The article focuses on more than ten questions concerning the titular theme. At the very onset the author noticed that museums, in particular so-called history museums, are for all practical purposes the only institution gathering and on an almost “mass-scale” rendering available a large part of existing sources, thus enabling the researcher to become acquainted with facts and processes from the past and to supplement his knowledge. For this reason, the museums in question are in a better situation than archives and libraries interested chiefly in “written sources”. The primacy of museums in this respect pertains to four types of sources that simultaneously comprise museum exhibits: 1) sources never or only sporadically amassed in libraries and archives, 2) sources important and useful for historians studying select problems (e.g. “small homelands”, the history of local communities, family history, etc.), i.e. information absent in other sources used most often by historians for the purpose of surveys, 3) material culture sources that cannot be found in libraries and archives, and 4) sources serving research dealing with widely comprehended daily life. There are several reasons for these indubitably extensive resources of museums showrooms and storerooms, i.a. first and foremost numerous interpersonal contacts with, e.g. collectors, history lovers, veterans or simply the public - museum visitors. In order to make suitable use of these assets and preserve them for future generations the article presents proposals for the professionalisation and intensification of acquiring, storing, and rendering available valuable albeit, as a rule, insufficiently appreciated historical sources in museums. This process is composed of scientific research conducted in museum institutions as well as contemporary digitization of collections and their suitable display corresponding to the expectations of the public and historians. Just as indispensable for the success of such projects is the professional competence and involvement of the museum staff, an expansion of the base of the social impact of the institutions in question, and the preparation of suitable methods of collaboration with scientific institutions, archives, libraries and individuals (e.g. collectors).
The article briefly presents the latest historical achievements from the University Adam Mickiewicz’s in Poznań which concentrated on the selected issues of polish mediaeval studies. This overview includes the most important scientific texts with the 2001-2014 years, especially research works analyzes rudimentary problems from historical source, politics and the military history of indigenous Middle Ages (X-XV centuries). At the end of considerations indicates that historical papers and dissertations is very important to the reconstruct political and military history during medieval period on polish lands.
The paper is a summary of speeches delivered during the debate held on the Faculty of Humanities at Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń on 14th November 2019. The discussion was anchored in panelists’ recent texts concerning state of art in Polish oral history and its significance in contemporary history academic research. The key problem discussed was ability of oral history to create innovative, fresh images of the past – especially in the field of professional, academic historiography.
W artykule Współczesne muzeum historyczne jako instytucja gromadzenia, przechowywania i udostępniania źródeł historycznych z XIX i XX wieku skoncentrowano się na kilkunastu dotyczących tego tematu kwestiach. Już na początku zauważono, iż muzea, w tym szczególnie tzw. „historyczne”, są w praktyce jedynym miejscem gromadzenia i prawie „masowego” udostępnia dużej części istniejących źródeł, pozwalających badaczom poznać lub uzupełnić swoją wiedzę o faktach i procesach z przeszłości. Z tego powodu znajdują się one w lepszej sytuacji niż zainteresowane głównie „źródłami pisanymi” archiwa i biblioteki. Prymat w tym względzie muzeów dotyczy zwłaszcza czterech rodzajów jednocześnie źródeł, jak i eksponatów muzealnych: 1) źródeł w ogóle lub tylko sporadycznie gromadzonych w bibliotekach i archiwach, 2) źródeł dla historyków ważnych i przydatnych w badaniach pewnych zagadnień, (np. dotyczących „małych ojczyzn”, dziejów lokalnych społeczności, rodzinnych