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Transformacja systemowa i nierówności w zdrowiu. Perspektywa zwykłego człowieka

100%
Piątkowski W.
Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie
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2011
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vol. 9
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issue 2
76–84
EN
This text is the effort of having a look at the system transformation and inequalities in health cused by it from the perspective of Eliot Freidson’s theory. The author wants to show the makrosocial process and their costs from the ordinary people’s point of view. The empirical material will be the fragments of letters sent to TVP program II by the viewers systematically watching the programs of non conventional therapist A.M. Kaszpirowski. This kind of personal documents among others gives the possibility of subjective experiencing the financial difficulties in the first phase of transformation, registration of impressions connected with the trauma of the “big change”, finally allowes to follow the examples of new thinking about the social and economic problems: increase of civil activity, autocreative and innovative attitudes.
2
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Social costs of loss in productivity-related absenteeism in Poland

75%
Genowska A., Fryc J., Pinkas J., Jamiołkowski J., Szafraniec K., Szpak A., Bojar I.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2016
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vol. 30
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issue 6
917-932
EN
Objectives The aim of this study was to estimate indirect costs associated with losses in productivity due to sickness absence among registered workers in Poland. Material and Methods Data on sick leave durations in 2013 was obtained from the Social Insurance Institution (SII) (Zakład Ubezpieczeń Społecznych – ZUS). Based on the number of assumptions, this data was used for calculating absence durations. The costs of lost productivity were estimated on the basis of the measure of gross value added. Results Estimated losses in productivity due to absenteeism in 2013 together accounted for 4.33% of gross domestic product (GDP) (17.09 billion euro). In the female population, the total value of losses amounted to 9.66 billion euro, but excluding the costs of pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium (2.96 billion euro), it was 6.7 billion euro. In the male population, the loss amounted to 7.43 billion euro. The highest overall costs of sickness absence based on age were found in the age group of 30–39 years (5.14 billion euro, including pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium – 1.474 billion euro; respiratory diseases – 0.632 billion euro, injuries and poisonings – 0.62 billion euro). In the group of people aged > 40 years, the highest cost was generated by bone-muscular diseases (1.553 billion euro) and injuries and poisoning (1.251 billion euro). Higher losses in the productivity of women in addition to pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium were due to mental and behavioral disorders (0.71 billion euro), diseases of the genitourinary system (0.38 billion euro), and neoplasms (0.35 billion euro). At the same time, in men, compared to women, we observed higher losses due to injuries and poisoning (1.65 billion euro), and diseases of musculoskeletal (1.26 billion euro), nervous (0.79 billion euro), circulatory (0.65 billion euro), and digestive (0.41 billion euro) systems. Conclusions Improvement and further development of effective strategies for prevention of complications of pregnancy and chronic diseases in the workplace are necessary. Policies aimed at reduction of sickness absence could potentially increase prosperity and the socioeconomic situation in Poland. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(6):917–932
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Construction of multi-state life tables for critical illness insurance – influence of age and sex on the incidence of health inequalities

63%
Dębicka J., Zmyślona B.
Śląski Przegląd Statystyczny
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2016
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issue 14 (20)
41-64
XX
The aim of the paper is twofold. The first one is to present the multi-state life tables associated with the insurance against the risk for lung cancer. Probabilistic structure of the model regarding incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer takes into account many factors such as a patient’s health condition (mild and critical), the probability of remaining in mild state of health and the probability of state of health deterioration. The lifetime in a critical state is analyzed in detail. The probability of death of a patient is also analysed according to the health condition. The analysis of the influence of inequalities in health caused by gender, biological sex and age on the probabilistic structure pose the second aim of paper.
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