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1

Ochrona własności intelektualnej w obszarze komunikacji wizualnej

100%

Ścibiorska-Kowalczyk I., Kowalczyk J.

Ekonomia XXI Wieku

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2014

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issue 2(2)

93-105

EN

The purpose of this article is to present specific problems related to the violation of intellectual property in the field of visual communication and an attempt to identify more effective ways to protect it. Legal protection works in the area of visual communication do not guarantee respect for intellectual property. Jurisprudence encounters problems at the core of which is the discretionary nature of the assessment of the originality of artistic works. The article presents case studies that illustrate this state very clearly. Many artists do not enter a legal challenge in the case of plagiarism of their projects because of the uncertain effect of the procedure and troublesome and sometimes even expensive process. In case of violation of someone else’s intellectual property rights in respect of the works belonging to the area of visual communication the attitude of the designer is essential. Very important are also circumstances in which there is a breach of intellectual property. The analysis of these circumstances can be a starting point to searching for effective ways to prevent the infringement of intellectual property, with particular emphasis on the indication of the illusory benefits of this practice, obtained in such a specific field as visual communication. Possible courses of action in order to reduce the practice of intellectual property violations were proposed. The analysis of these measures is based on the concept of searching for the maximum benefit that can be achieved in co-operation of the designer with the customer. The analyses of individual situations lead to a conclusion that the designer has a maximum benefit when he fully realizes the original design, created as a result of a reasonably long and conducted with due diligence and thoroughness of the design process. Accordingly, strong emotional involvement in the project also creates a unique opportunity for artistic effect. Such a project, entitles the creator to a sufficiently high salary and provides him with an opportunity to promote and achieve further attractive orders. The customer has a maximum benefit in a situation when he receives a unique design, valuable in terms of art, that gives rise to the effective marketing activities. In the high-potential project the opportunities of reimbursement for the costs should be sought. The sphere of visual communication enters a period of formation of the patterns of behavior, including ethical ones. In an era of increasing competition not only the talent and artistic competence of the designer begins to count, but also the model of design process preferred by him and an opinion about him in the environment. It is also the place to assess the ethical behavior of designers and include it into the evaluation process of their selection by the customer. The attitude of the designer is of vital importance to the avoidance of a violation of intellectual property of somebody else. Equally important is the correct relationship between

2

Ten „zły” Berman? Słowo o książce Piotra Rypsona

89%

Więcek-Gigla A.

Śląskie Studia Polonistyczne

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2019

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vol. 13

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issue 1

179-188

EN

he text discusses a monograph by Piotr Rypson about Mieczysław Berman. When we consider Czerwony monter [The Red Assembler], however, we need to refer to a concept that is closely akin, namely, Andrzej Leder’s take on revolution. What is underscored here is Berman’s composite photographs since, as the author of this discussion believes and expands upon in her text – they depict most accurately the times of the photo designer’s life. He is considered the creator of the communist propaganda’s graphical language. And that is probably why a considerable period has had to elapse before he became again considered “worthy” of the scholarly interest. It seems, in this day and age, important to reconsider the works of this world-renown “assembler” of red propaganda, merely in order to trace the remnants of his style in the graphic-design culture of today.

3

Ten „zły” Berman? Słowo o książce Piotra Rypsona

89%

Więcek-Gigla A.

Śląskie Studia Polonistyczne

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2019

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vol. 13

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issue 1

179-188

EN

The text discusses a monograph by Piotr Rypson about Mieczysław Berman. When we consider Czerwony monter [The Red Assembler], however, we need to refer to a concept that is closely akin, namely, Andrzej Leder’s take on revolution. What is underscored here is Berman’s composite photographs since, as the author of this discussion believes and expands upon in her text – they depict most accurately the times of the photo designer’s life. He is considered the creator of the communist propaganda’s graphical language. And that is probably why a considerable period has had to elapse before he became again considered “worthy” of the scholarly interest. It seems, in this day and age, important to reconsider the works of this world-renown “assembler” of red propaganda, merely in order to trace the remnants of his style in the graphic-design culture of today.

4

Obraz jako argument w humanistyce

88%

Starakiewicz M.