itd.), o których brak informacji w innych źródłach, z których w kwerendach historycy korzystają najczęściej 3) źródeł kultury materialnej, których szukanie w bibliotekach lub archiwach jest również bezcelowe, oraz 4) z nimi przeważnie bezpośrednio związanych źródeł służących do badań szeroko rozumianego życia codziennego. Przyczyn tego stanu rzeczy niewątpliwego bogactwa muzealnych sal i magazynów jest kilka w tym przede wszystkim liczne kontakty interpersonalne np. z zbieraczami, pasjonatami historii, środowiskami kombatanckimi czy po prostu z odwiedzającymi muzea osobami. Aby te atuty wielu muzeów odpowiednio wykorzystać i przede wszystkim zachować dla potomności kolejne źródła historyczne (w tym też te powstałe stosunkowo niedawno i jeszcze interesujące niewielu badaczy) w artykule przedstawiono też propozycję profesjonalizacji i intensyfikacji gromadzenia, przechowania i udostępniania w muzach cennych, choć przeważnie niedocenianych źródeł historycznych. Na ten proces składa się prowadzenie w tych instytucjach badań naukowych, nowoczesna digitalizacja zbiorów oraz ich odpowiednie (zgodną z oczekiwaniami zarówno zwiedzających, jak i historyków) ich eksponowanie. Poza tym niezbędne dla sukcesu tego rodzaju projektów jest fachowość i zaangażowanie pracowników muzeów, poszerzanie bazy społecznego oddziaływania tych instytucji oraz opracowanie odpowiednich, służących temu celowi metod współdziałania z placówkami naukowymi, archiwami, bibliotekami i osobami fizycznymi (np. kolekcjonerami).
This paper focuses on revising the sources of the past for studying the history of socialist education in Czechoslovakia. The authors asked themselves what sources are available for historian of education, if he decides to examine contemporary history of education. This question is important especially in the context of primary education in the former South Moravian Region in 1969–1989. In the first part of the text, the authors present their scheme of partition of sources. In the following sections, the various types of sources (historical sources, professional publications, auxiliary sources and literature) are discussed in detail and complemented by concrete examples. The paper draws attention to the fact that there is relatively large amount of sources for getting knowledge about the history of socialist education. Unfortunately, sources which are available and acknowledged up until the present cover only some parts of school life and school life actors. On the other hand, there is a lot of scientific literature and research results from other areas of historiography, which may contribute to the understanding of contemporary history of education at both the national and regional level. This means that the historical-educational research can build on the knowledge of other disciplines.
The objective of this article is to consider legends or oral narratives in Norway which deal with the Chudes. Who were the Chudes - an important nation acting in a particular historical context or a mythological image? In order to answer this question it is necessary to examine different references to the Chudes preserved in Norwegian legends and historical sources. Here I consider the following tasks: 1) to clarify the meaning of the word ‘Chude’ in Norwegian culture; 2) to analyze legends about the Chudes in order to pick out the main plot-constructing elements. Legends are narratives which claim to be true and are usually connected to well-known places and people. Migrating legends are narratives which have been narrated in many places and for a long period of time. This also concerns legends narrating about the Chudes. This article discusses the effect on the percentage of truth in the narratives. For fifteen years I have taken the lead in doing research work at UiT (The Arctic University of Norway), the Institute of Teacher Education and Pedagogy, where my students and I collected several hundred legends, mainly from Northern Norway. The reason why pedagogy students were involved in this work is that legends can be applied as a method of knowledge development. It will be helpful when the students become trained teachers and face their own pupils at primary and lower secondary schools. Interest in legends can strengthen skills and content awareness, being at the same time a gateway to establishing knowledge structures.
