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Wykorzystanie technologii wirtualnej rzeczywistości w psychologii klinicznej

100%
Cyranek Ł.
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia de Cultura
|
2018
|
issue 10(4) "Cyberpsychologia. Nowe strategie badania mediów i ich użytkowników"
27-39
PL
W artykule przeanalizowane zostało zastosowanie technologii rzeczywistości wirtualnej (VR) w psychologii klinicznej i neuropsychologii. VR pojawiła się kilka lat temu jako metoda stosowana w psycholog kliniczny i neuropsychologii, w diagnostyce, terapii i rehabilitacji, np. lęku, fobii specyficznych i zespołu stresu pourazowego. VR stała się alternatywą dla terapii ekspozycji, jako jej bezpieczniejsza, mniej kłopotliwa i mniej kosztowna forma. Analiza opiera się na najnowszych pracach amerykańskich badaczy, którzy stosowali takie metody, jak: Zadania Wirtualnego Supermarketu (VST, Virtual Supermarket Task), Wirtualny Test Lateralizacji Uwagi (VRLAT, Virtual Reality Lateralized Attention Test), Zadania Wirtualnych Zakupów (VRST, Virtual Reality Shopping Task).
EN
This paper will analyse the usage of virtual reality (VR) technology in clinical psychology especially neuropsychology. VR has emerged few years ago as a potentially efficient method of providing general and specialty psychological health. Clinical psychologist and neuropsychologists use VR in diagnosis, therapy and rehabilitation for example of anxiety disorders and executive functions. One of the most important advantage of using virtual reality tasks in neuropsychology is high ecological validity which is necessary for providing natural contects of diagnosis. The analysis is based on recent works of American researchers who used virtual reality methods like Nonimmersive Virtual Coffe Task, Virtual Supermarket Task, Virtual Reality Lateralized Attention Test, Virtual Reality Shopping Task and Virtual Classroom Task.
2

THE INFLUENCE OF IMPROBABLE OPTIONS ON THE CONFIDENCE OF CHOICE

67%
Móra L. X.
Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)
|
2010
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vol. 65
|
issue 2
295-320
EN
We need to make a choice between alternatives on numerous occasions in our everyday life. However, we are not always confident that we have made the right decision. The subjective sense of certainty that accompanies our decisions made in uncertain situations is usually expressed in labels or in percentages: “dead sure”, “it may be right”, 90%, etc. Calibration research focuses on what these verbal labels and percentages express and how they are related to the final outcome. For example, whether out of a 100 situations where we make decisions with 90% confidence, the number of decisions that afterwards can be considered correct decisions/judgments is truly around 90. The current research examines how the options that are ruled out easily by decision makers influence the confidence of choice for the remaining options. The general decision making process appears to start with ruling out unrealistic options and then contemplating the choice between the remaining realistic ones. On the basis of the study, it can be stated that unrealistic options do not make the decision more difficult and do not add to the uncertainty of decision making, on the contrary, they make the decision maker more confident. These results contradict the normative decision theory, the support theory of probability calibration, the theory of ecological validity and probabilistic mental models and are in accordance with the theory of optimistic overconfidence.
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