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Functioning of Lexical Connections in Patients with Neurodegenerative Diseases. Case Study of a Patient with Spinocerebellar Ataxia (SCA)

100%
Gatkowska I., Jauer-Niworowska O.
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
|
2023
|
issue 19
65-84
EN
Aim of the research: interdisciplinary description of functioning of lexical connections in a patient with spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA-type1). There is little research on lexical networks in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. Procedure: the subject was asked to give associations to 63 stimuli-lexemes. Tools used in the study: the Experimental lexical network of the Polish language, a digital recorder, an Olympus 650 DM. The Experimental lexical network was developed by Izabela Gatkowska (2017). It was created as a result of the study concerning the associations of 900 healthy Polish-speaking adults. Utterances of the subject were recorded, transcribed and compared with standard data. Results: the reactions of the subject were different from the associations presented in the Experimental lexical network. The most common verbal reactions were: creating definitions of stimuli-word meanings or making comment on them. Associations created by the subject were based on paradigmatic or syntagmatic relations. The authors explain how the specific verbal behaviour of the subject is related to the cognitive and language dysfunctions caused by the cerebellar damages. The results showed that language processing should not be regarded as separate from other cognitive functions. Verbal reactions of the subject are slightly similar to aphasic symptoms, but mostly they are related to cerebellar damage and executive disorders. The results obtained proved the validity of the connection between linguistic and psychological methods and tools in studies which concern the language behaviour of patients with neurodegenerative diseases.
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Konotacje koloru w testach swobodnych skojarzeń słownych w ciągu pięćdziesięciu lat. Studium porównawcze.

85%
Gatkowska I.
Polonica
|
2020
|
vol. 40
EN
The article presents an analysis of  lexical data obtained by a free word association experiment in two studies separated by 50 years (Kurcz 1967, Gatkowska 2017: 1000 and 900 subjects respectively). Comparative analysis was used to analyze the names of colors (white, yellow, black, red, blue and green) and their  experimental connotations. The gap of 50 years revealed the stability of  meanings (semantic connotations) resulting from the fact that a given color is an inherent feature (e.g. white – snow), as well as stability of conventions (e.g. white – purity, innocence) and the simultaneous variability of extra-linguistic facts, e.g. the numerous lexical connotations of red in the Kurcz study, motivated by the political situation of Poland at the time, that are not present in the  contemporary experiment, or new color connotations ( e.g. black – elegant, green – money). In both experiments one can see the use of metonymy to connect a color name and a person.  
PL
Artykuł przedstawia analizę danych leksykalnych pozyskanych od 1000 i 900 osób za pomocą eksperymentu skojarzeniowego w dwóch badaniach, które dzieli 50 lat (Kurcz 1967,  Gatkowska 2017). Jako metodę zastosowano analizę porównawczą, której przedmiotem są nazwy kolorów (biały, żółty, czarny, czerwony, niebieski i zielony ) i ich konotacje uzyskane eksperymentalnie. Różnica 50 lat ujawniła stabilność znaczeń (konotacje semantyczne) wynikającą z faktu, że dany kolor stanowi cechę inherentną obiektu (np. biały – śnieg), stabilność konwencji (np. biały – czystość, niewinność) i jednoczesną zmienność faktów pozajęzykowych, np. konotacje bodźca czerwony w badaniu Kurcz motywowane ówczesną sytuacją polityczną Polski, których nie ma w wynikach badania współczesnego, oraz nowe połączenia kolorów (np. czarny – elegancki, zielony – pieniądz). Wspólny jest metonimiczny mechanizm łączenia nazwy koloru z osobą.
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