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Onomastica
|
2017
|
vol. 61
|
issue 2
143-163
EN
The Jubilee years of the Catholic Church, which were an element of its strategy in the battle against infidels, form an extralingual context of onomastic issues discussed in the article. The study covers first names occurring in Poznań during the Reformation and the Counter-Reformation, thus in the period witnessing the disintegration of Western Christianity. The author attempts to define the influence of forms of religious life characteristic of the jubilee years (the veneration of Saints, pilgrimages) on shaping the Catholic paradigm of first names. She considers Christian first names documented in Poznań-based sources as an element of religious (didactic, informational and paraliterary) discourse of that time, dominated by the Catholic Church.
EN
The land survey records made in 1560 in Kleszczele by S. Dziewiałtowski list over 600 owners of plots and land in the town and in the five neighboring villages-suburbs. At that time surnames were comparatively rare, therefore the records usually listed the first name and nicknames of the owner of land. The land survey records of 1560 are the excellent ad earliest source of information about anthroponyms of the 16th-century inhabitants of Kleszczele and the surrounding villages, in particular about their first names and nicknames, and about the beginnings of the development of the local surname system. The purpose of the present study is to describe male first-name forms used by the inhabitants of the town of Kleszczele and its suburbs in the mid-16th century. The overwhelming majority were the folk equivalents of Orthodox first names, less often of Catholic ones. These forms developed as a result of transformations in the structure of canonical first names, aiming to adjust them to the language system of the local Ukrainian dialects. The canonical forms of first names, most often originating from Greek, Hebrew and Latin, were usually transformed as a result of far-reaching truncations (initial, medial, and final) and additions of appropriate derivational morphemes. The two procedures were frequently used at the same time.
PL
W przyczynku omawiane są niektóre aspekty kulturowe i wydarzenia polityczne, jakie niewątpliwie mają wpływ na formę nazw własnych różnych kategorii. W przypadku imion zwraca się uwagę na różne motywacje, jakimi kierowano się przy ich wyborze w okresie przed i po przyjęciu chrześcijaństwa. W kategorii nazwisk wskazano na dominującą w Polsce pozycję nazwisk z suf. -ski, na co niewątpliwie wpływ miała uważana za wyższą kultura szlachecka. Natomiast status osobowych nazw własnych kobiet powiązano z ich sytuacją prawną w ówczesnej rzeczywistości. Omówiono też późniejszy wpływ wydarzeń politycznych na wszystkie kategorie nazw własnych.
EN
The article discusses some cultural aspects and political developments that doubtlessly influence forms of proper names belonging to various name categories. In the case of first names the focus is put on various motivations for name choices made in the periods before and after Christianization. As far as the category of surnames is concerned, it is emphasized that surnames ending with the suffix -ski enjoy a dominant position in Poland, which was certainly caused by the nobility culture perceived as superior. On the other hand, the status of feminine personal names is discussed in connection with women’s legal situation in those times. The influence of later political developments on all categories of proper names is addressed as well. The article aims to draw readers’ attention to how political and social changes, as well as tradition impact the structure of the onymic system in the Polish language
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