The issue of environmental education, on the one hand, belongs to relatively new in corrective-methodological science. This applies to most humane, spiritual guidance to teaching natural science subjects, due to the current dominant paradigm of ecocentric social development. On the other hand, the need for a love of nature, the desire to preserve and increase its relative wealth, aesthetically perceive its beauty is traditionally discussed in a special pedagogical, psychological, methodological science, its importance and relevance notice scientists who dedicate their work to the technique of education. So there is a need to analyze the process of formation and development of environmental education of mentally retarded students in Ukrainian correctional pedagogical, psychological and methodological fields. The results of research in this area confirm the list of Ukrainian defectology, the work which today can be interpreted as relevant to environmental issues. The leading idea they unanimously advocated developing various areas of defectology, was expediency of "natural approaches" to a child with mental and physical development deficiencies. The theoretical issues of Ukrainian scientists have often been referred to by known foreign and Russian colleagues. The article reviews the current state of Ukrainian origins of environmental education in special schools. The analysis of curriculum of special schools showed that the integrated approach to natural science disciplines is not fully implemented in terms of instilling in students love and respect for nature; ill-defined system of environmental concepts which should be mastered by students; lack of interdisciplinary links between science and geography; labor training and fine arts, etc. That’s why the existing organization of the process of environmental education of mentally retarded pupils does not meet the needs of modern society and contains the contradiction between the potential opportunities of developing in students the components of environmental education and the insufficient development of pedagogical conditions of its realization in the process of studying of natural history material.
Access to these sources is hindered due to lacking bibliographies and documentary reviews. The author applies traditional typoogy of bibliological sources to present potential storage location of specific types of documents, and their potential usefulness in different types of research problems. Search methods and recommended direction of further studies are also discussed. Particular attention is paid to the possibilities offered by digitalisation of library and archival resources.
Main objective of the essay under consideration was investigation and characterized most important source materials stocked at the Archive of the Cracow’s Dominican Province to present the history of their studium generale during the Modern period. Also, the current knowledge of a.m. period of studium generale was screened- out and some searching hypothesis were proposed concerning the history of the Cracow’s Dominican studium generale. The searching time frame have been limited to XVI up to XVII century. Taken into consideration, the current status of research works performed so far, one ought to stated that the Modern Epoch has not been searched out with the same consciousness compare to the Medieval one. As the most important printed source materials, one ought to account the documents issued by the general and provincial chapters of the Convent. The documents of the provincial chapters have been listed and screened by Father Fabian Madura, and were stocked as the typescript formats at the Cracow’s Dominican Convent Library.Based on the searched source materials of General Chapter of Dominican Convent at Cracow, it is possible to present the general overview of the convent education system and its changes in due time. Due to the records found it would be possible to identify – position and name – the Dominicans nominated to the Convent stadium generale. The most important manuscript stocked at the Cracow’s Dominican Convent Archive as the education system is concern, is so called Liber Studii Generalis cracoviensis (rkps 20). This manuscript covers the list of friars who have been nominated to work at stadium generale. A.m. document has to verify and compare with other sources.Taken into consideration above mention facts, it seems to be as most important searching activities to describe the convent society of the Cracow’s Dominicans. At the essay some detailed searching hypothesis were presented, such as searching and reviewing the personnel of studium generale, the convent, intellectual culture both teachers and scholar, legal aspects related to the convent’s education system, links and cooperation between the Cracow’s University and studium generale and the Dominicans activities both sacrum and profanum.
PL
Main objective of the essay under consideration was investigation and characterized most important source materials stocked at the Archive of the Cracow’s Dominican Province to present the history of their studium generale during the Modern period. Also, the current knowledge of a.m. period of studium generale was screened- out and some searching hypothesis were proposed concerning the history of the Cracow’s Dominican studium generale. The searching time frame have been limited to XVI up to XVII century. Taken into consideration, the current status of research works performed so far, one ought to stated that the Modern Epoch has not been searched out with the same consciousness compare to the Medieval one. As the most important printed source materials, one ought to account the documents issued by the general and provincial chapters of the Convent. The documents of the provincial chapters have been listed and screened by Father Fabian Madura, and were stocked as the typescript formats at the Cracow’s Dominican Convent Library.Based on the searched source materials of General Chapter of Dominican Convent at Cracow, it is possible to present the general overview of the convent education system and its changes in due time. Due to the records found it would be possible to identify – position and name – the Dominicans nominated to the Convent stadium generale. The most important manuscript stocked at the Cracow’s Dominican Convent Archive as the education system is concern, is so called Liber Studii Generalis cracoviensis (rkps 20). This manuscript covers the list of friars who have been nominated to work at stadium generale. A.m. document has to verify and compare with other sources.Taken into consideration above mention facts, it seems to be as most important searching activities to describe the convent society of the Cracow’s Dominicans. At the essay some detailed searching hypothesis were presented, such as searching and reviewing the personnel of studium generale, the convent, intellectual culture both teachers and scholar, legal aspects related to the convent’s education system, links and cooperation between the Cracow’s University and studium generale and the Dominicans activities both sacrum and profanum.
