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1

Aspekty konstrukcyjnoprawne podziału nieruchomości

100%

Truszkiewicz Z.

Studia Iuridica Agraria

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2012

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vol. 10

105-122

XX

Space is a joint interest that requires legal protection ensured through administrative (authoritarian) legal instruments. The value of this interest is incalculable, thus the instances of restriction of land ownership are not an infrequent occurrence. The main legal instrument affecting space development is the local land use plan adopted by the competent municipal or rural council. This document underlies a variety of decisions (administrative and judicial) involving land use. One of them is the decision approving the property division plan. The solutions adopted in the plan must be in line with the aforesaid land use document. If the divided property is not covered by a land use plan, the conformity of property division is determined based on the location decision or, if the latter is absent, pursuant to the specific provisions governing land use. Polish regulations on the rules and procedures for property division were laid down as early as in 1928. These rules and procedures have been altered several times ever since. Currently, the effective law is Articles 92–100 of the Act of 21 August 1997 on Property Management (consolidated text: Journal of Laws of 2010, No. 102, item 651 as amended). The measures adopted in the new law differ from previous solutions. By and large, the new regulation stipulates the control of divisions of land lots and not the divisions of larger property that may consist of many lots. This may come as a surprise since the manner of using land property in accordance with the local land use plan or other documents is contingent upon the area and shape of the property rather than the area and shape of a parcel being part of that property. This paper aims to assess the adopted solutions on the division of property against the modifications made and from the viewpoint of legal risks that arise from these new regulations. The currently binding arrangements regarding the division of property have been assessed positively in principle although they narrow the scope of property division control. With regard to the specific regulations, they are not entirely consistent, which is the source of certain legal risks associated with property transactions.

2

Podział nieruchomości – zagadnienia administracyjnoprawne

75%

Marciniuk K.

Studia Iuridica

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2016

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vol. 61

181-210

EN

In the article the author discusses issues referring to the division of property. Division of property is one of the basic processes connected with the property management and is highly important for the property transactions and thus influences the real property market. An essential part of this paper focuses on the analysis of the current regulation regarding division of property under the Real Estate Management Act of 1997. This work presents the general problems connected with the performance of the property division and presents the basic concepts and laws. The paper outlines also conditions for the division of property as well as details of the procedure governing division of real property focusing on practical issues and recent interpretations of the administrative courts, e.g. coherence of the intended division with the planning regulations, access to public roads as well as situations where administrative approval of the intended division results in the transfer of part of the property to public entities (in cases where part of the divided land is designated for the public road construction of modernisation). The other issue elaborated in the paper is connected with the financial consequences of the division of land (adjacent levies). The analysis of the applicable legislation indicates to the fact that current administrative control of the urban property division is quite complex and is subordinated to the planning regulations. The different situation appears in case of agricultural and forest lands, where virtually no restrictions are imposed on division of properties.

3

Zakres zastosowania ustawy o kształtowaniu ustroju rolnego do regulacji prawnorolnych w Kodeksie cywilnym

62%

Łobos-Kotowska D., Stańko M.

Przegląd Prawa Rolnego

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2020

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issue 1(26)

11-28

IT

Le considerazioni svolte riguardano il problema di applicazione delle disposizioni di legge sul regime agricolo nel campo relativo alle regolazioni giuridiche riguardanti l’agricoltura contenute nel codice civile. Nello specifico, tenendo conto della legge in esame, si intende discutere la successione delle aziende agricole, inclusa la divisione dell’eredità, di cui fa parte l’azienda agricola, la cessazione della comproprietà nonché la cessazione della divisione del patrimonio comune dei coniugi. L’obiettivo che il legislatore si è prefissato è stato quello di garantire la tutela dei terreni agricoli, prevista nelle disposizioni del codice civile, pure a livello della compravendita degli immobili agricoli. Sorgono, tuttavia, dubbi interpretativi relativi alla mancanza di identità semantica nelle espressioni utilizzate in entrambi gli atti giuridici, il che porta a modificare istituti codicistici. È inaccettabile che, in virtù delle disposizioni di leggi specifiche, vengano modificati gli istituti giuridici riguardanti l’agricoltura contenuti nel codice, posti a garanzia della proprietà agricola. Questo modo di „modificare” il codice civile porta a incoerenze e disfunzioni del sistema giuridico.

EN

The considerations concern the applicability of the provisions of the Act on shaping the agricultural system to the legal regulations of agriculture contained in the civil code. The focus is on the inheritance of agricultural holdings, as well as the division of inheritance consisting of an agricultural holding, the abolition of joint ownership of an agricultural holding and the division of joint property of spouses, taking into account the provisions of the Act on shaping the agricultural system. The intention of the legislator was to ensure protection of agricultural land also in the scope of trading in agricultural real estate that has been provided for in the civil code. However, there are doubts regarding the interpretation of the terms used in both legislative acts as it leads to certain differences in the understanding of institutions defined in the code. However, this is an unacceptable situation and the provisions of special laws must not change the legal definitions of agricultural institutions guaranteeing agricultural property. This way of "amending" the civil code results in the inconsistency and dysfunctionality of the legal system.

PL

Rozważania dotyczą stosowania przepisów ustawy o kształtowaniu ustroju rolnego do regulacji prawnorolnych zawartych w Kodeksie cywilnym. Obejmują dziedziczenie gospodarstw rolnych, w tym dział spadku, w skład którego wchodzi gospodarstwo rolne, zniesienie współwłasności gospodarstwa rolnego (zarówno w drodze umowy, jak i orzeczenia sądowego) oraz podział majątku wspólnego małżonków, z uwzględnieniem regulacji ustawy o kształtowaniu ustroju rolnego. Założeniem ustawodawcy było zapewnienie ochrony ziemi rolniczej także w zakresie obrotu nieruchomościami rolnymi, przewidzianej w przepisach Kodeksu cywilnego. Wątpliwości interpretacyjne budzi jednak brak tożsamości znaczeniowej zwrotów użytych w obu aktach prawnych, co prowadzi do modyfikacji kodeksowych instytucji. Nie do przyjęcia jest to, że mocą przepisów ustaw szczególnych zmianie ulegają kodeksowe instytucje prawnorolne stanowiące gwarancję własności rolniczej. Taki sposób „nowelizowania” Kodeksu cywilnego prowadzi do niespójności i dysfunkcjonalności systemu prawnego.

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1 Przegląd Prawa Rolnego

1 Studia Iuridica

1 Studia Iuridica Agraria

1 Marciniuk K.

1 Stańko M.

1 Truszkiewicz Z.

1 Łobos-Kotowska D.

1 2020

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Aspekty konstrukcyjnoprawne podziału nieruchomości

Podział nieruchomości – zagadnienia administracyjnoprawne

Zakres zastosowania ustawy o kształtowaniu ustroju rolnego do regulacji prawnorolnych w Kodeksie cywilnym