Zagadnienia Rodzajów Literackich

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2017

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vol. 60

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issue 3 (123)

67-81

EN

Popular belief about contemporary visual culture says that it is a space of either disinformation or communication chaos. Many humanities scholars are very critical about so called pictorial turn in culture, although the use of this term in this context is actually inappropriate, as pictorial turn was originally used to name the birth of visual studies as a separate academic field. The paper studies some other common misunderstandings about using images in scholarly communication and teaching and also presents some basic ideas how those may be overcome. The article presents the graphic designer's point of view, which seems to be supplementary, but in fact is needful in rapidly changing humanities.

5

Anniversary Emblem & Logotype Designs

88%

Okur Ç.

Journal of Education Culture and Society

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2015

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vol. 6

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issue 2

285-295

EN

Corporate anniversaries are mostly used as a promotional event to increase the value of corporate identity of firms, business enterprises or their brands. They are also used to create investment trust or strengthen the relations between, employees and customers. What makes corporate anniversaries meaningful is the importance of their moral value of continuity. Signs that are designed to identify these moral values and indicate the anniversaries can be defined as “anniversary emblems.” The design and uniqueness of these emblems are important in the means of being remarkable and memorable. Thus creative and unique results can be achieved by converting the numbers of anniversaries into expressive signs. This article focuses on existing design approaches and examples of anniversary emblem designs.

6

Okładki polskich wydań utworów Jane Austen po 1989 roku

75%

Koziołkiewicz E.

Przegląd Humanistyczny

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2019

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vol. 63(2 (465))

91-104

PL

The graphic designs proposed by Polish publishers cannot be compared neither in number, nor in diversity to those presented by Margaret C. Sullivan in Jane Austen Cover to Cover: 200 Years of Classic Book Covers. Nevertheless, they are a valuable and still undiscussed source of knowledge on the Polish reception of Austen’s novels. Further information on this subject is provided in the first part of the paper by a compilation of book series in which some or all of the texts by Austen have appeared since the 1990s. The analysis of the book covers takes into consideration the relation between the design and the content of the narrative as well as the character of the artwork and its origin. The most popular were 19th century paintings (portraits, genre scenes, less frequently landscapes), film stills from the movie adaptations and floral patterns. As one of the aims of the study was to answer the question how the covers direct the reading process and place the text in the literary tradition, the remarks on the publishers’ choices were supplemented with the readers’ reviews. In the conclusion, it was suggested how the potential, new editions could be designed to stand out from the former ones.

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„Український” дизайн „Українського Календаря” як візуалізація національної ідентичності українців Польщі

63%

Kosiw W.

Studia Ucrainica Varsoviensia

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2016

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vol. 4

393-411

PL

The article deals with the graphic design of the “Ukrainian Calendar” – an annual publication that was issued by the Ukrainian community in Poland in the period 1957–1988. Different communication and stylistic constructions were designed to represent national identity in a number of ways. Folk art patterns would illustrate a rich tradition, adding a ‘peasant’ connotation at the same time. Traditional costumes from Central Ukraine, Cossack in particular, would communicate the idea of national unity. Graphic quotations from manuscripts and early printed books as well as historical forms of the Cyrillic alphabet would describe Ukraine’s great history and cultural development through the centuries. Motifs from Kyiv Rus and Cossack art would remind viewers of the tradition of state-building. Concerning the overall style of the publication, there were symmetrically balanced and pattern-decorated layouts as well as the dynamic positioning of stylized elements. Several issues of the Calendar demonstrate attempts to modernize the national image. With ‘op-art’, ‘pop-art’ and ‘international style’ designs they shape Ukrainian identity as being contemporary and global. Generally, the publication illustrates the tensions between the traditional and modern; it is also a ‘hybrid’ between Diaspora and Soviet periodicals of the time.

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Konceptualna ilustracja naukowa Fritza Kahna

63%

Leszkowicz M.

Biuletyn Historii Wychowania

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2021

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issue 44

141-158

EN

The paper outlines the origin, development, applications, and impact of conceptual scientific illustration, developed in the early 20th century by Fritz Kahn, a German gynecologist, publisher and popularizer of science. These illustrations explains how things work via concepts, metaphors and illusion. This is in contrast to the descriptive anatomical and natural illustrations of 19th-century paintings which show what things look like. The article presents the systematics of the main types of illustrations by F. Kahn and reflects on reception thereof.

