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EN
The main aim of this article is to analyze the efficiency of limitation interest regulation with particular reference to foreign currency loans. The article contains considering on consumer rights in this area. The paper is comparing models of limiting interest appearing in other European countries and in the world, as well as characterize of the phenomenon of limiting the usury were described. The article is aimed at an evaluation whether accepted regulations in the sufficing way are protecting the consumer, showing possible problems and other solutions which will enhance the position of the consumer on the market of financial services.
EN
This article is devoted to the verification of the following seven popular opinions on the foreign currency loans in Poland: (I) banks create money out of nothing; (II) the banks that were granting foreign currency loans did not actually possess the foreign currencies; (III) the banks possessed foreign currencies, but only for the loans denominated in foreign currencies, and not for the ones indexed in them; (IV) the banks that were granting foreign currency loans made a profit on the appreciation of these currencies; (V) a conversion of foreign currency loans at the exchange rate from the day of granting the loan would not entail high costs for the banking sector; (VI) it was unjustified to use the foreign exchange spreads by the banks that were granting the foreign currency loans; (VII) the foreign exchange spreads used by the banks were excessive, which means that the banks obtained an undue profit on them. The author critically evaluates these opinions and on the basis of current economic and financial knowledge, concludes that they are wrong.
EN
The background of this study is related to the loss of confidence in the financial sector after the economic crisis which began in 2008. In Central and Eastern European countries a specific aspect of this issue was identified, namely: the loss of confidence in foreign currency loans, considered an exotic bank product. Beside the political aspects of this topic the social responsibility of banks’ marketing and advertising should also be considered at two important stakeholders categories: consumers and regulatory bodies. This study is guided by the following research question: how were the Swiss franc foreign currency loans introduced in the Hungarian and the Romanian market? In this paper the exploratory phase of the research is presented. The general economic situation in the recession and the specific marketing and advertising expense in this period led to a better understanding of the situation. In the case of two developing countries, Hungary’s and Romania’s banking sector are presented with a focus on the exotic product such as the foreign currency loan. The results emphasized the key factors of successful and less successful country cases.
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