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EN
Psalms of the Future by Zygmunt Krasiński once belonged to a group of the most important patriotic-religious literary works in Polish culture and address Poles as a priestly people. In the poet’s output the Psalms are a work abounding in biblical reminiscences more than any other of his poetical productions. Although they do not repeat the formal features of the Polish translations of the biblical Psalms, in the initial period of their public reception no doubts were raised concerning their genre. In Romanticism they were perceived to be a collection of psalms according to the then accepted determinants of the genre. The following determinants were taken into account: the message pertaining to the practice of the virtues of faith, hope and charity, the construction of the subject who reaches out for the mystery of things divine (here the influence of Byron’s Hebrew Melodies can be seen) and the religious zeal of the entire utterance, patriotic commitment included. In the latter case the traditions of Classicism were a significant influence. As a seer-poet, but also a hierophant-mystagogue, Krasiński prescribed spiritual exercises to his fellow countrymen. Krasiński's Psalms are in their esoteric-hermetic content inspired, among others, by the texts of the great French religious poet Victor de Laprade.
PL
Psalms of the Future by Zygmunt Krasi?ski once belonged to a group of the most important patriotic-religious literary works in Polish culture and address Poles as a priestly people. In the poet’s output the Psalms are a work abounding in biblical reminiscences more than any other of his poetical productions. Although they do not repeat the formal features of the Polish translations of the biblical Psalms, in the initial period of their public reception no doubts were raised concerning their genre. In Romanticism they were perceived to be a collection of psalms according to the then accepted determinants of the genre. The following determinants were taken into account: the message pertaining to the practice of the virtues of faith, hope and charity, the construction of the subject who reaches out for the mystery of things divine (here the influence of Byron’s Hebrew Melodies can be seen) and the religious zeal of the entire utterance, patriotic commitment included. In the latter case the traditions of Classicism were a significant influence. As a seer-poet, but also a hierophant-mystagogue, Krasi?ski prescribed spiritual exercises to his fellow countrymen. Krasi?ski's Psalms are in their esoteric-hermetic content inspired, among others, by the texts of the great French religious poet Victor de Laprade.
3
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Język polski na Uniwersytecie Łotewskim w Rydze

100%
EN
The Polish language at the Latvian University in RigaThe history of teaching of Polish language in the University of Latvia (LU) starts soon after its establishment in 1919. In the 1930s thanks to such famous scientists as Julian Krzyżanowski and Stanisław Kolbuszewski, the number of subjects connected with the Polish culture has increased at the Faculty of Philology and Philosophy and the Latvian society was introduced to the numerous works of these professors, published in different publications in Latvia. After the Second World War, Polish language has been taught within Russian philology with the aim of comparison Eastern and Western Slavic language groups. At the same time scientific works on the state of Polish language of local Poles started to appear. Since the 1990s students of Russian Philology of the LU study Polish language as the foreign language by acquiring not only the structure of it for comparative purposes, but also by acquiring communicative skills. Due to the intensive cooperation with the Polish institutions, exchange programmes and the interest of the students, Polish language as the foreign language occupies a stable place among the courses of Bachelor programme of Russian philology in the LU.
EN
The article analyses the unique copy of the old Polish catholic hymn book Pieśni nabożne na święta uroczyste według porządku Kościoła ś. katolickiego na cały rok z wielką pilnością zebrane [Songs of piety and devotion...] published in Cracow in 1627 and found at the library at Escorial in Spain. The book, apparently the first known printed Polish catholic extensive hymn book, contained over 140 songs, in Polish and Latin, including works written by Jan Kochanowski and Mikołaj Rej. The article also describes later editions of the hymn book. This is a particularly important book in the history of Polish culture because it was repeatedly republished in different printing offices, not only Catholic, under the same or slightly changed title as late as until the nineteenth century. Numerous editions of the hymn book constitute a valuable source for the study of Polish Catholic hymns as they make it possible to follow and trace the chronology of works, their textual variations and the popularity of particular songs or hymns within a particular time frame, as well as their range of influence and regional occurrence.
