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Univerzální koncepce modality a její aplikace na španělský modální systém

100%
Kratochvílová D.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2014
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vol. 96
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issue 1
58-73
EN
This article analyses the concept of modality presented by Palmer (1986). Over the years since its publication it has become a universal instrument for describing modality across different languages. The basic contrast between epistemic and deontic modality is nowadays generally accepted. This article focuses primarily on modality in Spanish although it analyses this field in other languages as well (Italian, Romanian and English). By contrasting these four languages the article attempts to answer the question whether a universal terminology can be proved sufficient for the exhaustive description of the modal system of one particular language. The results of the analysis lead to the conclusion that a uniform approach to modality is not ideal because it does not take into consideration specific aspects of a concrete language and its particular way of expressing modality.
2
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Mediální konstrukce v češtině a v italštině

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Perissutti A. M.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2023
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vol. 105
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issue 1
7-22
XX
The paper is devoted to a family of constructions in Czech and Italian that are reminiscent of the verbal category of Indo-European Middle, which, besides the active voice, was the second voice and expressed agency/state as subjective. As far as Czech is concerned, we consider two constructions, one with intransitive verbs, the morpheme “se”, the adverb of evaluation and the Experiencer expressed in the dative, and one with transitive verbs, the so-called mediopassive, with the Patient in subject position as in the passive sentences. As far as Italian is concerned, we also analyze two constructions, one with intransitive verbs and the combined clitics “se+ne” and one with transitive verbs and the adverb of evaluation “facilmente”. Based on data derived from the Czech Ten Ten 2017 corpus, as well as the Italian web 2020 corpus from the Sketch Engine platform, we analyze the actional nature of the verbs occurring in the sentences, while contrasting the functions of the constructions in the two languages in the framework of construction grammar (Goldberg, 1995).
3
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MERLIN: Multilingvální platforma pro evropské referenční úrovně

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Štindlová B., Čurdová V.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2015
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vol. 97
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issue 2
190-200
EN
The paper provides an overview of the motivation, development and major principles of the international project Merlin. The main output of this project is a unique trilingual learner corpus consisting of German, Italian and Czech. The corpus will be available as an online platform illustrating the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) with authentic learner data and enabling users to explore authentic written learner productions and related metadata (e.g. age, first language of the learner, etc.). Each text in the corpus is linguistically analysed during the multiphase error annotation. This process raises some problematic issues concerning the particularly specific character of Czech as a Slavic language. The paper summarises some of these problems and their possible solutions.
4
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Role aspektu v překladu italských pasivních konstrukcí

80%
Čechová P.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2020
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vol. 102
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issue 2
218-229
EN
This paper deals with the Italian periphrastic passive and its auxiliaries venire and essere from an aspectual point of view, based on the Czech language. After a short summary of the main differences between Czech and Italian regarding the notion of verbal aspect and periphrastic passive, it analyses a generally expected claim that in the present tense passive constructions containing the auxiliary venire should be translated into Czech with a higher incidence of imperfective verbs than of passive constructions containing the auxiliary essere. This trend should not be found in the simple past tense or in the imperfect tense. The analysis confirms a difference in the present tense, but does not confirm its absence in the past tenses. Moreover, the difference between the two auxiliaries is even more apparent in the imperfect tense.
5
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Kanonická typologie a smíšené časování v románských jazycích

80%
Štichauer P.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2019
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vol. 101
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issue 1
21-39
EN
The aim of this paper is twofold: firstly it provides a detailed overview of the canonical approach to inflection (following Corbett 2007; 2009; 2015); secondly it attempts to analyze, within this approach, a typologically interesting phenomenon of mixed perfective auxiliation systems attested in a wide array of Italo-Romance dialects. First, the paper introduces the key notions of Canonical Typology (cf. Bond 2019) applied to inflectional morphology, along with a proposed working Czech terminology of basic terms such as requirements of form etc. Second, the paper proceeds to show that mixed systems, where two auxiliary verbs (corresponding to the derivatives of the Latin verbs habere/ esse) alternate within one and the same paradigm, representing a further way in which periphrastic exponence “splits” the inflectional realization of a lexeme. These systems thus constitute yet another interesting non-canonical inflectional phenomenon worth exploring from the perspective of Canonical Typology.
6
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Italské rafforzamento fonosintattico a jeho role v tzv. smíšených paradigmatech

80%
Štichauer P.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2017
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vol. 99
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issue 1
29-39
EN
This paper addresses the issue of rafforzamento fonosintattico (RF), phonosyntactic doubling, typical of a wide range of Italo-Romance dialects, and its relation to the phenomenon of mixed paradigms, also attested in a number of Italian varieties. After a discussion of the basic properties of RF, the article introduces mixed paradigms and proceeds to show how RF is used morphologically to signal important morphosyntactic contrasts, such as the difference between the 2nd and 3rd persons singular where a homonymous outcome of habes/habet > a is found. The paper thus intends to put forward another case of morphologization on the basis of the interesting — and endangered — phenomenon of mixed paradigms.
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