Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 9

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  helping professions
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
EN
In the Czech Republic, major changes have happened in the field of infant institutional care in connection with amendment to the Act on Social and Legal Protection of Children and the Act on Family in 2013. Efforts to close down institutional facilities for children up to 3 years are in connection to deinstitutionalization, which has become societal philosophy of transformation of institutional care in the last decade. Students of helping professions are educated in modern trends, such as deinstitutionalization, because they should become “holders and implementers” of positive changes based on respect for human rights and freedoms. In connection with that, we focused on opinions on the closing down of infant homes and children’s homes for children up to 3 years among students of nursing fields and social pedagogy. Using the quantitative method of a questionnaire, we obtained responses from 416 respondents. One of the most interesting findings is that only 10 % of students agree with the idea of closing down these institutional facilities. There are also differences based on field of study. Students of social pedagogy on average agree more with this idea than students of nursing fields. This could be based on differences in curriculum.
EN
In social practice, use of supervision becomes a natural part of improving the activities of so-cial workers and professional employees. These include some legislative conditions; supervision prac-tice has a sufficient number of accredited supervisors. So far supervision activity was mainly focused on raising the professional competences of employees of social services and to support the work teams in these entities. Experience, however, also point out the necessity to pay increased attention to the burnout of employees in these entities. The social worker’s activity in the discussed area is characterised by the diversity of clients from of view of their personal, social, health problems, as well as their work load and low salary. The problem of burnout syndrome of social workers and professional staff of public policy institutions so far was not paid attention to. No research have not been carried out, which showed this issue. The contribution is focused, in addition of theoretical contexts, to analyse the impact of supervision process at the prevention of burnout among professionals. The paper is intended to analyse the impact of the supervision process on prevention of the burnout syndrome in helping professions. The results presented have come from the research in which 93 supervisors and 260 professionals from institutions of social services took part. The aim of the research was to identify presence of an analysed theme in the process of supervision and find out what preferred ways of solving them are. A part of the research was diagnosing the burnout syn-drome on concerned helping professionals and identifying the impact of supervision on this threat. The quantitative exploratory method was used in the research mentioned. The results have produced some valuable findings: the burnout syndrome is often a primary as well as secondary theme of su-pervision of helping professionals and supervision is an effective tool of the burnout syndrome pre-vention.
EN
This study summarises the most important results of research focused on coping with load among social workers and teachers. The research was focused on relations among personality variables from the five-factor model of personality (Revised NEO Personality Inventory) and coping strategies from COPE inventory. Fourteen relations among personality dimensions and coping variables and fifty-eight relations among facets and coping variables that met the adopted criteria were found within correlation analysis. Neuroticism, Conscientiousness and their facets N1-N6 and C1-C6 should be placed among rather significant personality variables related to coping strategies selection. The regression analysis results indicated that Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience facets O1-O5 and Neuroticism facets N2, N4-N6 should have been placed among rather significant coping predictors. The research confirmed that personality factors evidently ranked among appreciable determinants of coping strategies selection. Nevertheless, reliable coping prediction based only on personality factors is not possible. The assumption was corroborated that some facets can be better coping predictors than personality dimensions.
EN
In this article, the terms used are discussed. This first is a survey requiring some significant theoretical approaches to the explanation of social control, the normative ideas of social integration, the dialectic of inclusion and exclusion or inclusion and exclusion as well as the social role of helping professions in which the social work – in relation to pedagogy, psychology, law, or medicine –has an increasingly important position. Social control in this article simply is not as a repressive instrument, which can lead to stigmatization and social exclusion, but also as a socially critical approach to the analysis of the functions of social institutions.
