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Semantic Deflationism, Public Language Meaning, and Contextual Standards of Correctness

100%
Posłajko K.
Studia Semiotyczne
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2017
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vol. 31
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issue 1
45–66
EN
The paper aims at providing an argument for a deflationary treatment of the notion of public language meaning. The argument is based on the notion of standards of correctness; I will try to show that as correctness assessments are context-involving, the notion of public language meaning cannot be treated as an explanatory one. An elaboration of the argument, using the notion of ground is provided. Finally, I will consider some limitations of the reasoning presented.
2
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Prolínání mentálních prostorů v diskurzu a komunikační model: Nominální grounding v češtině, angličtině a španělštině

89%
Kratochvílová D.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2022
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vol. 104
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issue 2
194-207
EN
This paper presents an integration of mental spaces theory and the notion of grounding. The aim is to present a communication model based on the idea of blending of mental spaces that can be used to analyse an ongoing discourse and represent the functions of grounding elements in speaker — hearer interaction. The objective is to emphasise the intersubjective and dynamic nature of human communication and to integrate grammar and discourse analysis within one universal representation. Consequently, the proposed model is used to analyse nominal grounding in authentic texts with variants in English, Spanish and Czech, thus representing the Germanic, Romance and Slavonic families. The communication model is presented as a polyfunctional tool for an abstract representation of communication in general, for an in-depth analysis of grounding in a concrete text and for a contrastive study involving various languages.
3
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Grounding and Logical Basing Permissions

88%
Tajer D.
Diametros
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2016
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issue 50
81-96
EN
The relation between logic and rationality has recently re-emerged as an important topic of discussion. Following the ideas of Broome [1999] and MacFarlane [2004], the debate focused on providing rational requirements, which work as bridges between logic and epistemic norms. However, as Broome [2014] and Way [2011] observed, the usual requirements cannot capture some important aspects of rationality, such as how one can rationally believe something on the basis of believing something else. Broome [2014] proposed a few additional principles (“basing permissions”) for this purpose. In this paper I develop a more systematic family of basing permissions using the recent notion of grounding (Fine [2012], Correia [2014]). In particular, I claim that if Γ (logically) grounds A, and you believe Γ, then rationality permits you to believe A on the basis of believing Γ.
4
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Abstract Objects in a Metaphysical Perspective

75%
Kulieshov A.
Path of Science
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2018
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vol. 4
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issue 2
2001-2006
EN
The article presents an unconventional although not absolutely unprecedented view on abstract objects defending the position of metaphysical realism. It is argued that abstract objects taken in purely ontological sense are the forms of objects. The forms possess some common characteristics of abstract objects, they can exist not in physical space and time and play a grounding role in their relation to concrete objects. It is stated that commonly discussed abstract objects – properties, kinds, mathematical objects – are forms.
5
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Simplicity and Complexity in Metaphysics

75%
Kulieshov A.
Path of Science
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2018
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vol. 4
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issue 6
3001-3006
EN
The article deals with the problem of simple and complex objects in metaphysical research. It is stated that the ultimate simplification of reality theoretical models follows from the nature of metaphysical knowledge. The modern metaphysical conceptions of fundamental simplicity and fundamental complexity of existing objects are discussed. They are the conceptions of full and distributional monism, mereological nihilism, and the traditional binary or binary-based models of the foundations of reality, ascending to Aristotle. The paper shows that these conceptions and ideas do not simplify reality as much as possible. The problematic and ambiguous nature of the conceptions considered is that all complicating factors are not excluded in them. This leads to a situation where further grounding of the entities that are accepted as the simplest ones is required. The state of the full simplification in metaphysics is defined. It is argued that ultimate simplification requires the exclusion of qualitative multiplicity and quantitative definiteness, the exclusion of the distinction between substance and its qualities, between the entity and the law, the relation or condition which ground it. The entity identified in the process of ultimate simplification must be quantitatively indefinite, identical to its quality and substratum, indistinguishable from the law, the condition or the relationship of its grounding. Such an entity can be the starting point for the construction of a metaphysical model of the world as a consistent complication of entities.
6
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An Explanatory Framework for Legal Grounding