Craft guilds participated actively in the socio-economic life of towns from the 13th century up to the 19th century. A valuable and interesting source to study their history are material relics that remained of their activities. The article describes the guild artefacts which are to be found in the collection of the National Museum in Szczecin. They have been divided into several groups according to their application: fi ttings of the guild chamber or inn, objects used in the formal activities of the guilds, and identifi cation and legal signs. The article is a starting point and a hint for the researchers who will decide to use other than written sources in their investigations. A closer analysis of particular objects may be useful not only in the description of the functioning and importance of the organisations analysed, but in establishing their chronology.
The starting point for considering the possibilities of using folklore sources in historical research is the ambiguity of the term "folklore" and the multitude of interpretative perspectives appearing on the grounds of Polish folklore studies. Following the historical development of interest in this subject in various fields of the humanities, the author tries to answer the question of why "knowledge of the people" has long been underestimated in the historical discourse and under what circumstances it was incorporated into scientific considerations. Recognizing the cognitive potential of folklore, the author presents its shortcomings as a historical source and postulates the necessity for the use of folkloristics methods in the historical analysis of such materials.
The Division of Rare Books and Manuscripts of the State Public Scientific Technological Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Госуда́рственная публи́чная нау́чно-техни́ческая библиоте́ка Сиби́рского отделе́ния Росси́йской акаде́мии нау́к) houses signifi cant collections of printed matter and archival materials, dated from the 13th century until today. The general number of items held has surpassed 90.000. The collections are constantly developed. The core of the oldest part of the collection came with the legacy of the Academician Tikhomirov, received by the Library during the years 1967–1969. Other important acquisitions came from special fi eld expeditions organised by the Siberian Branch of the RASc. These activities resulted in doubling the numer of the oldest part of the holdings, and in setting up of separate territorial collections. This type of fi eld work is still continued. To date, the holdings of the Division of Rare Books and Manuscripts encompass over 1300 old Russian manuscripts and 2,500 of Cyrillic old prints (including the publications of the Old Believers, 18th–19th century). Eighteenth-century prints executed with the Cyrillic types westernized by Peter the Great form a separate collection; similarly, nineteenth-century works of Russian authors printed during their lifetimes, as well as by the authors of the Russian Silver Age (beginning of the 20th century). Books prohibited by Soviet law, printed both in Russia and abroad, are also kept separately. Alongside fi eld work, the staff of the Division is gathering materials towards a union catalogue of old and rare books held at state repositories in Siberia and the Russian Far East. Catalogues of manuscripts, old prints, and rare books are regularly published. The arrival of digital technology resulted in new activities of the Division. Digitisation of materials is systematically carried out for preservation purposes and for databases – bibliographical and full text – devoted to Siberian history are compiled. Thanks to the holdings of the Division the Museum of the Book was organised, which conducts popularisation activities for the educational institutions of Novosibirsk, the inhabitants of the city, and all persons interested in the history and culture of the book.
