanka’s poetry as a kind of manifestation of “protective nationalism”, which was partly a reflection of the culture of interethnic relations in Eastern Galicia (Małopolska Wschodnia) in the interwar period. At the same time, the understanding of the poetess work as a kind of “echo” of an outstanding modernist Polish poet Jan Kasprowicz (allusions, paraphrases) was proposed, the intertextual basis of her poems was stated – given the involvement of Polish romanticists (Juliusz Słowacki, Adam Mickiewicz), partly German (Heinrich Heine). It is concluded that the poetic heritage of Z. M. Bessażanka is an original, albeit original expression of the ethnic “I”, a kind of picture of the world of the East Galician and Polish ethno-political sphere of the interwar period.
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