9

Główne idee polskiej typografii funkcjonalnej lat 20. XX wieku na wybranych przykładach

51%

Krasińska B.

Toruńskie Studia Bibliologiczne

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2016

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vol. 9

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issue 2(17)

9-29

PL

Lata 20. XX w. na świecie to czas, kiedy rodzi się potrzeba stworzenia nowych założeń projektowania graficznego. Futurystyczna literatura i poezja wymuszają konieczność wykształcenia nowego układu typograficznego. Utylitaryzm sztuki, „logika maszyn”, funkcjonalizm, dialog między sztuką a współczesnością, standaryzacja czy mechanizacja – to hasła, wokół których prowadzona jest międzynarodowa dyskusja. W Rosji do głosu dochodzą przedstawiciele konstruktywizmu i suprematyzmu, w Niemczech rozwijana jest teoria Bauhausu i nowej typografii. Myśli te trafiają na podatny grunt w Polsce, gdzie koncepcja unizmu, „laboratoryjnej czystości” w zakresie artystycznych eksperymentów, a także typografii funkcjonalnej są jednymi z głównych założeń sztuki użytkowej, w tym plakatu. Lata 20. XX w. to także czas, kiedy dochodzi do krytyki nacjonalistycznych tendencji w sztuce, a ideałem człowieka staje się inżynier, który sam tworzy i dla którego tworzona jest sztuka. W Polsce myśli te żywo rozwijane są w środowisku osób skupionych wokół takich nazwisk, jak: Henryk Berlewi, Władysław Strzemiński czy Mieczysław Szczuka. To ich projekty typograficzne (m.in. Szósta, szósta z 1926 r. Strzemińskiego, okładka almanachu „Albatros” z 1923 r., plakaty: Czy czytałeś już ostatni numer miesięcznika „Droga” z 1922/1924 r., Mały grajek z 1924 r., plakat wystawy w salonie automobilowym Austro – Daimler z 1924 r. Berlewiego, plakat do sztuki Hamlet z 1925 r. i sztuki Amnestji dla więźniów politycznych z 1926 r. Szczuki) stają się przykładem oraz wzorem plastycznym do naśladowania przez ówcześnie projektujących. Przedmiotem badań prezentowanych w niniejszym tekście jest poznanie wiodących nazwisk w dziedzinie polskiej typografii funkcjonalnej lat 20. XX w., a także ich poglądów oraz teorii na temat projektowania graficznego. Celem zaś artykułu jest zaprezentowanie wybranych projektów typograficznych, które w bogatej literaturze przedmiotu są pomijane (np. twórczość Mieczysława Szczuki) lub zastępowane innymi dziełami, a często stanowią doskonały przykład ilustrujący zasady i reguły projektowania w ówczesnym duchu nowej typografii.

EN

The 20s of the 20th century brought the need for a new graphic style and design. Futuristic literature and poetry made it necessary to create a new typographic layout. Utilitarianism art, “machine logic”, functionalism, a dialogue between art and the present, standardization and mechanization were topics discussed internationally. In Russia constructivism and suprematism were strongly represented, in Germany a new theory of the Bauhaus was created along with new typography. These theories found a fertile ground in Poland, where the concept of unison, “analytical purity” in terms of artistic experimentation, as well as functional typography were among the main goals of graphic design, including poster design. The 20s were also a time when nationalist tendencies in art were criticized, the ideal man was portrayed as an engineer who creates by himself and for whom art is created. In Poland these ideas were developed in circles gathered around such people as Henry Berlewi, Władysław Strzemiński or Mieczysław Szczuka. It was their typographic design that was setting an example and was a plastic model to be followed by designing in the spirit of “modernity” (see Sixth, the sixth «Buchumschlag» 1926 of Strzemiński, the “Albatros” almanac cover from 1923, posters: Have you read the latest issue of the “Road” monthly from 1922/1924, The little musician from 1924, a poster for the Automobile Austro – Daimler exhibition from 1924 by Berlewi, a poster for Hamlet from 1925, and Amnesty for political prisoners from 1926 by Szczuka). This paper presents some of the most prominent personalities of Polish functional typography of the 20s. It outlines their views and theories to present selected typographical projects neglected or overlooked by otherwise rich literature on the subject (e.g. Mieczysław Szczuka’s works). These are excellent examples of principles and rules of design in the spirit of typography of that time.

