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EN
During the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, the Hungarian sports team's performance was worse than expected by most of the Hungarian people and the leaders of the Hungarian sports establishment. The Hungarian athletes returned home with a much lower medal tally than in previous decades. More than two years have elapsed since the Olympic Games, but instead of analysing the real reasons for the poor performance, most of the debates in Hungary are about whether we will restore our reputation by taking 8-10 gold medals in the 2012 London Olympics.People in the United Kingdom are also full of hope for a great medal tally in London, not just because of the "home team advantage" but also by reason of the UK's outstanding performance in 2008. The British team finished fourth in the final medal table at the Beijing Olympic Games despite their poor performance one-and-half decades ago in Atlanta, surprising not just the British but also the whole world. By this time, the British strategy was to invest not just in elite sports but also in grass-roots participation sports. If Hungary wants to enhance its elite sports, it must engage in similar changes. It is clear from the latest data that the Hungarian XXI Sports Strategy's aim of making Hungary a sporting nation seems an illusion. Participation sports, which are the foundation of national sporting success and provide the future talents for the elite sports sector, are in need of urgent and substantive reform.By means of secondary analyses and document analyses this article discusses the current state of British sport using the latest data. It then examines recent reforms in English participation sports as well as the latest sports strategy in England and its objectives. In all this, it makes comparison with what is happening in Hungary. The upshot is that Hungary and Britain differ at many points throughout the whole process, from strategy planning to implementation. These contrasts explain the differences in the effectiveness of the British and Hungarian processes. We hope that the outcome of this examination of the efficient Western European process and its comparison with the unsuccessful Hungarian system will assist those responsible for the development of participation sports and elite sports in Hungary.
EN
Background. An increasing international competitiveness in sports have induced nations to adopt a range of strategies to foster elite sports development. One of these strategies include the recognition of coaches´ qualification to support athletes´ preparation. However, understanding on how coaches are trained to fulfil their roles within elite sports is still required. Problem and Aim. Knowledge on coaches´ professional education and career is scarce in a range of sports, including judo. In this context, the purpose of the study was to analyze top-level judo coaches´ professional education and career across countries. Methods. Qualitative comparative analysis method framed the study. Participants included 17 judo coaches of top-level youth teams from 14 countries. Data were generated through semi-structured interviews and examined by a process of content analysis. Results. Seven categories were generated: athlete life, career transition, qualification, professional education, career, job assignments and professional training process. The main findings suggested that judo coaches´ professional education and career can be described into four groups at an international level, depending on the presence/ absence of characteristics that connect/distance the coaching activity to/from the scientific-professional perspective. The four groups were described as institutionalized by sports organizations, based on academic knowledge provided by universities, partially institutionalized by sports organizations, and based on practical experience acquired as an athlete. Conclusions. The study suggested a relationship between national sports systems and judo coaches’ education and career. The study supported the need for countries to elaborate policies for judo coaches´ development to work with elite sports.
PL
Tło. Rosnąca międzynarodowa konkurencyjność w sporcie skłoniła kraje do przyjęcia szeregu strategii wspierających rozwój sportu elitarnego. Jedna z tych strategii obejmuje uznawanie kwalifikacji trenerów w celu wspierania przygotowania sportowców. Jednak nadal wymagane jest zrozumienie, w jaki sposób trenerzy są szkoleni do pełnienia swoich ról w sporcie na najwyższym poziomie. Problem i cel. Wiedza na temat edukacji i kariery zawodowej trenerów jest niewielka w wielu dyscyplinach sportowych, w tym w judo. W tym kontekście, celem badania była analiza edukacji zawodowej i kariery trenerów judo na najwyższym poziomie w różnych krajach. Metody. W badaniu zastosowano metodę jakościowej analizy porównawczej. W badaniu wzięło udział 17 trenerów judo z najlepszych drużyn młodzieżowych z 14 krajów. Dane zostały wygenerowane poprzez częściowo ustrukturyzowane wywiady i zbadane w procesie analizy treści. Wyniki. Stworzono siedem kategorii: życie sportowca, ścieżka kariery, kwalifikacje, edukacja zawodowa, kariera, zadania zawodowe i proces szkolenia zawodowego. Główne ustalenia sugerują, że edukację zawodową i karierę trenerów judo można opisać w czterech grupach na poziomie międzynarodowym, w zależności od obecności/braku cech, które łączą/oddalają działalność trenerską od/z perspektywy naukowo-zawodowej. Te cztery grupy zostały opisane jako zinstytucjonalizowane przez organizacje sportowe, oparte na wiedzy akademickiej dostarczanej przez uniwersytety, częściowo zinstytucjonalizowane przez organizacje sportowe i oparte na praktycznym doświadczeniu zdobytym przez sportowca. Wnioski. Badanie sugeruje związek między krajowymi systemami sportowymi a edukacją i karierą trenerów judo. Badanie potwierdziło potrzebę opracowania przez kraje polityki rozwoju trenerów judo do pracy ze sportami elitarnymi.
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