PL
Oddział Książki Rzadkiej i Rękopisów GPNTB SO RAN (Госуда́рственная публи́чная нау́чно-техни́ческая библиоте́ка Сиби́рского отделе́ния Росси́йской акаде́мии нау́к – Państwowa Publiczna Naukowo-Techniczna Biblioteka Oddziału Syberyjskiego Rosyjskiej Akademii Nauk) przechowuje znaczące zbiory książek i archiwaliów powstałych w okresie od XIII w. do dnia dzisiejszego. Ogólna liczba zbiorów przekracza obecnie 90 000 jednostek; zbiory są systematycznie uzupełniane. Podwaliny najstarszej części zbiorów stanowi kolekcja starych druków i rękopisów akademika M. N. Tichomirowa, którą Biblioteka otrzymała w latach 1967–1969. Ekspedycje archeograficzne organizowane przez Syberyjski Oddział RAN, przyczyniły się do ponad dwukrotnego powiększenia najstarszej części zasobów Biblioteki i powstania osobnych kolekcji terytorialnych. Do dzisiaj ten kierunek prac Oddziału stanowi perspektywiczny sposób uzupełniania najstarszej części kolekcji. W chwili obecnej Oddział Książki Rzadkiej i Rękopisów dysponuje ponad 1300 staroruskich rękopisów i 2500 rosyjskich starodruków, doliczając do tego zbioru wydania drukarń staroobrzędowców XVIII–XIX w. Z innych kolekcji wyodrębniono książki XVIII w. drukowane tzw. grażdanką, a także wydane za życia autorów utwory rosyjskich pisarzy XIX w. i rosyjskiego srebrnego wieku oraz kolekcję prohibitów – wydanych nielegalnie i zagranicznych. Równolegle do terenowej pracy archeograficznej Oddział gromadzi materiały do zbiorczego katalogu wydań rzadkich i książek zabytkowych przechowywanych w zasobach państwowych bibliotek na terytorium Syberii i Dalekiego Wschodu. Regularnie wydawane są katalogi rękopisów, starych druków i książek rzadkich. W związku z wykorzystywaniem nowych technologii i techniki cyfrowej pojawiają się nowe kierunki pracy Oddziału. Planowo przeprowadza się prace polegające na wykonywaniu cyfrowych kopii zabezpieczających rękopisy i druki, prowadzone są prace nad tworzeniem baz danych – bibliograficznych i pełnotekstowych – zawierających informację o dawnych książkach zabytkowych w regionie syberyjskim. Oddział Książki Rzadkiej i Rękopisów: kolekcje, działalność naukowa i popularyzatorska W oparciu o zbiory Oddziału zostało stworzone i funkcjonuje Muzeum Książki, które prowadzi działalność naukowo-popularyzatorską dla placówek edukacyjnych miasta, mieszkańców Nowosybirska i wszystkich zainteresowanych historią kultury książki.
The study intends to build on the one hand on the methodology of historical science and on the other hand archival science, namely in the specific area of the so-called archival appraisal of records, or historical sources. After we focus in the first step on the recently deceased Canadian archival thinker and theoretician Terry Cook (1947–2014) and the theory he elaborated of the appraisal/selection of records called the macroappraisal theory, the author will in the second part systematize several levels on which the future potential importance of the historical sources will be constituted and from which it is also possible to interpret. The study concludes with the author’s proposed conception of the so-called “archival hermeneutic circle” as one of the outcomes of reflections on the relationship between historical and archival science.
Tekst jest prezentacją refleksji dotyczących monografii zbiorowej: Wieś zaginiona. Stan i potrzeby badań, pod redakcją Przemysława Nocunia, Agnieszki Przybyły-Dumin i Krzysztofa Fokta, wydanej przez Muzeum „Górnośląski Park Etnograficzny w Chorzowie” w 2016 roku. Jest to książka bardzo ważna i od lat wyczekiwana przez rodzime środowisko ruralistyki historycznej. Publikacja ma charakter interdyscyplinarny, prezentujący złożony (historycznie, administracyjnie, gospodarczo i społecznie) proces powstania, funkcjonowania i schyłku wiejskich form osadniczych, wieloaspektowo i z wykorzystaniem aparatu badawczego i metodologicznego wypracowanego przez badaczy różnych dyscyplin i subdyscyplin naukowych. Znajdziemy tu artykuły archeologiczne, historyczne, geograficzne, etnograficzne i antropologiczne, a sygnalizowany interdyscyplinarny charakter całego tomu, widoczny jest również - oczywiście w różnej skali - we wszystkich znajdujących się w książce artykułach.