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Przestrzeń danych: między projektowaniem informacji a manipulacją. Analiza specyfiki przekazów infograficznych na przykładzie portalu Visualizing Palestine

51%

Maj A.

Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia de Cultura

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2017

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issue 9(4)

39-52

PL

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie problematyki wizualizacji danych w kontekście komunikacyjnym. Infografika staje się dziś za sprawą dziennikarstwa danych i popularności mediów wizualnych narzędziem powszechnie stosowanym; nie do końca rozpoznane są jednak właściwości manipulacyjne projektowania graficznego, które przedstawiane jest odbiorcom jako ilustrujące, tłumaczące i wyjaśniające treści statystyczne oraz tekstowe w sposób systemowy, uporządkowany i wizualny, co konotuje prostotę i uniwersalność oraz obiektywizm. Autorka stara się wykazać, jak idealistyczne teorie z zakresu projektowania informacji rzutują na proces nadawczo-odbiorczy (z jednej strony dając przestrzeń na manipulację danymi, z drugiej – tworząc idealny obraz projektanta jako strażnika obiektywizmu i posiadacza kompetencji interpretatora, wyzwalają tym samym bezbronność odbiorców w dekodowaniu języka wizualizacji danych i pozbawiają ich czujności, należnej przekazom perswazyjnym). Tymczasem, przekaz graficzny ma charakter nie tylko edukacyjny, ale też często polityczny czy szerzej – ideologiczny. Analiza przekazów graficznych zamieszczonych w portalu Visualizing Palestine (wybranego ze względu na globalny zasięg i popularność, polaryzację polityczną odbiorców oraz nowatorski, partycypacyjny i społecznościowy charakter procesu projektowego), służy tu przedstawieniu technik wizualizacji jako interpretacji i manipulacji danymi, a także potwierdza moc dyskursywną infografiki jako narzędzi komunikacyjnych. Artykuł ma na celu zwrócenie uwagi na problem powszechnego braku kompetencji w zakresie dekodowania znaczeń zawartych w wizualizacjach danych (datavis) oraz celowej (lub nie) nonszalancji projektantów w kwestii podejścia do danych.

EN

The goal of the paper is to present the issues concerning data visualisation in communication context. Infographics nowadays becomes – due to data journalism and popularity of visual media – a commonly used tool; but still little recognition is given towards manipulatory features of graphic design which is presented to its recipients as illustrating, translating and explaining statistical and textual content in systemic, ordered and visual way that connotes simplicity, universality and objectivity. The author tries to prove that idealistic information design theories impact the communication process (on one hand giving the space for data manipulation, on the other – creating an ideal image of a designer seen as a guard of objectivism and an owner of an interpreter’s competences, thus they evoke recipients’ vulnerability in decoding the language of data visualisation and deprive them of awareness, which they should devote to persuasive messages). Whereas graphic message is not only of an educational nature but also often of a political or – widely speaking – an ideological one. The goal of the analysis of infographics published at the Visualizing Palestine website (chosen for its global range and popularity, as well as for the political polarisation of its recipients and for innovative, participative and grassroot character of the design process) is to indicate the technics of visualisation as interpretation and also data manipulation, as well as to prove the discoursive potential of infographics as a communication tool. The paper aims at drawing attention to the common lack of competences in the range of decoding meanings of datavis and the nonchalance (whether conscious or not) of designers in their usage of data.

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Londyńskie archiwum artysty emigracyjnego Jerzego Hima – omówienie zawartości oraz potencjału badawczego zbioru

51%

Kaczorowski J.