EN
Objectives. To examine the psychometric properties of the Slovak version of the 10-item Scale of Perceived Stress (PSS-10, Cohen, Kamarack a Mermelstein, 1983), which is currently one of the most commonly used tools for measuring psychological stress (Lee, 2012). Sample and Setting. 482 employees (47 men, 435 women) of social institutions throughout Slovakia (mean age M = 44.76, SD = 10.25). The respondent completed the Slovak translation of the original English version of the PSS-10 scale, which was created by back-translation. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha), verified questionnaire factor structure (CFA), and constructive (convergent and discriminatory) validity were examined. Statistical analysis. The SPSS 21.0 was used for quantitative data processing, and the Programme R was performed using for CFA. Results. The internal consistency coefficient reached following values: 0.83 (factor 1), 0.77 (factor 2) and 0.87 (for the whole range). The results of CFA confirmed the 2-factor structure of the Slovak version of the scale (RMSEA = 0.062, CFI = 0.94, NFI = 0.917). Due to the high correlation between the two PSS-10 factors, along with the insufficient level of reliability factor 2 and the risk that the negative formulation of the items contributed to the constitution of a standalone factor, the authors tend to use the overall score. Expected evidence for validity, positive correlations between perceived stress and burnout dimensions (Exhaustion, Depersonalization) and Secondary traumatic stress have been observed. On the contrary, significant negative correlations have been demonstrated in the case of Compassion satisfaction and Personal accomplishment. Conclusion. The Perceived Stress Scale PSS-10 has reached satisfactory values of reliability and validity that support its use for the population of helping professionals in the Slovak circumstance. Study limitation. There are certain limits of the research, one of which is the self-reported character of the verified scale and the other one is the fact that the test-retest reliability and the effect of age, length of practice and type of profession has not been studied.
SK
Cieľ. Poskytnúť výsledky pilotného prieskumu psychometrických vlastností slovenskej verzie 10-položkovej škály vnímaného stresu (PSS-10, Cohen, Kamarack, Mermelstein, 1983), ktorá je v súčasnosti jedným z najpoužívanejších nástrojov na meranie psychického stresu (Lee, 2012). Výskumný súbor a metóda. Výskumu sa zúčastnilo 482 pracovníkov (47 mužov, 435 žien) sociálnych zariadení z celého Slovenska (M = 44,76, SD = 10,25). Respondentom bol administrovaný slovenský preklad pôvodnej anglickej verzie škály PSS-10, ktorá bola vytvorená spätným prekladom. Bola preskúmaná vnútorná konzistencia (Cronbachova alfa), overená štruktúra faktorov dotazníka (CFA) a konštruktívna (konvergentná a diskriminačná) validita. Štatistická analýza. Konfirmačná faktorová analýza bola realizovaná v Programe R (vychádzala z matice polychorických korelácií, vypočítaných pomocou metódy DWLS – diagonally weighted least squares). Na ďalšie kvantitatívne spracovanie údajov bol použitý program IBM SPSS Statistics 21. Výsledky. Vnútorný koeficient konzistencie škály dosiahol nasledujúce hodnoty: 0,83 (faktor 1), 0,77 (faktor 2) a 0,87 (pre celú škálu). Výsledky konfirmačnej analýzy podporujú 2-faktorovú štruktúru slovenskej verzie škály (RMSEA = 0,062, CFI = 0,94, NFI = 0,917), avšak vzhľadom k vysokej miere korelácie medzi obidvoma faktormi PSS-10, neuspokojivej úrovni reliability faktora 2 a riziku, že negatívna formulácia položiek prispela ku konštituovaniu samostatného faktora, sa autori prikláňajú k využívaniu skôr celkového hrubého skóre. Očakávané pozitívne korelácie boli potvrdené medzi hodnotami vnímaného stresu a faktormi syndrómu vyhorenia (Emocionálnym vyčerpaním, Depersonalizáciou) a Sekundárnym traumatickým stresom. Naopak významné negatívne korelácie boli preukázané v prípade Zadosťučinenia z pomáhania a Osobného uspokojenia (spokojnosť s osobným výkonom a kompetenciami). Záver. Škála vnímaného stresu PSS-10 dosiahla uspokojivé hodnoty reliability a validity, ktoré podporujú jej využitie v populácii pomáhajúcich profesionálov na Slovensku. Limity štúdie. Jedným z limitov je seba-výpoveďový charakter overovanej škály a ďalším skutočnosť, že test-retestová reliabilita ani efekt dĺžky praxe a profesijného zaradenia neboli skúmané.
