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EN
In this article has been shown the ecclesiology of the pre-council period in Italy. The twentieth century called the century of the Church. The biggest event at the time was the Second Vatican Council. Vatican II was not a random event, but preceded by a renewal, which goes back to the early twentieth century. Also in Italy, an important role to fulfill the liturgical renewal, biblical movement, the activity of the lay faithful. In the period preceding the publication of the encyclical of Pope Pius XII on the Mystical Body of Christ, distinctive theology of the Italian representatives are: Giuseppe Siri, Francesco Chiesa, Antonio M. Vellico and Grazioso Ceriani. New impetus in the development of ecclesiology has become encyclical Mystici Corporis Christi (29.06.1943) Pope Pius XII. For example, taken by Pietro Parente (1891–1986) Mysterium Ecclesiae study with the intent to recover its original splendor to bind legal structure of the hierarchical Church, with its inner nature. Disclosure by Pope John XXIII on 25 January 1959, just three months after his election to the See of Peter, the convening of a general council, and then consult widely on the subject of proceedings has contributed significantly not only to revive interest in the Church, but also to take the very important issues related. In developing a new concept of the Church, that is more in line with the spirit of the period immediately preceding the ecclesiology of Vatican II, the priest put a significant contribution to the Diocese of Alba Natale Bussi (1907–1988), whose lectures were recorded and issued the first time already in 1961. Also noteworthy is the emphasis on the ground of Italian interest in the phenomenon of sanctity and the cult of saints. The overall look of the ecclesiology of the Italian twentieth century, which precedes the Second Vatican Council should be noted that it is not as discovery and pioneering, as ecclesiology German or French.
EN
Dialectal peculiarities in the functioning of the grammatical category of gender, characteristic of the north-eastern dialects of the Polish language, can be geographically and typologically correlated with the corresponding phenomena localized mainly in the north- and south-western Belarusian dialects – the areas of the individual feminine nouns continue in the East of the Polish language continuum.Assuming that the centre of irradiation or the stimulus that caused the appearance of the morphological innovation kłomel (f.), noted in the North-East of Poland, is hypothetically located in Belarus, in the area of expansion of the Polesie dialects, the author presents some results of a comparative analysis of data regarding the variable category of gender in Polish, Belarusian and some other Slavic and non-Slavic languages, as well as linguistic-geographical, structural-semantic, etymological data regarding this areal innovation with available Slavic and non-Slavic material, which allows us to get closer to solving its origin and the reasons for its appearance in the north-eastern speeches of Poland,  where the lexeme kłomel (f.) is formally related primarily to the masculine word structure and is used alongside the well-known feminine equivalent kłomla.The research was conducted with the application of comparative, comparative-historical, descriptive-analytical and areal-typological methods. Their complex application leads to the conclusion that the Western Polesian-Panmonian word klomla should be interpreted as a stimulus phenomenon for the formation of the morphological innovation kłomel (f.) in the north-eastern dialects of the Polish language. The expansion of femininum in this case can be considered as the result of the redistribution of feminine and masculine forms in the inter-Slavic and Baltic-Slavic contact zone, which in turn caused changes in morphology and corresponding mutations in the considered lexeme.
BE
Дыялектныя асаблівасці ў функцыянаванні граматычнай катэгорыі роду, характэрныя для паўночна-ўсходніх гаворак польскай мовы, арэальна і тыпалагічна могуць быць суаднесены з адпаведнымі з’явамі, лакалізаванымі пераважна ў паўночна- і паўднёва-заходніх беларускіх гаворках – арэалы асобных назоўнікаў femininum маюць працяг на ўсходзе польскага моўнага кантынуума.Мяркуючы, што цэнтр ірадыяцыі або стымул, які выклікаў узнікненне марфалагічнай інавацыі kłomel (f.), адзначанай на паўночным усходзе Польшчы, гіпатэтычна знаходзіцца на Беларусі, у зоне пашырэння палескіх гаворак, аўтар прадстаўляе некаторыя вынікі супастаўляльнага аналізу звестак адносна зменнай катэгорыі роду ў польскай, беларускай і некаторых іншых, славянскіх і неславянскіх, мовах, а таксама лінгвагеаграфічных, структурна-семантычных, этымалагічных дадзеных адносна гэтай арэальнай інавацыі з наяўным славянскім і неславянскім матэрыялам, што дазваляе наблізіцца да разгадкі яе паходжання і прычын з’яўлення ў паўночна-ўсходніх гаворках Польшчы, дзе лексема kłomel (f.) фармальна суадносіцца ў першую чаргу са структурай слоў мужчынскага роду і выкарыстоўваецца побач з агульнавядомым эквівалентам kłomla жаночага роду.Даследаванне праводзілася з ужываннем параўнальнага, параўнальна-гістарычнага, апісальна-аналітычнага і арэальна-тыпалагічнага метадаў. Іх комплекснае прымяненне прыводзіць да высноў аб тым, што заходнепалеска-панямонскае слова кломля варта трактаваць як з’яву-стымул для ўтварэння марфалагічнай інавацыі kłomel (f.) у паўночна-ўсходніх гаворках польскай мовы. Экспансія femininum у дадзеным выпадку можа разглядацца як вынік пераразмеркавання ў кантактнай міжславянскай і балта-славянскай зоне форм жаночага і мужчынскага роду, што ў сваю чаргу выклікала змены ў марфалогіі і адпаведныя мутацыі ў разгледжанай лексеме.
PL
Gwarowe osobliwości w funkcjonowaniu gramatycznej kategorii rodzaju charakterystyczne dla północno-wschodnich dialektów języka polskiego mogą być skorelowane geograficznie i typologicznie z odpowiadającymi im zjawiskami zlokalizowanymi głównie w północno- i południowo-zachodnich dialektach białoruskich – areały poszczególnych rzeczowników rodzaju żeńskiego są kontynuowane na wschodzie polskiego kontinuum językowego.Zakładając, że centrum irradiacji lub bodziec, który spowodował pojawienie się morfologicznej innowacji kłomel (f.) odnotowanej w północno-wschodniej Polsce hipotetycznie jest zlokalizowany na Białorusi, w obszarze rozpowszechniania się gwar poleskich autorka przedstawia wyniki analizy porównawczej danych dotyczących zmiennej kategorii rodzaju w języku polskim, białoruskim i niektórych innych językach słowiańskich i niesłowiańskich, a także dane językowo-geograficzne, strukturalno-semantyczne, etymologiczne dotyczące tej arealnej innowacji z dostępnym materiałem słowiańskim i niesłowiańskim, co pozwala zbliżyć się do rozwiązania jej genezy i przyczyn pojawienia się w gwarach północno-wschodniej Polski, gdzie leksem kłomel (f.) jest formalnie związany przede wszystkim ze strukturą wyrazów rodzaju męskiego i jest używany obok znanego odpowiednika rodzaju żeńskiego kłomla.Badania przeprowadzono metodami: porównawczą, porównawczo-historyczną, opisowo-analityczną oraz arealno-typologiczną. Ich kompleksowe zastosowanie prowadzi do wniosku, że zachodniopolesko-poniemońskie słowo klomla należy interpretować jako zjawisko stymulujące powstawanie morfologicznej innowacji kłomel (f.) w północno-wschodnich gwarach języka polskiego. Ekspansję femininum można w tym przypadku uznać za wynik redystrybucji form żeńskich i męskich w międzysłowiańskiej i bałtycko-słowiańskiej strefie kontaktowej, co z kolei spowodowało zmiany w morfologii i odpowiednie mutacje w rozpatrywanym leksemie.
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