Z Badań nad Książką i Księgozbiorami Historycznymi

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2017

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vol. Polonika w zbiorach obcych, tom specjalny

459-468

EN

Jerzy Him (1900-1986; later known as George Him) was a Jewish artist born in Łódź. In 1933, with his friend Jan Lewitt he founded a design studio in Warsaw (Atelier Lewitt- -Him). In 1937 artists moved their company to the United Kingdom and settled in London. Him left impressive collection of his artistic projects and personal documents. The Archive contains his correspondence, diaries, address books, financial records, passports, photos and variety of his artistic works: sketches, proofs, original artworks and even artistic tools. These belongings are records of his social life and whole artistic career from 1920s to 1986 when he died. The Archive, initially kept by Him’s widow, after her death was deposited in the Archive of Art and Design in Victoria and Albert Museum in London. This paper is about history and content of G. Him’s Archive. Its variety of documents and artworks might have some potential uses for researchers interested in art history, children books and Polish-Jewish émigré society in Great Britain in the 20th century.

PL

Jerzy Him (1900-1986; znany również jako George Him) był urodzonym w Łodzi artystą żydowskiego pochodzenia. W 1933 r. wraz z Janem Lewittem założył studio (Atelier Lewitt-Him) specjalizujące się w grafice użytkowej i ilustracji książkowej. W 1937 r. twórcy przenieśli swoją działalność do Londynu. Artysta pozostawił po sobie obszerne archiwum dzieł i różnorodnych dokumentów osobistych oraz zawodowych. Zawiera ono m.in. korespondencję, dzienniki, księgi adresowe, dokumenty finansowe i administracyjne oraz bogatą kolekcję prac artysty: szkiców, odbitek próbnych, reprodukcji fotograficznych oraz oryginalnych projektów. Materiały wchodzące w skład kolekcji stanowią zapis życia prywatnego i kariery artystycznej J. Hima od lat 20. do 1986 r. Zbiorem początkowo opiekowała się wdowa po artyście. Po jej śmierci spadkobiercy zdecydowali się przekazać zbiór do londyńskiego Archiwum Sztuki i Rzemiosł Artystycznych, działającego przy Muzeum Wiktorii i Alberta w Londynie. Archiwalia te mogą być przydatne w badaniach nad historią sztuki XX w., książką dziecięcą czy polsko-żydowską emigracją w Wielkiej Brytanii.

12

Theatre graphics and graphic theatre : Zich's semantics in posters and publicity

51%

Maryška M.

Theatralia: Revue současného myšlení o divadelní kultuře (Theatralia: The revue of contemporary thought on theatre culture)

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2020

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vol. 23

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issue 1

105-129

EN

The essay employs the concept of the 'semantic image' as articulated by Czech aesthetician Otakar Zich in his book The Aesthetics of Dramatic Art in order to outline how theatre publicity relates to theatre production and performance. Theatre graphics, posters, and other promotional materials contain images that substitute or compensate for what is not to be seen and heard onstage in form of 'technical images'; thus, these graphics condition the 'representational images' of dramatic locations.1 Publicity images can be also used to manipulate imagery associations related to actors as well as dramatic characters in order to facilitate their desired reception. This article focuses on the posters produced for Prague's National Theatre opera production of Tramvestie (2019) and two stagings of Peter Shaffer's Equus (1973, 2007) along with Alphonse Mucha's posters for Sarah Bernhardt.

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Ochrona własności intelektualnej w obszarze komunikacji wizualnej

Ten „zły” Berman? Słowo o książce Piotra Rypsona

Ten „zły” Berman? Słowo o książce Piotra Rypsona

Obraz jako argument w humanistyce

Anniversary Emblem & Logotype Designs

Okładki polskich wydań utworów Jane Austen po 1989 roku

„Український” дизайн „Українського Календаря” як візуалізація національної ідентичності українців Польщі

Konceptualna ilustracja naukowa Fritza Kahna

Główne idee polskiej typografii funkcjonalnej lat 20. XX wieku na wybranych przykładach

Przestrzeń danych: między projektowaniem informacji a manipulacją. Analiza specyfiki przekazów infograficznych na przykładzie portalu Visualizing Palestine

Londyńskie archiwum artysty emigracyjnego Jerzego Hima – omówienie zawartości oraz potencjału badawczego zbioru

Theatre graphics and graphic theatre : Zich's semantics in posters and publicity