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EN
The goal of the article is to seek to answer the question how to describe folk lexis on the Slavic borderlands. On the basis of the analysis of different types of Polish, Ukrainian and Belarusian dictionaries, the author draws a conclusion that differential dictionaries that contain lexis from dialect areas of different dialectal classification do not show objective linguistic reality. He suggests that the description of lexis made according to the criterion of the opposition between dialect and literary language should be replaced by the opposition between a dialect and other dialects within one national language.
Gwary Dziś
|
2020
|
vol. 12
229-245
EN
The article describes two regional dictionaries from the north-central region of Małopolska (Lesser Poland) by Father Władysław Siarkowski. They contain records of the nineteenth century lexicon from the Kielce Region (environs of Kielce, Pińczów). The lexical materials were published in 1878 and 1891.When characterising sets of words, the following issues are taken into consideration: a) the time when the glossaries were compiled; b) the volume; c) the territorial scope; d) the macro-structure of the dictionaries; e) the micro-structure of the dictionaries. The lexical material included in the dictionaries is primarily a source of knowledge about the oldest status of the Małopolska dialects (more precisely, the north-central region of Małopolska) and a source of research into the Polish dialects in general. The author also provides insight into the technicalities of unqualified lexicographers, enthusiasts, hobbyists, lovers of folk artefacts, whose actions helped to preserve and save from oblivion the speech of rural residents in a time when Poland did not enjoy independence as a state
PL
Przedmiotem opisu w artykule są dwa regionalne słowniczki z obszaru Małopolski środkowo-północnej autorstwa ks. Władysława Siarkowskiego. Rejestrują one dziewiętnastowieczną leksykę z regionu kieleckiego (okolice Kielc, Pińczowa).Charakteryzując zbiorki wyrazów, uwzględniam następujące kwestie: a) czas powstania słowniczków; b) objętość; c) zasięg terytorialny; d) makrostrukturę słowniczków, e) mikrostrukturę słowniczków. Zawarty w nich materiał leksykalny stanowi przede wszystkim źródło do poznania najstarszego stanu gwar małopolskich (ściślej: Małopolski środkowo-północnej), źródło do badań gwar polskich w ogóle, ale daje także wgląd w pracę warsztatową niewykwalifikowanych leksykografów, pasjonatów, hobbystów, miłośników „rzeczy ludowych”, których działania przyczyniły się do zachowania i ocalenia od zapomnienia mowy mieszkańców wsi w dobie niewoli narodowej.
EN
The article discusses some issues relating to the field of research analysis of linguistic material recorded in the contact zone of the Belarusian dialects with other languages (dialects). The author traces the publications of researchers, especially those which were written at the turn of the twentieth and twenty-first century, and on their basis some issues are discussed concerning the ambiguity of the terms; she compares them with traditional and innovative ways of interpreting linguistic facts and also shows that some stereotypes were contemporary in linguistic studies.
PL
W artykule poruszono kwestie dotyczące badań terenowych oraz analizy językoznawczej materiału pochodzącego ze stref kontaktów gwar białoruskich z innymi językami (gwarami). Autorka dokonuje przeglądu publikacji z przełomu XX i XXI wieku, aby na ich podstawie rozważyć dyskusyjne kwestie odnoszące się do określeń o charakterze terminologicznym. Zestawia uzupełniające się tradycyjne i nowatorskie sposoby interpretacji faktów językowych oraz pokazuje, że niektóre stereotypowe poglądy pojawiają się także we współczesnych opracowaniach językoznawczych.
RU
У артыкуле абмяркоўваюцца асобныя праблемы палявых даследаванняў на паграніччы, а таксама лінгвістычнага аналізу матэрыялу, які ілюструе моўныя кантакты беларускіх гаворак з іншымі мовамі (гаворкамі). Робіцца агляд публікацыяў даследчыкаў, асабліва надрукаваных на мяжы ХХ і ХХІ стст., абапіраючыся на якія разглядаюцца дыскусійныя пытанні адносна неадназначных тэрмінаў, супастаўляюцца традыцыйныя і інавацыйныя спосабы інтэрпрэтацыі моўных фактаў, а таксама паказваецца, што некаторыя стэрэатыпныя ўяўленні датычаць і сучасных мовазнаўчых даследаванняў.
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