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Quelle serait la quantité d’informations nécessaire et suffisante pour une définition ?

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Alic L.
Studia Romanica Posnaniensia
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2012
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vol. 39
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issue 4
7-17
EN
In this paper we intend to prove the importance of cognition in the difficult and complex task of finding the right definition for a term or a collocation. The principles of categorization can be successfully applied in order to find the needed and structured information about the perceived world. They can also help finding the attributes that distinguish representatives of one category. Categorizing by using prototypes contributes to the development of individuals’ vocabulary in various fields and also in discovering the most important distinctive features in order to define object, beings or abstract notions of the perceived world. A good definition must contain not only distinctive features but also specific attributes, in order to increase its accuracy.
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Die Realisierung der Plosive in den Nationalvarietäten des Deutschen in Deutschland, Österreich und in der Schweiz

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Solska T.
Linguistica Pragensia
|
2021
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vol. 31
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issue 1
74-89
EN
The present paper deals with the synchronic variation of plosive phonemes in the national varieties of German in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Our research task was to describe the full range of modifications of the plosives in the national varieties under investigation and to determine two conditional factors: 1) which modifications are due to positional and combinatorial conditions of sound realization; 2) which modifications can be taken to be typical of these national varieties of German. The data collected are based on the acoustic analysis of reproductive speech (a reading of a word list and short stories by Leonhard Thoma) of 12 German teachers (4 for each national variety) from Northern Germany, from the Vienna area and from the cantons of Aargau and Lucerne. Our results showed that national-specific modifications of the plosive phonemes are the frequent loss of tone by the lax plosives [b̥], [d̥], [g̊] in the speech of the German Swiss and Austrians, and a weakening until the complete loss of aspiration by the plosives [p] and [t] in the speech of Austrians.
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