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The impact of explicit and implicit power motivation on educational choices

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Maliszewski N., Kuźmińska A. O., Wieczorkowska-Wierzbińska G., Werner-Maliszewska A.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2014
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vol. 45
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issue 3
275-285
EN
The aim of three studies was to examine the differences between business majors and non-business majors, in their level of implicit (measured by an Implicit Association Test [IAT], Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwarz, 1998) and explicit power motivation (measured by Power Motivation and Helping Power Motivation scales, Frieze & Boneva, 2001).It was predicted that there are no differences between these two groups in the general (implicit) level of power motivation, but that differences exist in the way it is explicitly expressed: through desire for leadership and prominence vs. desire for helping. Results of Study 1 indicated that business majors (management, N=79) declared a higher leadership motive and a lower helping motive than non-business majors (history, psychology, linguistics, N=62).Study 2 addressed question whether the above differences in power motivation stem from socialization at the university level or from pre-selection. The relationship between high school students’ (N=134) academic major preferences and their power motivation was tested. It was found that the more they were business-oriented, the higher their scores were on leadership, and lower on helping scales. In Study 3, business majors (economics, N=75) and non-business majors (psychology, N=82) completed the same questionnaire as participants in previous studies, as well as performed the IAT. Non-business majors declared stronger explicit helping motive, while business majors expressed stronger prominence and leadership motives. Furthermore, for non-business majors, IAT results could be predicted by their helping score. Implications and possible limitations of the presented results are discussed.
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Automatyczny wpływ reklamy na postawy i zachowania konsumentów

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Ossowska J.
Pieniądze i Więź
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2012
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vol. 15
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issue 3(56)
56-69
EN
The article aims to show automatic influence of advertising messages on attitudes and, consequently, the behavior of consumers. The Author discusses the less rational consumer behavior, automatic processes of building and changing consumer attitudes, and heuristics used to support the automatic impact of advertising. Article also draws attention to individual differences in perception of advertising and the impact of these messages on cognitive functioning and behavior of the recipient.
3
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Jawna vs utajona potrzeba władzy

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Maliszewski N., Jankowska K., Suszek H.
Problemy Zarządzania
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2014
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issue 1/2014 (45)
EN
The aim of the study was to examine implicit and explicit power motive in students as a function of their gender and major (psychology versus economics). It was expected that although men would explicitly declare stronger power motive than women, on the implicit level, there would be no gender difference. Similarly, it was expected that economy majors would declare stronger power motive than psychology majors but this difference would not be observed on the implicit measure. Forty psychology and forty economics majors, with an equal number of men and women in each group, participated in the proper study. They were asked to fill in the questionnaire measuring 3 dimensions of explicit power motivation: leadership, visibility and helping. They also completed an Implicit Association Test (IAT) measuring implicite power motivation. Psychology majors declared stronger power motive expressed through helping behaviors than economics majors. For psychology majors those helping behaviors were related to power motive at the implicit level. On the other hand, economy majors more often than psychology ones declared that they satisfy their power motivation by typical power attributes – influencing others and visibility.
PL
Celem projektu było zbadanie jawnej i utajonej potrzeby władzy kobiet i mężczyzn różniących się kierunkiem wykształcenia (psychologiczne vs ekonomiczne). Przewidywano, że choć mężczyźni (a także osoby wybierające studia ekonomiczne) będą jawnie deklarować silniejszą potrzebę władzy, to na poziomie utajonym nie będą istotnie różnić się od kobiet (psychologów) wielkością tej potrzeby. 40 studentów ekonomii i 40 studentów psychologii, dobranych w równych proporcjach pod względem płci, wypełniało kwestionariusz do pomiaru trzech wymiarów jawnej potrzeby władzy: przywództwa (leadership), rozgłosu (visibilty) oraz pomagania (helping). Test Utajonych Skojarzeń był wskaźnikiem utajonej potrzeby władzy. Studenci psychologii deklarowali silniejszą niż ekonomiści jawną potrzebę władzy wyrażaną poprzez zachowania pomocowe (helping) i z tym wymiarem była związana ich utajona potrzeba. Z kolei studenci ekonomii częściej niż psycholodzy deklarowali, iż potrzebę władzy zaspokajają poprzez posiadanie wpływu i rozgłos.
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