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1

Alternatywizm, dysjunktywizm i pluralizm doświadczeniowy

100%

Zięba P. J.

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2018

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vol. 17

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issue 1

EN

The claim currently known as “disjunctivism” is usually interpreted in terms of exclusive disjunction. However, it can be also explicated through the lens of alternative denial. The aim of this paper is to show that the latterinterpretation is more accurate. Firstly, it reflects the core of disjunctivism more precisely. Secondly, it reduces metaphysical weight of the claim, thereby making it more plausible.

2

How Much Do We Learn about Hallucinations from Thought-Experiments?

88%

Szelegieniec J. H., University J.

Internetowy Magazyn Filozoficzny Hybris

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2015

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vol. 30

EN

The idea that our sensory experience cannot serve as a ground for knowledge lingers on within philosophical thinking from its very beginning. Since even the ancient sceptics argued against the possibility of knowledge based on sense perception due to its potentially illusory or hallucinatory character, it seems reasonable to address the issue of hallucination itself. The purpose of this paper is to discuss upon the philosophical account of hallucination present in current debates. I will mainly work on the so-called ‘argument from hallucination’ which provides a prevalent objection both against the direct realism theory of perception, and externalist theories of content of experience. My primary intention will be to single out the ontological claims concerning hallucinatory experience that constitute the core of the argument from hallucination. Moreover, the legitimacy of philosophical theses concerning hallucination will be discussed both by means of philosophical analysis, and in the light of chosen empirical findings.

3

THERE CANNOT BE GENUINE SENSATION WITHOUT A REAL SENSED THING

75%

Garrigou-Lagrange R., DePauw T.

Studia Gilsoniana

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2015

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vol. 4

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issue 2

165-179

EN

In this essay, Fr. Garrigou-Lagrange refutes Kantian and occasionalist notions of sensation that have been smuggled into Thomism and Catholic thought. He maintains that sensation by its very nature requires an object that is sensed, since sensation without a sensible object is no sensation at all. To defend this position, he draws upon Aristotle, St. Thomas, and the Thomistic Commentators, arguing that the opposite position not only denies the distinctions between hallucination and sensation, bodily vision and imaginary vision, but also ultimately denies that the metaphysical certitude of the first principles of reason are materially resolved in that which is sensed.

4

Visitors from the realm of death

63%

Pypłacz J.

Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae

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2012

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vol. 22

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issue 2

61-73

EN

Ghosts play a very important role in Seneca’s tragedies. They either appear on stage and deliver the prologue or influence events from backstage. Sometimes they suddenly come to haunt living relatives as phantoms or hallucinations. Their influence on the actions of the dramatis personae is considerable and, in most cases, negative or even destructive. Thanks to the fact that Seneca chose to unleash his imagination rather than cling to the technical requirements of the ancient theatre, he could permit himself the luxury of filling his plays with supernatural beings who contribute to the atmosphere of metaphysical awe that makes Seneca’s tragedies so unique and that has become their hallmark.

LA

Constat manes mortuorum in tragoediis antiquis saepe apparuisse. Poetis tragicis Graecis necessarii erant ut fabulam formarent spectatoresque exterrerent. Seneca manibus ad eadem aliaque peragenda utitur, nam quasi omnes eius tragoediae phantasmatibus abundant. Manes prologos dicentes, ut Thyestis umbra in Agamemnone Tantalique in Thyeste non solum historiam Tantalidarum in memoriam revocant, sed etiam, ante omnia, nequitiam suam ut pestilentiam in regia propagant. Non manes igitur, sed spectra infernalia apellandi sunt. Alii manes, ut Achillis umbra in Troadibus Laiique in Oedipo, ex Erebo ad terram adeunt, sed auditoribus invisibiles sunt. Crudeles, implacabiles poenaeque avidissimi, vitam dramatis personarum male influunt. Adventus eorum a nuntiis quasi epico modo narrantur. Nonnumquam dramatis personae in Senecae tragoediis visiones repentinas familiarium mortuorum habent, qui aliis personis invisibiles sunt, ut Laius, cuius spectrum horribile Oedipum in Phoenissis aggredit, Apsyrtusve, qui Medeae se ostendit. Haec malae conscientiae deliramenta sunt. Alii autem manes simpliciter familiares suos, quibus desunt, visitant, ut Deiphobi umbra quam Cassandra in Agamemnone vidit. Simili modo Hectoris umbra Andromachae uxori quasi somnium se ostendit in tragoedia quae Troades inscribitur. Ex his omnibus constat Senecam plus ingenium suum quam conditiones theatri antiqui secutum esse quam ob rem tragoedias suas spectris, phantasmatibus et prodigiis sine ullis obstaculis implevisse. Constat etiam manes mortuorum his in tragoediis magno munere fungi, nam eas unicas aliisque antiquis poematibus tam epicis quam dramaticis dissimiliores reddunt.

5

UNUSUAL EXPERIENCES, UNUSUAL LOGIC: HALLUCINATIONS AND DELUSIONS – A COGNITIVE APPROACH

63%

Kocsis-Bogár K., Kiss Z.

Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)

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2011

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vol. 66

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issue 1

169-183

EN

In this paper we present the cognitive approach to hallucinations and delusions, the main symptoms of psychosis. This view is based on normalising and it focuses on distortions of thought and conclusions in the explanation of symptoms. We also discuss various cognitive behaviour therapy techniques frequently used in psychosis. The effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy in this field has been proved by many controlled studies.

6

Dysjunktywizm i natura percepcyjnej relacji

51%

Zięba P.

Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne

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2016

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vol. 35

87-111

EN

This paper surveys selected (though arguably representative) versions of metaphysicaland epistemological disjunctivism. Although they share a common logicalstructure, it is hard to find a further common denominator among them. Two mainconclusions are: (1) a specific standpoint on the nature of perceptual relation is notsuch a common denominator, which means that it is very unlikely that all of theseviews could be refuted with a single objection; (2) contrary to what its name suggests,disjunctivism can be correctly expressed without the employment of disjunction.

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1 Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne

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