EN
The article is an introduction into the presence of Polish literature in China from the perspective of one of its most active researchers and translators. The author describes his fascination with Bolesław Prus’s work that resulted in the Chinese translation of Lalka (The Doll) and his work on two-volume Historia literatury polskiej (The history of Polish literature) aimed at Chinese readers.
Tematy i Konteksty
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2013
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vol. 8
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issue 3
363-374
EN
Juliusz Nowak-Dłużewski (31.03.1893, Goszcza – 19.04.1972, Warszawa), a literary scholar and historian, a teacher in secondary schools in Kielce and Warszawa. He did Polish Studies and his PhD in 1932 at the Jagiellonian University in the care of his promoter, Professor Ignacy Chrzanowski. During World War II he lectured at Kielce branch of Polish Studies of University of Western Lands. After the war he habilitated in Toruń on the basis of his monograph dedicated to priest Stanisław Konarski, afterwards, he took a job as a substitute for a Professor at Catholic University of Lublin and as an associate professor at University of Warsaw. His teaching and pedagogic service bore fruit in 1938 in the form of the Gold Cross of Merits. Post-war frameworks of reconstruction and the effort of the preservation from destruction of post-courtly collections from the position of the director of the National Museum in Kielce resulted in the Order of Polonia Restituta (1963). Finally, Nowak-Dłużewski’s research and development works met with recognition from the jury of the Włodzimierz Pietrzak Literary Award two times (1964, 1967). The memoir dedicated to Professor J. Nowak-Dłużewski develops from his student’s conviction about the perfection of his didactic and educational mission performed by him with devotion during the difficult times when Communism was on the rampage. We experienced Professor’s special care and foresight in the last decade of his life (1962-1972), when he resolved to “remake us into angels” by destining us for creative work in conditions close to monastic closure – in the team of a PhD seminary. A doubtless protagonist of the given text is our Master, Professor Juliusz Nowak-Dłużewski. For this reason, the references include only articles and utterances of particular people with the intention of underlining our interpersonal master-pupils bond. To my mind, this aspect appears to excuse the author in the eyes of Colleagues as well as Readers.
PL
Juliusz Nowak-Dłużewski (31 III 1893 - 19 IV 1972), historyk literatury, absolwent filologii polskiej Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, uczeń i doktorant prof. Ignacego Chrzanowskiego, nauczyciel Gimnazjum Jana Zamoyskiego w Warszawie, a podczas II wojny światowej organizator i wykładowca filii kieleckiej Tajnego Uniwersytetu Ziem Zachodnich – po pięknych zasługach w powojennym ratowaniu bibliotek dworskich i dzieł sztuki współtworzył Muzeum Świętokrzyskie i Bibliotekę Wojewódzką w Kielcach. W 1951 r. habilitował się u prof. Konrada Górskiego w Toruniu, obejmując stanowisko zastępcy profesora KUL, a następnie od roku akad. 1956/57 – profesora nadzwyczajnego Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego. W stolicy witali go bardzo serdecznie dawni jego uczniowie. „Kochał bardzo młodzież i dobrze ją rozumiał” – napisze potem z oddali emigracyjnej prof. Wiesław Strzałkowski, żołnierz PSZ na Zachodzie, lecz przede wszystkim poeta, z nabożeństwem dedykujący Profesorowi własne wiersze. W 1962 roku, gdy Nowak-Dłużewski, powołując seminarium doktoranckie, podjął „świętą wojnę” z ostracyzmem komunistycznym, garnęli się doń przybysze z całego kraju. Gdyby nie przyjął pomocy Instytutu Wydawniczego „PAX” ze strony przedwojennych uczniów, byłby jako badacz narażony na intelektualny niebyt. Dwukrotnie wzmocniły go Nagrody im. Włodzimierza Pietrzaka (1964, 1967). Czytelnikom dał się poznać odkrywczym opus vitae, 6-tomową syntezą „Okolicznościowa poezja polityczna w Polsce” (1963-1980). Wychował grono doktorów, ucząc ich wiary i nadziei, a także odporności na ciśnienie obcej ideologii. O tych niełatwych latach – i o wspólnym zwycięstwie – pisze jeden z nich.