EN
Helping professions, professions of public trust are undoubtedly a unique and complex issue due to the importance of the needs and interests of another person – client, beneficiary, pupil or patient – that they fulfill. It seems that a great responsibility is connected with taking some kind of care of – and providing assistance to – an individual who is weaker and thus exposed to far-reaching consequences in the form of double social exclusion in case of improper assistance efforts. The presented article is part of the ongoing, socially important interdisciplinary discussion about the deontology of professional help. The presented analysis of selected codes of ethics provides knowledge about the common features or axiological basics in helping professions, and as a consequence points to the ethical and moral obligations that link the people of public trust in their daily activities.
PL
Helping professions, zawody zaufania publicznego to niewątpliwie materia wyjątkowa i skomplikowana ze względu na doniosłość realizowanych potrzeb i interesów drugiego człowieka – klienta, beneficjenta, ucznia, pacjenta. Wydaje się, iż z ogromną odpowiedzialnością wiąże się objęcie pewnego rodzaju opieką i pomocą podmiotu, który jest słabszy i tym samym narażony na daleko idące konsekwencje w postaci podwójnego wykluczenia społecznego w przypadku podjęcia niewłaściwych działań pomocowych. Prezentowany artykuł wpisuje się w aktualną, społecznie ważną interdyscyplinarną dyskusję o deontologii profesjonalnego pomagania. Przedstawiona analiza wybranych kodeksów etycznych dostarcza wiedzy na temat wspólnych cech czy też podstaw aksjologicznych w zawodach pomocowych, a w konsekwencji wskazuje na obowiązki etyczno-moralne łączące osoby zaufania publicznego w ich codziennych działaniach.
EN
Empathy is considered a vital trait in helping professions such as doctor, psychologist or nurse, while less important in technical professions such as IT specialist. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in empathy level between medical (doctor and nursing), psychology and computer science students. For this purpose, 243 students of psychology, nursing, medicine, and computer science completed an online survey containing a short version of the Empathy Quotient (EQ-Short) questionnaire which measures affective and cognitive empathy. Results showed that psychology, medical and computer science students differed significantly in their level of empathy. Psychology students scored highest, medical majors scored medium, and computer science students scored lowest. On average, women, regardless of the field of study, had a higher empathy trait level than men, which was in line with previous studies regarding gender differences in this trait. Students of helping professions: psychology and medical faculties showed a higher level of empathy than computer science students. Discrepancies in existing data suggest a need for further research regarding differences in empathy levels and its changes in psychology and medical students.
PL
Empatia jest cechą uznawaną za szczególnie istotną w zawodach pomocowych, takich jak lekarz, psycholog czy pielęgniarz, natomiast mniej ważną w zawodach technicznych, jak informatyk. Prezentowane badanie przeprowadzono w celu określenia różnic w poziomie empatii pomiędzy studentami kierunków medycznych (lekarski i pielęgniarski), psychologii i informatyki. W tym celu przebadano 243 studentów psychologii, pielęgniarstwa, medycyny i informatyki z wykorzystaniem ankiety internetowej zawierającej kwestionariusz Skróconej Skali Ilorazu Empatii (SSIE), mierzący empatię afektywną i poznawczą. Uzyskano wyniki świadczące o tym, że studenci psychologii, kierunków medycznych i informatyki różnią się istotnie poziomem empatii. Najwyższe wyniki uzyskano w grupie studentów psychologii, średnie w przypadku kierunków medycznych, natomiast najniższe u studentów informatyki. Ponadto w podziale próby na płeć, bez rozróżnienia na kierunek studiów, kobiety cechowały się średnio wyższym poziomem empatii niż mężczyźni, co potwierdziło dotychczasowe wyniki badań w aspekcie różnic międzypłciowych w zakresie tej cechy. Studenci zawodów pomocowych – psychologii i kierunków medycznych – wykazują wyższy poziom empatii niż studenci informatyki. Ze względu na rozbieżności w wynikach badań sugeruje się dalsze zgłębianie różnic w poziomie empatii i jego zmianach pomiędzy studentami psychologii i kierunków medycznych.
