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EN
This paper presents the analysis of difficulties in translation into Polish of the Russian film Поцелуй сквозь стену (directed by Wartan Akopian, 2011). Quotes, foreign phrases, colloquialisms, occupational slang, word plays and, finally, word and visual plays are only some of the problems for students who begin to learn the art of translation. This translation project lasted from March to June 2012 and included a group of student‑volunteers of the Russian studies at the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń. The project was finished by a show at the „Horyzont” Film Club in Gdańsk (the Russian Cultural Centre).
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EN
This article is devoted to the translation of the film “Sara” done using the voice-over technique and subtitles. The analysed film is one of the Polish classic film productions of the ‘90s. The peculiar character of film dialogues requires that the translator adopts translation techniques which do not conform with technical requirements for selected techniques that are applied in audio-visual translation. The viewer needs to have additional competences including the knowledge of linguistic norms, cinematographic traditions, customs, etc., in order to get a proper understanding of a specific scene.
EN
The audiovisual text constitutes an inherent and obvious whole, the components of which, being linked to each other and entering into different types of relations and interactions, contribute to the construction of its meaning. This article presents a study of cases where visual information influences decisions made by the translator and ultimately sometimes changes the translation of dubbed dialogues. In the analysis, the following examples are distinguished:– those in which, under the influence of the image, the translator modifies the source text (compared to the original version) by adapting it to the visual contents of the audiovisual document, or by adding information to the target text;– one in which, under the influence of the image, both the author of the original version and the translator modify one of the elements of a given idiomatic expression.In this regard, contemporary computer-animated films (such as « Shrek 2 », « Madagascar » and « Monsters, Inc. »), aimed at all types of audiences and translated for dubbing, where the visual component plays a prominent role, represent interesting cases.
EN
Film translation is often referred to as a “necessary evil”. This is because the translated lines tend to be simplified in the process of audiovisual translation. It is estimated that the dialogue in a film translation might be shortened by up to 30–40% compared to the original text. However, it should be borne in mind that film dialogues are an integral part of the film’s image and serve not only an informative but also a poetic function. Thus, when translating the characters’ statements, one should consider not only the semantic aspect but also the stylistic elements used in the material, particularly repetitions, contrasting juxtapositions of foreground and background dialogues, and references to musical works. The article presents the conclusions of the author’s research based on five translation variants of the film Cold War into Russian.
EN
Text translation in films, contrary to frequently quoted opinions, did not start with the introduction of sound in films – which occurred in Poland in the 1929/30 cinema season. Prior to that, in the silent cinema period, title cards were a tried and tested way of delivering content to the viewer. And these silent movies’ intertitles were translated. Copies of various foreign films with Polish title cards have even been preserved instead of with the original wording. Imitating title cards for silent films, subtitles began to appear in films with sound and dialogue. These were “inserted subtitles” – between scene edits. The next way of presenting a subtitle was the in-image subtitle, which began modern film subtitling. This article concerns the subtitling of films in Poland in 1931–1939. It endeavours to show the development of Polish film text translation in its initial phase. The article contains previously unpublished pictures of subtitles for films from the discussed period, which come from original archival research.
EN
The article is an attempt at systematizing methods used in film translation of swearwords / (vulgarisms) from English into Polish. The methods presented in the study were arrived at through extensive research, which aimed at describing translation practices in the age of linguistic and sociolinguistic changes involving the increase in the frequency of usage of swearwords not only in every-day communication but also in film. The article presents quantitative research concerning the changes in the frequency of using vulgarisms in communication in Polish and English. The results constitute the basis for considering whether the changes a given language is undergoing can influence the translator’s decisions with regard to vulgarisms.
PL
Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą usystematyzowania metod stosowanych w filmowym tłumaczeniu wulgaryzmów z języka angielskiego na język polski. Przedstawione metody zostały wyodrębnione w toku szeroko zakrojonego badania, którego celem był opis praktyk translatorskich w dobie przemian językowych i socjolingwistycznych związanych ze wzrostem częstotliwości stosowania jednostek nacechowanych wulgarnie nie tylko w codziennej komunikacji, ale również w filmie. W poniższym artykule zaprezentowano badania statystyczne dotyczące przemian w zakresie częstotliwości występowania wulgaryzmów w komunikacji w języku polskim i angielskim, ponieważ stanowią one podstawę do rozważań na tym, czy zmiany w języku wpływają na decyzje translatorskie w przypadku przekładu wulgaryzmów.
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