Tematy i Konteksty
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2013
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vol. 8
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issue 3
391-404
EN
The study proposed here contains a vast elaboration on Iwona Węgrzyn’s monograph entitled "In the World of Henryk Rzewuski Novels" (Jagiellonian University Press, Kraków 2012, 386 pages). The author deals with the forgotten and barely examined oeuvre of Henryk Rzewuski. She notices that, for many years, Rzewuski’s works have been neglected due to his controversial political views. The author treats these stereotypes with criticism and offers an in-depth analysis of the individual works, trying to understand the political, ideological and artistic choices Rzewuski made. The author depicts the count as an original writer, whose line of thinking was very much different from those of the majority of contemporary writers who condemned him to general isolation and incomprehension. Iwona Węgrzyn discusses almost all the works by Rzewuski and relates them to their contemporary social, political and cultural contexts. Much space has been given to the author’s activities in the literary community at that time. The study proposed by Iwona Węgrzyn is very illuminating. It is characterized by a multitude of the issues addressed and by insightful academic investigations.
PL
Prezentowane studium zawiera obszerne omówienie monografii Iwony Węgrzyn W świecie powieści Henryka Rzewuskiego (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, Kraków 2012, ss. 386). Przywołana autorka zajmuje się w swojej książce zapomnianą i słabo zbadaną twórczością Henryka Rzewuskiego. Zauważa, że przez wiele lat twórczość ta była odrzucana ze względu na kontrowersyjne poglądy polityczne pisarza. Autorka odnosi się krytycznie do związanych z tym stereotypów. Szczegółowo analizuje poszczególne utwory, próbując zrozumieć dokonywane przez Rzewuskiego wybory polityczne, ideowe oraz artystyczne. Ukazuje go jako twórcę oryginalnego, myślącego odmiennie niż większość pisarzy jego epoki, ale przez to skazanego na izolację i nierozumienie. Iwona Węgrzyn omawia prawie wszystkie utwory pisarza, szeroko odnosząc się do kontekstów społecznych, politycznych i kulturalnych jego czasu. Wiele miejsca poświęca też funkcjonowaniu Rzewuskiego w ówczesnej społeczności literackiej. Studium Iwony Węgrzyn ma liczne walory poznawcze, cechuje się też wielością podejmowanych problemów oraz wnikliwością dociekań.  
EN
The article discusses the research proposal presented in Światowa historia literatury polskiej. Interpretacje [World History of Polish Literature. Interpretations], edited by Magdalena Popiel, Tomasz Bilczewski and Stanley Bill. Mikołajczak contrasts the research concept of world literature with the dominant approaches to the world literature in the area of contemporary literary studies and the traditional model of the history of literature. She reflects on the situation of Polish literature in the world, taking into account the ways in which Polish works circulate in other cultural circles, the possibilities and limitations of translation as well as shifts within the canon. She also indicates the opportunities that open up for Polish literature in the global context.
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Książki wyzwalają emocje

81%
Tematy i Konteksty
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2017
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vol. 12
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issue 7
531-535
EN
This article is a review of the book by Ryszard Koziołek entitled Dobrze się myśli literaturą (Literature is a good way of thinking). This publication is a collection of essays in which the literary expert considers the essence of contemporary reading. Koziołek pays special attention to emotions accompanying reading – bot the latest literature and the books considered to be classic ones. He indicates that literature is a special kind of continuity which can be analyzed through the prism of many fields of science, among others, economics or psychology.
EN
This article discusses two examples from Polish contemporary criminal literature: Moc i cesarzowa by Katarzyna Gacek and Agnieszka Szczepańska and Ewa i złoty kot by Joanna Szymczyk. Both novels focus on the problem of heroines on the track of felony. The author of this article presents this issue in the context of earlier publications belonging to criminal literature, first considering it in general terms and then referring to Polish titles.
