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It is commonly known that the Bible does not contain systematic hamartiology or satanology.Also the Biblical demonology depends on the historical development and the influence of neighbouring countries’ relig-ions.This article’s aim is to analyse the etymology and meaning of the con-cept of satan in the most popular texts directly referring to the figure of Satan (Book of Job 6 and Book of Zechariah 3).The author tried to confront fragments from the Job and Zechariah with the texts that were (re)interpreted satanologically in the intertestamental period and by early Christian theology (Isaiah 14,12-14 and Ezekiel 28,12-15) and also with the narration contained in Genesis 3, which is considered the key text concerning the so-called „fall” of man in the Christian theology. The analysis was completed by references to intertestamental texts.A text that proved particularly helpful in the reconstruction of the aetiology of sin was Adam's Repentance, known under various titles thanks to its copies in various languages, which represents the so-called Adamite tradition in theology (hamartiology). A number of similarities between the syncretic Biblical hamartiology and Adam’s Repentance were shown (among others, the common nature of the first sin committed by Satan and the first sin committed by Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden).
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The article seeks to highlight the problem of the theological complexityof the Book of Zephaniah, that would be intriguing to the general reader,and in which the categorical divine oracle of judgment collides with a stronginvitation to the messianic joy (Ze. 3:14-17). By starting from the border verse(Ze. 3:9), where the oracle of judgment rapidly turns into an oracle of salvation,the author tries to examine the internal dynamics of this theologicalturning point. The main purpose of this analysis is to attempt to understandthe nature of the day of the Lord which, in the book of Zephaniah, turns outto be at the same time the day of judgment and the day of salvation. Basedon the classic Aristotelian doctrine of the four causes, the author puts inorder disparate material on the day of the Lord in the book of Zephaniah andsees in it a number of references to the Jahwistic version of the account ofthe sin concerning the sons of God (Gn. 6:1-4) and the flood (Gn. 6:5-8,22;9.1-17). The article may become a contribution to the understanding of theimpact of the Pentateuchal sources on the prophetic tradition.
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