A new type of dictionary – a psychological linguistic dictionary was compiled as a result of analyzing 15918 Russian adjectives from the perspective of their relationship with emotions originating in reference to various senses. The dictionary contains information on “the emotional load” of these adjectives, that is how pleasant or how unpleasant emotions a given adjective evokes. The analyzed lexemes were assessed by respondents on the scale of emotions: slightly (un)pleasant – moderately (un)pleasant – very (un)pleasant, which was marked with an appropriate number of pluses or minuses. Although it is believed that representatives of different cultures experience universal emotions, their quality and intensity hidden behind particular linguistic units can diverge for different cultural linguistic communities. Emotions are conditioned socially, culturally and historically; they play an important role in international communication. Thus, when they are incompetently and mistakenly interpreted, this can disturb dialogue between various cultures and even lead to conflicts. In the article, considering equivalents mięsny/мясной and other counterparts, it can be said that not all the examples have a parallel emotional value. Despite the genealogical relationship between the languages and cultures in question, emotive contrasts are not rare. This leads to considering a significant issue of emotive adequacy of dictionary equivalents, which has to be addressed by translators and language teachers.
В статье представлен лингвокультурный анализ концептов эмоций страх, страдание, радость как одних из наиболее значимых в русской языковой картине мира. Особое внимание уделено разноуровневым языковым средствам репрезентации эмоциональных состояний. Исследование динамики понятийных составляющих концептов эмоций страх, страдание, радость в русском языковом сознании сопровождается в статье выявлением облигаторных признаков рассматриваемых концептов и установлением специфики их языковых проекций. Анализ социокультурной составляющей концептов связан с когнитивной интерпретацией событий в сознании человека, которая может быть изменена под влиянием «эмоционального режима».
EN
The article gives a linguo-cultural analysis of such concepts as fear, suffering and joy, which are the most prominent in the Russian linguistic picture of the world. Special attention is given to language means on different levels used to represent emotional conditions. Research of the dynamics of notional constituents of such emotional concepts as fear, suffering and joy in Russian linguistic consciousness is followed in the article by identifying obligatory features of the examined concepts and establishing the specifics of their language projections. The analysis of socio-cultural components of the concepts is connected to the cognitive interpretation of events in the human consciousness, which can be influenced by the change of the “emotional mode”.
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