PL
Artykuł omawia proces profesjonalizacji pracy socjalnej w Polsce po 1989 r. Uwzględnione są cztery aspekty profesjonalizacji: (1) instytucjonalny (tworzenie miejsc pracy dla pracowników socjalnych w ramach systemu pomocy społecznej), (2) edukacyjny (budowanie systemu kształcenia do pracy socjalnej), (3) praktyczny (akumulacja doświadczeń praktycznych, zwłaszcza przez podmioty trzeciego sektora), (4) ekspansyjny (wyłanianie się nowych specjalności w pracy socjalnej i nowych zawodów pomocowych). Nurty te nie są zintegrowane i nie tworzą „kultury profesjonalizacji”.
EN
Paper describes process of social work processionalization in Poland after 1989. Four aspects of professionalization are distinguished: institutional (creating job placements for social workers), (2) educational (building system of education for social work), (3) practical-oriented (accumulation of practical experiences, especially in the framework of NGOs), (4) expansion (appearance of new social work specializations and new helping profession). These tensions are not integrated and do not create a ‘culture of professionalization’.
EN
The 20th century European welfare states appeared as the final products of all public activities undertaken to solve the 19th-century social issue. The welfare states’ infrastructure is founded on three main pillars: regulated labour markets, social transfers organized within social security systems and social services provided by specialists representing the variety of helping professions. In the 21st century the main field of social investment are social services and the role of professional helpers as agents of the well-being distribution is raising up. At the same time the framework of professional helping practices is reshaped due to evolution of social policy, changes of needs and expectations of citizens. The direction of ongoing changes is driven by such ideas as community-centred approach, personalization of support, concept of double empowerment (empowering both: social services users and deliverers), work on capabilities, cooperation between specialists representing the variety of helping professions and mutual consideration of competence. A special role in forming the new professionalism of helping practices is to be played by social work due to its special position among helping professions.
PL
XX-wieczne europejskie welfare states powstały jako „produkt” ogółu działań publicznych na rzecz rozwiązania XIX-wiecznej kwestii społecznej. Jednym z trzech filarów infrastruktury państw dobrobytu – obok uregulowanych rynków pracy i zbiorowych stosunków pracy oraz transferów socjalnych w ramach systemu zabezpieczenia społecznego – są social services, rozumiane jako usługi społeczne świadczone przez specjalistów reprezentujących różne zawody pomocowe i profesje społeczne. W XXI w. rola trzeciego filaru dobrobytu społecznego rośnie, a wraz z nim znaczenie zawodowych pomagaczy jako agentów dystrybucji dobrostanu. Zarazem zmieniają się ramy profesjonalnych praktyk pomocowych, co związane jest zarówno z ewolucją polityki społecznej, jak i zmieniającymi się potrzebami społecznymi i oczekiwaniami obywateli. Kierunki tej ewolucji wyznaczają takie idee jak: podejście środowiskowe, personalizacja wsparcia, koncepcja podwójnego upodmiotowienia (usługobiorców i usługodawców), wdrożenie metodyki pracy na potencjałach, współpraca specjalistów z różnych zawodów pomocowych i wzajemne uznawanie kompetencji. Szczególną rolę do odegrania w formowaniu nowego profesjonalizmu praktyk pomocowych ma do odegrania praca socjalna ze względu na jej znaczenie wzorotwórcze w zakresie metodyki pomagania.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.