EN
The following text presents reflections on the collective monograph entitled: The Lost Village. The Current Status and Prospects for Researches, edited by Przemysław Nocuń, Agnieszka Przybyła-Dumin and Krzysztof Fokt, and published by the Museum “Upper Silesian Ethnographic Park in Chorzów” in 2016. This is a very important book, which has been fervently awaited by the researchers of rural history for years. The publication is interdisciplinary, presenting the complicated (historically, administratively, economically, and socially) process of founding, functioning and declining of rural settlement forms in a multi-aspect way with the use of research and methodological means elaborated by researchers of various scientific disciplines and sub-disciplines. The monograph includes archaeological, historical, geographic, ethnographic and anthropological articles. The signalized above interdisciplinary character of the whole volume is visible, naturally in a varied degree, in all articles published in the book.
The article deals with the formation of the leading special historical disciplines (further – SHD) in the native science, that study certain types of historical sources and develop theoretical and methodological basis of this research. It is emphasized, that special historical disciplines have come a long way of development and not at once became the special. In the ХІХ-th century, they had the status of auxiliary historical disciplines. The article highlights the stages of development of SHD from the second half of the ХІХ-th century – till the beginning of the XXI century, in particular pre-soviet, soviet and modern periods. At the beginning of the XXI century the majority Ukrainian researchers agrees with the need to rename the previously used “auxiliary historical discipline” to “special historical discipline”. In the pre-soviet period the role of the major SHD as paleography, diplomatics, metrology, genealogy, sphragistics and heraldry in the native science has increased considerably since they acquired the status of independent scientific “auxiliary historical disciplines”, and some of them are taught in the universities of Lviv, Kharkiv, Kiev, Novorossiisk for training of professional historians. The article revealed the contribution of prominent native scientists to development of studios of SHD (I. Sreznevskyi, D. Yavornytskyi, I. Kamanin, V. Lukomskyi, V. Modzalevskyi, I. Krypiakevych, O. Lazarevskyi and others). The Soviet period was characterized by a continuation of development and becoming of fully new auxiliary historical disciplines that appropriately began to stand out from the classic SHD. Thus codicology and filigranology separated from palaeography, getting the own object of study. At present there is further differentiation of SHD, extension study of “Ukrainian documentary material”, native experts have productively comprehended the achievements of predecessors and have prepared professional publications. Therefore, the article presents the studies that define the basic aspects of SHD studios’ development and their place in the Ukrainian historical science. It is marked that recently has observed strengthening of attention of scientists to history, theory and methodology of SHD.
There is a castle hill to the east of the village of Berezowiec (Karelichy region, Grodno district, Belarus), on the Servech River, entered in the register of monuments as a stronghold from the Iron Age, the Middle Ages, and modern times. By analysing written and genealogical sources, it has beeen possible to establish that the Berezowiec castle and manor belonged to the Kmita Stretowicz family between the late 15th and 16th centuries. In addition, it can be demonstrated that in the first half of the 16th century, on the Servech River, there were two estates called Berezowiec. One estate belonged to treasurers of the Sołtan family, and the other to the Kmita Stretowicz family. The initiation of the research in the hillfort was influenced by a local legend, according to which there was a castle near the village of voivode Kmita. The research was conducted both in the archives and in the field, on the top of the hill and at its the foot. The inventories of the farm and the Berezowiec estate include houses, outbuildings, the manor fence, and farm buildings.