63%
Janik B.
Archiwum Filozofii Prawa i Filozofii Społecznej
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2023
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vol. 35
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issue 2
34-42
PL
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie modelu eksplanacyjnego dla ugruntowania w prawie. Ugruntowanie, rozumiane w ostatnich latach jako metafizyczna determinacja, okazało się być dość owocnym przedmiotem dociekań teoretyków prawa, próbujących eksplikować w kategoriach metafizycznych tezę o relacji między faktami społecznymi a faktami prawnymi. Jednakże w debacie dotyczącej wykorzystania pojęcia ugruntowania w filozofii prawa brakuje namysłu nad różnymi założeniami leżącymi u podstaw możliwości wykorzystania tego pojęcia związanego z debatą dotyczącą ugruntowania która odbywa się we współczesnej filozofii. Niniejszy artykuł oferuje nową perspektywę analizy debaty na temat ugruntowania faktów prawnych oraz interpretację centralnych dla tej debaty terminów w świetle najnowszych debat metafizycznych.
EN
The objective of this article is to provide an explanatory framework for legal grounding. Grounding, understood in recent years as a metaphysical determination, has proved to be a fruitful object of inquiry for legal theorists trying to explain the thesis about the relationship between social facts and legal facts in metaphysical terms. However, the debate on the use of the notion of grounding in the philosophy of law lacks a concise and precise differentiation of the various assumptions behind grounding that philosophers have recently discussed. This article offers a prospect for analysis of a debate about grounding of legal facts and an interpretation of focal terms in light of recent metaphysical debates.
7
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Evidentiality in Czech and Spanish: a contrastive cognitively-based study of the reportative particles prý and dizque

62%
Kratochvílová D.
Naše řeč (Our Speech)
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2023
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vol. 106
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issue 1
7-23
EN
The paper presents a contrastive Czech–Spanish study concentrating on reportative markers. Methodologically, it is based on the cognitive theories of mental spaces and grounding, with the primary focus on the Spanish counterparts of the Czech prý, and the secondary focus on the Czech counterparts of the Spanish dizque. The analysis is conducted using the parallel corpus InterCorp and presents evidentiality as a complex category, which is closely related to tense and evaluative modality. The translation respondents of prý and dizque in both languages display significant variability. The corpus data reveal that notions attributed to them are expressed in a complex way in the other language, pointing out that grammatical and lexical elements such as sequence of tenses and diminutive suffixes can convey notions similar to those conveyed by adverbial hearsay markers or verba dicendi.
CS
Článek se zaměřuje na kontrastivní česko-španělskou analýzu reportativních částic. Metodologicky vychází z kognitivních teorií mentálních prostorů a groundingu, přičemž pozornost je zaměřena primárně na španělské protějšky českého prý, ve druhém plánu také na české protějšky španělského dizque. Analýzy vycházejí z jazykového materiálu pocházejícího z korpusu InterCorp a prezentují evidencialitu jakožto komplexní kategorii, která je blízce spjatá s kategoriemi času a evaluativní modality. Překladatelské protějšky prý a dizque vykazují v obou jazycích velkou variabilitu, přičemž data z korpusu dokazují, že významy, které v sobě tyto částice zahrnují, jsou v druhém jazyce často vyjádřeny komplexním způsobem. Časová souslednost nebo deminutivní sufixy v některých kontextech vyjadřují podobné významové odstíny, jaké přisuzujeme adverbiálním částicím označujícím externí zdroj informace nebo slovesům mluvení.
8
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O fundamentach dla metafizycznego fundowania

51%
Lenart K.
Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne
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2019
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vol. 45
5-24
PL
W artykule bronię twierdzenia o meta-fundowaniu, zgodnie z którym fakty wyrażające metafizyczne fundowanie są również ufundowane (niefundamentalne). Wpierw uzasadniam słuszność przyjęcia tezy o meta-fundowaniu. Następnie poddaję dyskusji dwie teorie wyjaśniające ufundowanie metafizycznego fundowania: teorię wykorzystującą pojęcię superwewnętrznej relacji oraz teorię wykorzystującą pojęcie esencji faktów. Argumentuję, że drugie rozwiązanie posiada istotne zalety względem pierwszego.
EN
In this article I defend a meta-grounding thesis according to which facts that express metaphysical grounding are grounded (are not fundamental). First, I claim that it is justified to accept the meta-grounding thesis. In the next step I discuss two theories that explain how metaphysical grounding is grounded: a theory that involves a notion of superinternal relation and a theory that uses a notion of essences of facts. I argue that later theory is preferable over the former one.
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