PL
Wskazując na postępującą marginalizację piśmiennictwa doby oświecenia w programach nauczania języka polskiego, realizowanych w szkole średniej (ponadgimnazjalnej) na przestrzeni ostatnich kilkunastu lat, autor artykułu skupia się na powiązanym z tym zjawiskiem pogłębianiu się problemu jednostronnego, zdominowanego przez stereotypy i uproszczenia, odbioru tamtej literatury. Stawia pytanie o to, w jaki sposób należałoby czytać osiemnastowieczne i wczesnodziewiętnastowieczne teksty, by – w imię przywracania im należnej rangi w kulturowym obiegu – zobaczyć je nie tylko w kontekście historyczno-społecznym, a tym samym nie sprowadzać ich znaczenia do przekazu dydaktycznego bądź politycznego. W obliczu niepokojących, bo instrumentalizujących dzieło literackie, trendów, które pojawiają się w przestrzeni literaturoznawstwa, podkreśla jednocześnie potrzebę wystrzegania się sytuacji, w której rzutowane na dawny tekst przekonania ideologiczne badacza zdają się nad tym tekstem – jako przedmiotem obserwacji – dominować, zafałszowując jego obraz.
EN
Pointing to the progressive marginalization of the Enlightenment literature in the Polish language curricula implemented in secondary schools over the last several years, the author focuses on the related phenomenon of biased reception of that literature, dominated by stereotypes and simplifications. The author asks how the 18th and early-19th-century texts should be read – with the aim of restoring their proper rank in the cultural tradition – to perceive them not only in the historical and social context, and thus not to reduce their meaning to a didactic or political message. In the face of the disturbing trends in the field of literary studies, which instrumentalise a literary work, the author also stresses the need to avoid a situation in which the ideological beliefs of the researcher projected on an older text seem to dominate it, distorting its image.
EN
The article is a review of the book by Agnieszka Kuniczuk-Trzcinowicz, Sienkiewicza talent i intuicja. Studia i szkice [Talent and Intuition of Sienkiewicz. Studies and Sketches], published in Opole in 2014. The publication is an interesting example of analysis of relations between popular literary conventions and the works by Sienkiewicz. According to the reviewer, the essential merit of the book is the ambitious comparative idea – conventions of popular literature are observed not only in the novels by Henryk Sienkiewicz, but also in other 19th century works that belong to the canon of high literature.
EN
The article investigates the theoretical and practical principles of creating a canon in Polish and Ukrainian historical and literary syntheses in the context of European historiographical traditions. The core criteria of selection of historical and literary material are singled out, and taxonomic tendencies in the histories of literature from the 18th–20th centuries are considered. The main aspects of the canonization of texts in Ukrainian and Polish historiographical corpora are clarified, which are primarily reflected in the formal characteristics, criteria for selecting literary texts, the author’s interpretations, conceptual approaches and the methodological basis. The article articulates the main achievements of literary historians of the 18th–20th centuries, as well as comprehensively defining the methodology for creating a holistic and scientifically sound corpus of the history of Ukrainian and Polish literature.
UK
У статті досліджено теоретичні та практичні засади створення канону в польських та українських історико-літературних синтезах у контексті загальноєвропейських історіографічних традицій. Виокремлено стрижневі критерії селекції історико-літературного матеріалу, а також розглянуто таксономічні тенденції в історіях літератури XVIII–ХХ століття. З’ясовано основні аспекти канонізації текстів в українських та польських історіографічних корпусах, які насамперед відображені у формальних характеристиках, критеріях відбору художніх текстів, авторських інтерпретаціях, концептуальних підходах та методологічній базі. У статті проартикульовано основні здобутки істориків літератури XVIII–ХХ століття, а також комплексно визначено методологію створення цілісного та науково обґрунтованого корпусу історії українського та польського письменства.