PL
Na wschód od wsi Berezowiec (w rejonie korelickim, w obwodzie grodzieńskim na Białorusi), nad rzeką Serwecz, znajduje się wzgórze zamkowe, wpisane do rejestru zabytków jako grodzisko z epoki żelaza, średniowiecza i czasów nowożytnych. Dzięki analizie źródeł pisanych oraz genealogicznych, udało się ustalić przynależność zamku i dworu Berezowiec do rodu Kmitów Stretowiczów w okresie od końca XV do XVI wieku. Ponadto ustalono, że w pierwszej połowie XVI wieku nad rzeką Serwecz znajdowały się dwa majątki nazywane Berezowiec. Jedna posiadłość należała do podskarbich z rodziny Sołtanów, a druga do Kmitów Stretowiczów. Wpływ na rozpoczęcie badań na terenie grodziska miała miejscowa legenda mówiąca o tym, że w pobliżu wsi istniał zamek wojewody Kmity. Badania prowadzono w archiwach oraz w terenie, na wzgórzu zamkowym i u jego podnóża. W inwentarzach folwarku i majątku Berezowiec wymienia się domy, budynki gospodarcze i ogrodzenie dworu oraz zabudowania folwarku.
Artykuł podejmuje zagadnieniem wartości informacyjnej galicyjskich czasopism prawniczych w badaniach nad dziejami notariatu w latach 1871-1914. W tekście zajęto się analizą takich tytułów jak „Kwartalnik Stowarzyszenia Kandydatów Notarialnych w Krakowie”, „Prawnik”, „Przegląd Sądowy i Administracyjny”, „Urzędnik w Połączeniu z Prawnikiem”. Sporą część ich zawartości zajmowały teksty dotyczące notariatu. Na uwagę zasługuje ciągłość, cykliczność oraz jakość publikowanych materiałów, które stwarzają możliwości badań nad grupą zawodową notariuszy zwłaszcza z zastosowaniem perspektywy egodokumentalnej.
EN
The article deals with the issue of the informative value of Galician law journals in research on the history of notaries public in the years 1871–1914. The text presents the analysis of such titles as „Kwartalnik Stowarzyszenia Kandydatów Notarialnych w Krakowie”, „Prawnik”, „Przegląd Sądowy i Administracyjny”, „Urzędnik w Połączeniu z Prawnikiem” [“Quarterly of the Association of Notary Candidates in Krakow”, “Lawyer”, “Judicial and Administrative Review”, “The clerk combined with the lawyer”]. A large part of their content was devoted to texts on the notary public’s services. The continuity, cyclicality and quality of published materials are noteworthy, as they provide opportunities for research on the professional group of notaries, especially with the use of an ego-documentary perspective.
The general framework of the history of Jewish theater in Poland must be placed in a trilingual cultural context – Yiddish, Hebrew and Polish. The definition of Yiddish theater encompasses stage productions, both amateur and professional, staged within the geographic boundaries of Poland by Jews for Yiddish audiences. Yiddish theater was however an international phenomenon created by travelling troupes, so that it also brought to these regions theatrical traditions stemming from other countries. The author puts in order and systematizes the sources relevant to the study of this subject and proposes his own periodization of the history of Jewish theater in Poland.
PL
Historia teatru żydowskiego w Polsce sytuuje się w kontekście kulturowym wyznaczonym przez trzy języki: jidysz, hebrajski i polski. Definicja teatru żydowskiego obejmuje produkcje sceniczne, zarówno amatorskie, jak i profesjonalne, wystawiane w geograficznych granicach Polski przez Żydów dla publiczności w języku jidysz. Teatr jidysz był jednak zjawiskiem międzynarodowym, tworzonym przez wędrowne trupy, dzięki czemu przynosił na te tereny również tradycje teatralne wywodzące się z innych krajów. Steinlauf porządkuje i systematyzuje źródła istotne dla badań nad tym teatrem i proponuje własną periodyzację dziejów teatru żydowskiego w Polsce.
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