PL
Autorka artykułu analizuje trzy biograficzne opowieści o cygańskiej poetce Bronisławie Wajs – Papuszy: Demony cudzego strachu Jerzego Ficowskiego, reportaż Angeliki Kuźniak oraz film Joanny Kos-Krauze i Krzysztofa Krauzego. Każda z wybranych do analizy narracji stanowi zbiór wątków i problemów związanych z antropologicznymi, społecznymi, tożsamościowymi strategiami i pułapkami biografistyki, a zarazem podejmuje niejednorodną problematykę dotyczącą związków życia i twórczości Papuszy z politycznymi i społecznymi kontekstami biografii autorki Pieśni mówionych. Dla Jerzego Ficowskiego centralnym zagadnieniem w rekonstrukcji historii życia Bronisławy Wajs pozostaje tragizm postaci poetki, w reportażu Angeliki Kuźniak kluczowe okazują się kwestie biografii i społecznej przemocy, w filmowej opowieści o Papuszy z kolei powracają zagadnienia cygańskiej pamięci, utraty i inności.
EN
The author of the article analyzes three biographical stories about the Gypsy poet Bronislawa Wajs – Papusza: Demony cudzego strachu by Jerzy Ficowski (Demons of someone else’s fear), report of Angelika Kuźniak and the movie by Joanna Kos-Krauze and Krzysztof Krauze. Each narrative selected for the analysis is a collection of topics and issues related to the anthropological, social, identity’s strategies and pitfalls of biographistic studies. Each one of them is also about the heterogeneous issues concerning connections of Papusza’s life and work with political and social contexts of her biography. For Jerzy Ficowski central issue in the reconstruction of the history of Bronisława Wajs’ life is tragic figure of a poet, in a report by Angelika Kuźniak the key issues are those related to biography and social violence, in the movie about Papusza main themes are gypsy memory, loss and otherness.
16
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Język polski na Uniwersytecie Łotewskim w Rydze

58%
EN
The history of teaching of Polish language in the University of Latvia (LU) starts soon after its establishment in 1919. In the 1930s thanks to such famous scientists as Julian Krzyżanowski and Stanisław Kolbuszewski, the number of subjects connected with the Polish culture has increased at the Faculty of Philology and Philosophy and the Latvian society was introduced to the numerous works of these professors, pub­lished in different publications in Latvia. After the Second World War, Polish lan­guage has been taught within Russian philology with the aim of comparison Eastern and Western Slavic language groups. At the same time scientific works on the state of Polish language of local Poles started to appear. Since the 1990s students of Russian Philology of the LU study Polish language as the foreign language by acquiring not only the structure of it for comparative purposes, but also by acquiring communi­cative skills. Due to the intensive cooperation with the Polish institutions, exchange programmes and the interest of the students, Polish language as the foreign language occupies a stable place among the courses of Bachelor programme of Russian philology in the LU.
RU
История преподавания польского языка в Латвийском Университете (ЛУ) начинается вскоре после его основания в 1919 году. В 30-е годы, благодаря та­ким известным ученым, как Юлиан Кшижановски и Станислав Кольбушевски, на факультете филологии и философии возросло количество предметов, свя­занных с польской культурой, а общество Латвии могло ознакомиться с мно­гочисленными работами этих профессоров, опубликованными в различных изданиях страны. После II мировой войны польский язык изучался в рамках русской филологии с целью показать связи восточно- и западнославянской группы языков. В это время начали появляться научные работы о польском языке местных поляков. С 90-ых годов студенты русской филологии Латвий­ского Университета изучают польский язык как иностранный, не только осва­ивая систему языка в сравнительных целях, но и получая коммуникативные навыки. Благодаря интенсивному сотрудничеству с польскими учрежденями, программам обменазаинтересованности студентов, польский язык как ино­странный занимает стабильное место среди курсов бакалаврской программы русской филологии в ЛУ.
EN
The article concerns the traces of the Old Testament apocrypha IV Ezra in the Polish literature of the nineteenth century. It shows how the prose (novel Mirtala of Eliza Orzeszkowa) and Polish poetry (Ezra’s prayer of Maria Konopnicka and Ezra and Uriel of Stefan Witwicki) exploit issues evoked by the Biblical apocrypha and portray the figure of its author. The analyzed texts demonstrate that the Polish writers knew the Old Testament apocrypha and therefore it explains its presence in the Polish literary culture of the nineteenth century. An interesting issue is the question of how Polish culture absorbed the apocryphal book. Numerous textual and archival traces lead to French and German works, but an indication of specific sources is still a research task for biblical scholars and historians of literature.
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